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Cotton has been increasingly harmed by the mirid bug (Lygus pratensis Linnaeus) in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, China. Using trap plants within or around the border of the cotton may be a beneficial management strategy for this pest of cotton.

The potential of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius Linn) as a trap plant for managing L. pratensis was evaluated in laboratory and field experiments. Y-tube olfactometer assays demonstrated that L. pratensis was highly attracted to volatiles derived from safflower. Field experiments showed that safflower plots hosted more L. pratensis (adults and nymphs) than cotton plots. Early-sown safflower had more L. pratensis than mid-sown or late-sown safflower, and was more conducive to the settlement and reproduction of L. see more pratensis. The density of L. pratensis on safflower trap crops in three sowing patterns was significantly higher than on adjacent cotton. The pattern of intercropping safflower trap crops was more effective at reducing densities of L. pratensis on cotton than placing safflower as 'spot' trap crops or peripheral trap crops. However, this result also may be related to the overall area of the safflower trap crops. With regular chemical control of L. pratensis on safflower trap crops, the number of cotton bolls was increased by 10.04%, whereas the rate of boll damage was reduced by 33.44%, compared to cotton without safflower trap crops and insecticide sprays.

Safflower shows promise as an effective trap crop for L. pratensis, and may contribute to controlling L. pratensis in cotton. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.

Safflower shows promise as an effective trap crop for L. pratensis, and may contribute to controlling L. pratensis in cotton. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.

Broadleaf and grass weeds can adversely affect growth and productivity of plastic-mulched tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). Two, four-year research trials were conducted in Florida to evaluate the effect of repeated fumigation and chemical fallow versus a sorghum [Sorghum bicolor S. bicolor var. sudanense (Piper) Stapf.] cover crop on broadleaf and grass weeds in tomato plasticulture.

1,3-Dichloropropene (1,3-D) + chloropicrin (Pic), dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) + Pic, and DMDS + metam potassium effectively controlled broadleaf weeds in-crop and reduced densities by 79-98% compared to the non-fumigated control but provided inconsistent control of grass weeds. DMDS + metam potassium was generally the most effective fumigant. During the fallow period, a sorghum cover crop effectively reduced broadleaf weed density than the chemical fallow, while chemical fallow effectively reduced grass weed density than the cover crop. The fallow program did not affect in-crop densities of broadleaf and grass weeds. In some measurements, the evaluated fumigants resulted in taller tomato plants and higher yield compared to the non-fumigated control.

We conclude that the evaluated soil fumigants effectively control broadleaf and grass weeds. Planting a sorghum cover crop effectively suppresses broadleaf weeds but not grasses during the fallow period. However, this suppression does not result in reduced weed density in-crop despite the fact that similar weed species were observed in both time periods. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.

We conclude that the evaluated soil fumigants effectively control broadleaf and grass weeds. Planting a sorghum cover crop effectively suppresses broadleaf weeds but not grasses during the fallow period. However, this suppression does not result in reduced weed density in-crop despite the fact that similar weed species were observed in both time periods. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.

To develop a knowledge-based planning (KBP) routine for stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) of peripherally located early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumors via dynamic conformal arc (DCA)-based volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) using the commercially available RapidPlan

software. This proposed technique potentially improves plan quality, reduces complexity, and minimizes interplay effect and small-field dosimetry errors associated with treatment delivery.

KBP model was developed and validated using 70 clinically treated high quality non-coplanar VMAT lung SBRT plans for training and 20 independent plans for validation. All patients were treated with 54Gy in three treatments. Additionally, a novel k-DCA planning routine was deployed to create plans incorporating historical three-dimensional-conformal SBRT planning practices via DCA-based approach prior to VMAT optimization in an automated planning engine. Conventional KBPs and k-DCA plans were compared with clinically treated plans zes plan complexity associated with model-based KBP techniques and improve plan quality and treatment planning efficiency.

A k-DCA planning routine was developed in concurrence with a knowledge-based approach for the treatment of peripherally located lung tumors. This method minimizes plan complexity associated with model-based KBP techniques and improve plan quality and treatment planning efficiency.

The purpose of this study is to dually evaluate the effectiveness of PlanIQ in predicting the viability and outcome of dosimetric planning in cases of complex re-irradiation as well as generating an equivalent plan through Pinnacle integration. The study also postulates that a possible strength of PlanIQ lies in mitigating pre-optimization uncertainties tied directly to dose overlap regions where re-irradiation is necessary.

A retrospective patient selection (n=20) included a diverse range of re-irradiation cases to be planned using Pinnacle auto-planning with PlanIQ integration. A consistent planning template was developed and applied across all cases. Direct plan comparisons of manual plans against feasibility-produced plans were performed by physician(s) with dosimetry recording relevant proximal OAR and planning timeline data.

All re-irradiation cases were successfully predicted to be achievable per PlanIQ analyses with three cases (3/20) necessitating 95% target coverage conditions, previously exhibited in the manually planned counterparts, and determined acceptable under institutional standards.