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71 vs. 0.79) or air bronchograms (median Fleiss' κ = 0.72)). Intraobserver consistency was relatively low for intermediate LUS scores (e.g. LUS Score 1 median Fleiss' κ = 0.52). HCQ inhibitor supplier We therefore conclude that more distinct LUS findings (e.g., air bronchograms, subpleural consolidations) may be more suitable for disease monitoring, especially with more than one investigator and that training material used for LUS in point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) should pay refined attention to areas such as B-line quantification and differentiation of intermediate LUS scores.Cardiac MRI in rhesus macaques, a species of major relevance for preclinical studies on biological therapies, requires artificial ventilation to realize breath holding. To overcome this limitation of standard cine MRI, the feasibility of Real-Time (RT) cardiac MRI has been tested in a cohort of ten adult rhesus macaques using a clinical MR-system. In spite of lower tissue contrast and sharpness of RT-MRI, cardiac functions were similarly well assessed by RT-MRI compared to cine MRI (similar intra-subject repeatability). However, systematic underestimation of the end-diastolic volume (31 ± 9%), end-systolic volume (20 ± 11%), stroke volume (40 ± 12%) and ejection fraction (13 ± 9%) hamper the comparability of RT-MRI results with those of other cardiac MRI methods. Yet, the underestimations were very consistent ( less then  5% variability) for repetitive measurements, making RT-MRI an appropriate alternative to cine MRI for longitudinal studies. In addition, RT-MRI enabled the analysis of cardio-respiratory coupling. All functional parameters showed lower values during expiration compared to inspiration, most likely due to the pressure-controlled artificial ventilation. In conclusion, despite systematic underestimation of the functional parameters, RT-MRI allowed the assessment of left ventricular function in macaques with significantly less experimental effort, measurement time, risk and burden for the animals compared to cine MRI.Proton pump inhibitor (PPI) was widely used around the world. Studies suggested conflicting results between PPI treatment and dementia event. This study examined the association between six PPI agents and dementia event by mining the US FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database from 2004 to 2020. We employed proportional reporting ratio (PRR) and information element (IC) methods to detect the signals of dementia relevant to PPI. We also analyzed characteristics of PPI and positive control reports, compared dementia event between long- and short-duration of PPI treatment. Finally, we identified 2396 dementia cases with PPI treatment. We did not detect significant signal between PPI and dementia event PRR = 0.98, 95%CI 0.94 to 1.02, IC = -0.03, 95%CI - 0.17 to 0.10, even in gastroesophageal reflux disease cases PRR = 0.65, 95%CI 0.59 to 0.72, IC = -0.62, 95%CI - 0.97 to - 0.27. No significant differences of dementia event were detected between long- and short- duration groups, the OR (95%CI) of the 3 years, 5 years and 10 years comparison were 0.70 (0.48 to 1.02), 0.72 (0.45 to 1.15) and 1.65 (0.75 to 3.63), respectively. Based on the current FAERS data mining, we discovered no association between PPI use and dementia event, even in long-term PPI therapy case.Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease caused by complex interaction between genetic and environmental factors. There is a growing body of evidence of the involvement of sirtuins (SIRTs) in disease pathomechanism. SIRTs are NAD+-dependent histone deacetylases which take part in various cellular functions. However, available data of the relationship between SIRT gene polymorphisms and PD is limited. Our aim was to investigate the possible association of 10 SNPs identified within non-mitochondrial SIRTs, SIRT1, -2 and -6 with the risk of PD in Hungarian population, and to compare the expression level of these SIRTs between healthy controls and PD patients. Our results showed that rs3740051 and rs3818292 of SIRT1 and rs350843, rs350844, rs107251, rs350845 and rs350846 of SIRT6 show weak association with PD risk. On the contrary rs12778366 and rs3758391 of SIRT1 and rs10410544 of SIRT2 did not show association with PD. Moreover, we detected that mRNA level of SIRT1 was down-regulated, and mRNA level of SIRT6 was up-regulated, while SIRT2 mRNA level was not altered in the peripheral blood of PD patients as compared to controls. The difference in both cases was more pronounced when comparing the early-onset PD group to the control cohort. Nevertheless, mRNA level changes did not show any association with the presence of any of the investigated SNPs either in the PD or in the control group. In conclusion, our findings suggest that non-mitochondrial sirtuins, SIRT1 and -6 but not SIRT2 might contribute to the pathogenesis of PD in the Hungarian population both via their altered mRNA levels and via gene alterations identified as specific SNPs.This study aimed to isolate and identify probiotic bacteria from the gut of Barbonymus gonionotus and evaluate their effects on growth, hematological parameters, and breeding performances of the host. Five probiotic bacteria viz. Enterococcus xiangfangensis (GFB-1), Pseudomonas stutzeri (GFB-2), Bacillus subtilis (GFB-3), Citrobacter freundii (GFB-4), and P. aeruginosa (GFB-5) were isolated and identified using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Application of a consortium of probiotic strains (1-3 × 1.35 × 109 CFU kg-1) or individual strain such as GFB-1 (1.62 × 109 CFU kg-1), GFB-2 (1.43 × 109 CFU kg-1), GFB-3 (1.06 × 109 CFU kg-1), GFB-4 (1.5 × 109 CFU kg-1) or GFB-5 (1.43 × 109 CFU kg-1feed) through feed significantly improved growth, histological and hematological parameters and reproductive performances of B. gonionotus compared to untreated control. Moreover, the application of these probiotics significantly increased gut lactic acid bacteria and activities of digestive enzymes but did not show any antibiotic resistance nor any cytotoxicity in vitro. The highest beneficial effects on treated fishes were recorded by the application of GFB-1, GFB-2, GFB-3, and a consortium of these bacteria (T2). This is the first report of the improvement of growth and health of B. gonionotus fishes by its gut bacteria.