Lindahllamm5306

The diagnosis of late-onset (age ≥50years old) relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (LORRMS) has been increasingly described in clinical practice, whereas data focusing on the specific therapeutic management of LORRMS are scarce. Our objective was to compare the effectiveness of injectable and oral first-line disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) in a cohort of LORRMS patients with time to first relapse, time to confirmed disability progression (CDP), and time to discontinuation.

This is a multicenter, observational, retrospectively acquired cohort study on LORRMS-naïve patients from the Italian MS Register who started either injectable or oral first-line DMTs between January 1, 2013 and December 31, 2017. LORRMS patients were divided into two groups, namely the injectable group (IG) and oral group (OG). Cox models adjusted with inverse probability-weighted propensity score were built for the investigated outcomes.

Of a cohort of 3989 patients, 302 were enrolled (203 in the IG and 99 in the OG). The two cohorts did not differ in baseline characteristics. Time to first relapse did not show any difference between the two groups (hazard ratio [HR]1.10; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.50-2.46, p=0.797). Furthermore, no differences were found between the two groups with respect to the risk of CDP (HR1.04; 95% CI 0.35-3.06, p=0.939), nor for the risk of DMT discontinuation (HR0.90; 95% CI 0.17-2.08, p=0.425).

Real-world data from the Italian MS Register suggested that both injectables and oral first-line DMTs similarly controlled the investigated outcomes in LORRMS.

Real-world data from the Italian MS Register suggested that both injectables and oral first-line DMTs similarly controlled the investigated outcomes in LORRMS.

To compare hemostatic variables performed on blood samples obtained from indwelling jugular catheters or direct venipuncture over a 72-hour period.

Prospective experimental study.

University research laboratory.

Five healthy neutered male purpose-bred Beagle dogs.

Each dog was sedated to facilitate placement of a long-stay 20-Ga polyurethane IV catheter into the jugular vein. Blood samples were obtained from the preplaced catheters at 4 time points corresponding to 0, 24, 48, and 72hours relative to placement. Blood samples were also obtained by direct venipuncture of a peripheral vein using a 21-Ga butterfly catheter and evacuated blood tubes at the same time points. Platelet count, platelet closure time, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, fibrinogen, and kaolin-activated thromboelastography were performed on these paired samples at each time point. The patency of the indwelling catheters was maintained by flushing every 6hours with heparinized saline.

No significant differences were identified in any of the hemostatic variables obtained by either blood collection technique at any time point during the study (P>0.05). There was also no significant day-to-day variation in any catheter-derived hemostatic variable obtained from individual dogs identified over the course of the study.

These data suggest that accurate hemostatic variables may be obtained using blood collected from indwelling jugular catheters, maintained with heparinized saline for at least 72hours, in healthy dogs.

These data suggest that accurate hemostatic variables may be obtained using blood collected from indwelling jugular catheters, maintained with heparinized saline for at least 72 hours, in healthy dogs.

The study aims to identify a novel plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB), which contributes to promoting growth and reducing cadmium (Cd) concentration in rice under Cd-contaminated conditions.

Nine bacterial strains were isolated from plants grown in Cd-contaminated soil. These bacteria were tolerant to 1000μmol/L CdCl

, capable of producing indole-3-acetic acid, fixing nitrogen and solubilizing phosphate. The result of hydroponic experiment showed that under the control and Cd stress conditions, the dry weight of the Tm02-inoculated rice seedlings increased significantly. Furthermore, under Cd stress, the concentration of Cd in the shoot of the Tm02-inoculated seedlings decreased significantly, while there was no significant difference in Cd concentration between treatment with other eight strains and noninoculated seedlings. The same results were observed in the pot experiment as well, where there was a significantly reduced Cd concentration in rice grains of the Tm02-inoculated rice plants. Tm02 was classified as Pantoea agglomerans through 16S rDNA sequencing.

A novel PGPB strain Tm02 was identified and confirmed that it has the function of promoting rice growth and reducing Cd concentration in rice grain under Cd-contaminated conditions. This strain has the potential to improve rice yield in Cd-contaminated paddy fields.

This study provides a new example of using PGPB to improve the tolerance of rice to Cd pollution.

This study provides a new example of using PGPB to improve the tolerance of rice to Cd pollution.

Cardinium symbiont is a maternally inherited bacterial endosymbiont and widely spreads in arthropods including Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera Aleyrodidae). However, the potential role of Cardinium played in the biology of their hosts is largely unknown. In two genetic lines (i.e. LS and SG lines) of B. tabaci MED) collected from different locations in China, we tested the effects of Cardinium on the performance of the host whitefly under a constant high temperature (31°C) using the age-stage two-sex life table method, and explored the genes influenced by Cardinium-infection by RNA-seq.

We found that Cardinium did provide protection of B. tabaci against heat stress under 31°C. However, there was a significant connection between Cardinium-infection and whitefly genetic backgrounds. Performance revealed that Cardinium infection can increase the longevity of both female and male adults and oviposition periods in both lines, but it also conferred benefits of fecundity and pre-adult period to LS line. Additionally, the population parameters such as intrinsic rate of increase (r), finite rate of increase (λ) and mean generation time (T) demonstrated that Cardinium infection conferred fitness benefits to LS line but no to SG line. Transcriptome analysis indicated that several genes related to homeostasis and metamorphosis such as ubiquitin-related genes were highly expressed in Cardinium-infected B. tabaci.

The research provided the first evidence that Cardinium can increase the thermal tolerance of whitefly, which may be associated with host genetic background. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

The research provided the first evidence that Cardinium can increase the thermal tolerance of whitefly, which may be associated with host genetic background. This article is protected by copyright. selleck All rights reserved.