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The results also showed that a high temperature and high infill density provided better recovery, and a low temperature and low infill density resulted in poor recovery.Candida auris is an emerging opportunistic yeast species causing nosocomial outbreaks at a global scale. A few studies have focused on the C. auris genotypic structure. Here, we compared five epidemiological typing tools using a set of 96 C. auris isolates from 14 geographical areas. Isolates were analyzed by microsatellite typing, ITS sequencing, amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) fingerprint analysis, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy methods. Microsatellite typing grouped the isolates into four main clusters, corresponding to the four known clades in concordance with whole genome sequencing studies. The other investigated typing tools showed poor performance compared with microsatellite typing. A comparison between the five methods showed the highest agreement between microsatellite typing and ITS sequencing with 45% similarity, followed by microsatellite typing and the FTIR method with 33% similarity. The lowest agreement was observed between FTIR spectroscopy, MALDI-TOF MS, and ITS sequencing. This study indicates that microsatellite typing is the tool of choice for C. auris outbreak investigations. Additionally, FTIR spectroscopy requires further optimization and evaluation before it can be used as an epidemiological typing method, comparable with microsatellite typing, as a rapid method for tracing nosocomial fungal outbreaks.Urbanisation exposes avian wildlife to an array of environmental stressors that result in clinical admission and hospitalisation. The aim of this pilot study was to conduct a retrospective analysis of clinical data and characterise this based on categories of stress experienced by avian wildlife patients. The results from this study indicated that impact injuries (n = 33, 25%) and vehicle-related injuries (n = 33, 25%) were the most common occurring preliminary stressors that resulted in the hospitalisation of avian wildlife. The most common outcome of avian patients that suffered from vehicle-related injuries was euthanasia (n = 15, 45%), as was avian patients that suffered from impact injuries (n = 16, 48%). Immobility (n = 105, 61%) and abnormal behaviour (n = 24, 14%) were the most commonly occurring primary stressors of avian patients. Finally, trauma (n = 51, 32%) and fractures (n = 44, 27%) were the most common occurring secondary stressors in avian patients. The most common outcome of all these stressors was euthanasia. This study provided further evidence towards the notion that human- and urbanisation-related stressors are the main causes of hospitalisation of avian wildlife, but also indicated that birds admitted as a result of human-related stressors are more likely to be euthanised than released. This study also provided a categorisation system for the stressors identified in avian wildlife patients (preliminary, primary and secondary) that may be used to monitor the stress categories of wildlife patients and gain a deeper understanding of the complex notion of stress.Fabry disease is an X-linked lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in the GLA gene encoding the α-galactosidase A enzyme. This enzyme cleaves the last sugar unit of glycosphingolipids, including globotriaosylceramide (Gb3), globotriaosylsphingosine (lyso-Gb3), and galabiosylceramide (Ga2). Enzyme impairment leads to substrate accumulation in different organs, vascular endothelia, and biological fluids. Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) is a commonly used treatment. Urinary analysis of Gb3 isoforms (different fatty acid moieties), as well as lyso-Gb3 and its analogues, is a reliable way to monitor treatment. These analogues correspond to lyso-Gb3 with chemical modifications on the sphingosine moiety (-C2H4, -C2H4+O, -H2, -H2+O, +O, +H2O2, and +H2O3). The effects of sample collection time on urinary biomarker levels between ERT cycles were not previously documented. The main objective of this project was to analyze the aforementioned biomarkers in urine samples from seven Fabry disease patients (three treated males, three treated females, and one ERT-naïve male) collected twice a day (morning and evening) for 42 days (three ERT cycles). Except for one participant, our results show that the biomarker levels were generally more elevated in the evening. However, there was less variability in samples collected in the morning. No cyclic variations in biomarker levels were observed between ERT infusions.Liquid metals show unparalleled advantages in printable circuits, flexible wear, drug carriers, and electromagnetic shielding. However, the efficient and large-scale preparation of liquid metal nanodroplets (LM NDs) remains a significant challenge. (R)HTS3 Here, we propose a simple and efficient method for the large-scale preparation of stable eutectic gallium indium nanodroplets (EGaIn NDs). We compared different preparation methods and found that droplets with smaller particle sizes could quickly be produced using a shaking technique. The size of EGaIn NDs produced using this technique can reach 200 nm in 30 min and 100 nm in 240 min. Benefiting from the simple method, various surfactants can directly modify the surface of the EGaIn NDs to stabilize the prepared droplets. In addition, we discovered that shaking in an ice bath produced spherical nanodroplets, and after shaking for 30 min in a non-ice bath, rod-shaped gallium oxide hydroxide (GaOOH) appeared. Furthermore, the EGaIn NDs we produced have excellent stability-after storage at room temperature for 30 days, the particle size and morphology change little. The excellent stability of the produced EGaIn NDs provides a wider application of liquid metals in the fields of drug delivery, electromagnetic shielding, conductive inks, printed circuits, etc.Stunting remains a major public health issue for pre-school children globally. Dairy product consumption is suboptimal in China. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between dairy intake and linear growth in Chinese pre-school children. A national representative survey (Chinese Nutrition and Health Surveillance) of children aged under 6 years was done in 2013. Stratified multistage cluster sampling was used to select study participants. A food frequency questionnaire was used to collect dietary information. We calculated height-for-age Z-scores (HAZs) and estimated stunting using the 2006 WHO growth standard. In total, 12,153 children aged two to four years old (24 to less then 60 months) were studied from 55 counties in 30 provinces in China. Approximately 39.2% (4759/12,153) of those children consumed dairy at least once per day, 11.9% (1450/12,153) consumed dairy at least once in the last week, and nearly half (48.9%, 5944/12,153) did not have any dairy in the last week. The HAZ was -0.