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Quasi-one-dimensional (1D) graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) have finite band gaps and active edge states and therefore can be useful for advanced chemical and electronic devices. Here, we present the formation of GNR grids via seed-assisted chemical vapor deposition on Ge(100) substrates. Nucleation seeds, provided by unzipped C60, initiated growth of the GNRs. The GNRs grew toward two orthogonal directions in an anisotropic manner, templated by the single crystalline substrate, thereby forming grids that had lateral stitching over centimeter scales. The spatially uniform grid can be transferred and patterned for batch fabrication of devices. The GNR grids showed percolative conduction with a high electrical sheet conductance of ∼2 μS·sq and field-effect mobility of ∼5 cm2/(V·s) in the macroscopic channels, which confirm excellent lateral stitching between domains. From transconductance measurements, the intrinsic band gap of GNRs with sub-10 nm widths was estimated as ∼80 meV, similar to theoretical expectation. Our method presents a scalable way to fabricate atomically thin elements with 1D characteristics for integration with various nanodevices.Flexible and multifunctional textiles have potential applications in self-cleaning and portable electronic product applications, but the current problem that needs to be solved is to maintain their inherent breathability and flexibility while expanding other functional applications. Herein, we adopt the layer-by-layer assembly method to develop a multifunctional textile with superior asymmetric superhydrophobicity, excellent electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding, outstanding photothermal conversion, and solar water evaporation. The synergistic effect of SiO2 nanoparticles/poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) and 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane (PFOTES) endows the textile with a water contact angle of 160°. MXene provides high conductivity (1200 S/m) and EMI shielding effects (36 dB) for multifunctional textiles. In addition, the multifunctional textile exhibits excellent photothermal conversion, and satisfactory solar water evaporation efficiency (80%) and rate (1.22 kg/(m2 h)) under 1 sun. Therefore, the prepared multifunctional textile has great potential in multiscene applications.Flexible metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are promising materials in gas-related technologies. Adjusting the material to processes requires understanding of the flexibility mechanism and its influence on the adsorption properties. Herein, we present the mechanistic understanding of CO2-induced pore-opening transitions of the water-stable MOF JUK-8 ([Zn(oba)(pip)]n, oba2- = 4,4'-oxybis(benzenedicarboxylate), pip = 4-pyridyl-functionalized benzene-1,3-dicarbohydrazide) as well as its potential applicability in gas purification. Detailed insights into the global structural transformation and subtle local MOF-adsorbate interactions are obtained by three in situ techniques (XRD, IR, and 13CO2-NMR). These results are further supported by single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SC-XRD) analysis of the solvated and guest-free phases. High selectivity toward carbon dioxide derived from the single-gas adsorption experiments of CO2 (195 and 298 K), Ar (84 K), O2 (90 K), N2 (77 K), and CH4 (298 K) is confirmed by high-pressure coadsorption experiments of the CO2/CH4 (7525 v/v) mixture at different temperatures (288, 293, and 298 K) and in situ NMR studies of the coadsorption of 13CO2/13CH4 (5050 v/v; 195 K).Analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in water is conventionally conducted using gas chromatography (GC)-based methods, for which sample preparation demands are relatively high and throughput is relatively low due to the time taken to achieve chromatographic separation. Direct mass spectrometry (DMS) techniques such as selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS) have potential to analyze water headspace (HS) at high sensitivity with minimal sample preparation, eliminating preconcentration/purging and/or water management steps. However, the dearth of guidance for validation of DMS methods is an impediment to their adoption in routine analysis. This study applies and adapts an internationally recognized pharmaceutical industry guidance document for method validation to a prototypical SIFT-MS headspace analysis method for 17 toxic VOCs in water. The approach to validation is, however, applicable to any routine analysis conducted using SIFT-MS, and very likely to any methods developed using other DMS techniques. For the method developed and validated here, linearities (as measured by the linear regression coefficient, R2) were better than 0.990 for all compounds. Repeatability (measured using relative standard deviation, RSD) was less than 10% for all compounds. Similar method performance was observed for accuracy and recovery. The performance criteria achieved by this HS-SIFT-MS method suggest it has potential application in environmental and pharmaceutical routine analyses, perhaps as a rapid screening tool.Two novel stimuli-responsive drug delivery systems (DDSs) were successfully created from bovine serum albumin- or myoglobin-gated upconversion nanoparticle-embedded mesoporous silica nanovehicles (UCNP@mSiO2) via diselenide (Se-Se)-containing linkages. More importantly, multiple roles of each scaffold of the nanovehicles were achieved. The controlled release of the encapsulated drug doxorubicin (DOX) within the mesopores was activated by triple stimuli (acidic pH, glutathione, or H2O2) of tumor microenvironments, owing to the conformation/surface charge changes in proteins or the reductive/oxidative cleavages of the Se-Se bonds. Upon release of DOX, the Förster resonance energy transfer between the UCNP cores and encapsulated DOX was eliminated, resulting in an increase in ratiometric upconversion luminescence for DOX release tracking in real time. The two protein-gated DDSs showed some differences in the drug release performances, relevant to structures and properties of the protein nanogates. The introduction of the Se-Se linkages not only increased the versatility of reductive/oxidative cleavages but also showed less cytotoxicity to all cell lines. The DOX-loaded protein-gated nanovehicles showed the inhibitory effect on tumor growth in tumor-bearing mice and negligible damage/toxicity to the normal tissues. The constructed nanovehicles in a spatiotemporally controlled manner have fascinating prospects in targeted drug delivery for cancer chemotherapy.Robotic dispensing-based 3D bioprinting represents one of the most powerful technologies to develop hydrogel-based 3D constructs with enormous potential in the field of regenerative medicine. The optimization of hydrogel printing parameters, proper geometry and internal architecture of the constructs, and good cell viability during the bioprinting process are the essential requirements. In this paper, an analytical model based on the hydrogel rheological properties was developed to predict the extruded filament width in order to maximize the printed structure's fidelity to the design. Viscosity data of two natural hydrogels were imputed to a power-law model to extrapolate the filament width. Further, the model data were validated by monitoring the obtained filament width as the output. Shear stress values occurring during the bioprinting process were also estimated. Human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) were encapsulated in the silk fibroin-gelatin (G)-based hydrogel, and a 3D bioprinting process was performed to produce cell-laden constructs. Live and dead assay allowed estimating the impact of needle shear stress on cell viability after the bioprinting process. Finally, we tested the potential of hMSCs to undergo chondrogenic differentiation by evaluating the cartilaginous extracellular matrix production through immunohistochemical analyses. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/pirfenidone.html Overall, the use of the proposed analytical model enables defining the optimal printing parameters to maximize the fabricated constructs' fidelity to design parameters before the process execution, enabling to achieve more controlled and standardized products than classical trial-and-error approaches in the biofabrication of engineered constructs. Employing modeling systems exploiting the rheological properties of the hydrogels might be a valid tool in the future for guaranteeing high cell viability and for optimizing tissue engineering approaches in regenerative medicine applications.Atmospheric water harvesting is a promising technology for alleviating global water scarcity. Current water sorption materials efficiently capture water vapor from ubiquitous air; however, they are difficult to scale up due to high costs, complex device engineering, and intensive energy consumption. Fired red brick, a low-cost masonry construction material, holds the potential for developing large-scale functional architectures. link2 Here, we utilize fired red brick for atmospheric water harvesting by integrating a microtubular coating of the conducting polymer PEDOT within its inorganic microstructure. This microtubular polymer coating affords hygroscopicity and high surface area for water nucleation, enables capillary forces to promote water transport, and enhances the water harvesting efficiency. link3 Our brick composite achieves a maximum water vapor uptake of ∼200 wt % versus polymer mass at 95% relative humidity, decreasing to ∼15 wt % at 40% relative humidity. Facile water release is demonstrated via thermal, electrical, and illuminative heating. This proof-of-concept study demonstrates the potential of masonry construction materials for large-scale atmospheric water harvesting.Due to conventional photodynamic therapy encountering serious problems of phototoxicity and low tissue-penetrating depth of light, other dynamic therapy-based therapeutic methods such as sonodynamic therapy (SDT) are expected to be developed. To improve the therapeutic response to SDT, more effective sonosensitizers are imperative. In this study, a novel water-soluble iridium(III)-porphyrin sonosensitizer (IrTMPPS) was synthesized and used for SDT. IrTMPPS generated ample singlet oxygen (1O2) under US irradiation and especially showed distinguished US-activatable abilities at more than 10 cm deep-tissue depths. Interestingly, under US irradiation, IrTMPPS sonocatalytically oxidized intracellular NADH, which would enhance SDT efficiency by breaking the redox balance in the tumor. Moreover, IrTMPPS displayed great sonocytotoxicity toward various cancer cells, and in vivo experiments demonstrated efficient tumor inhibition and anti-metastasis to the lungs in the presence of IrTMPPS and US irradiation. This report gives a novel idea of metal-based sonosensitizers for sonotherapy by fully taking advantage of non-invasiveness, water solubility, and deep tumor therapy.Porous media with directional water-transport capability have great applications in oil-water separation, moisture-harvesting, microfluidics, and moisture-management textiles. However, the previous directional water-transport materials chiefly work in the air. The materials with directional water-transport capability in the oil phase have been less reported. Here, we fabricated a novel Janus fabric with amphibious directional water-transport capability that can work both in the air and oil phases. It was prepared using dip coating and spraying to develop an oleophobic-hydrophobic to oleophobic-hydrophilic gradient across the thickness of the fabric substrate. The fabric allowed water droplets to rapidly transport from the hydrophobic to the hydrophilic side when the fabric was either in the air environment or fully immersed in oil. However, it hindered water transport in the opposite direction. More importantly, the fabric can overcome gravity to capture water from oil. Such an air-oil amphibious water-transport fabric showed excellent water collecting capability.