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ction in H. longicornis. Combined with findings from previous studies, our findings suggest subolesin has the potential to be used as a universal tick vaccine.

Vaccination of rabbits with rHlSu significantly affected the blood-feeding and reproduction in H. BAY 85-3934 in vivo longicornis. Combined with findings from previous studies, our findings suggest subolesin has the potential to be used as a universal tick vaccine.

Maranhão State-Northeast Brazil-has the world's highest incidence of penile cancer. This study describes the epidemiological, histopathological and clinical profile of patients stricken across that Brazilian state. The study is aimed at providing new data on neoplasia.

402 men stricken with penile cancer were studied from January 2004 to December 2018. A retrospective stage was developed with collection of physical and electronic records. A prospective stage was performed with collection of clinical and epidemiological information through a questionnaire. The surgical material was looked into by a uropathologist, and the lesions were evaluated for macroscopic characteristics and various microscopic parameters. Three articles using this data have already been published.

402 men stricken with penile cancer were studied from January 2004 to December 2018. A retrospective stage was developed with collection of physical and electronic records. A prospective stage was performed with collection of clinical and epidemiological information through a questionnaire. The surgical material was looked into by a uropathologist, and the lesions were evaluated for macroscopic characteristics and various microscopic parameters. Three articles using this data have already been published.

Good quality microscopy is critical for accurate detection and confirmation of malaria parasite infections. Microscopy relies on the skills of technicians to prepare and read slides, high quality reagents, and a good program of internal and external quality control (EQA), which are lacking in most malaria endemic settings. This study was undertaken between January 2016 and December 2018 to pilot an EQA of microscopy for improved diagnosis of malaria and patient care in Tanzanian Military health facilities.

Of all blood smears crosschecked (n = 4000) at baseline, only 38.5% were incorrectly diagnosed by laboratory staff with false positive and negative rates of 46.7% and 16.4%, respectively. During the implementation of EQA, false positive and negative results decreased due to increased quality index of slide preparation and reading through supportive supervision, and retraining of laboratory personnel. There was a gradual increase of quarterly and annual total quality index for all laboratories, from 60% false positive and negative rates while EQA helped in improvement of diagnostics.

Iron plays essential roles in the pathogenesis and proliferation of Trichomonas vaginalis, the causative agent of the most prevalent non-viral human sexually transmitted infection. We previously demonstrated that under iron deficiency, the endogenous nitric oxide (NO) is accumulated and capable of regulating the survival of T. vaginalis. Herein, we aim to explore the influence of NO on the activity of the pyruvate-reducing enzyme lactate dehydrogenase in T. vaginalis (TvLDH).

Levels of lactate and pyruvate were detected for determining glycolysis activity in T. vaginalis under iron deficiency. Quantitative PCR was performed to determine the expression of TvLDH. S-nitrosylated (SNO) proteomics was conducted to identify the NO-modified proteins. The activities of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (TvGAPDH) and TvLDH were measured after sodium nitrate treatment. The effects of protein nitrosylation on the production of cellular reducing power were examined by measuring the amount of nicotinamide adenient.

We demonstrated that NO-mediated protein nitrosylation plays pivotal roles in the regulation of glycolysis, pyruvate metabolism, and the activity of TvLDH. The recycling of oxidized NAD catalyzed by TvLDH provided the reducing power that allowed T. vaginalis to adapt to the iron-deficient environment.

We designed and tested a Nanopore sequencing panel for direct tuberculosis drug resistance profiling. The panel targeted 10 resistance-associated loci. We assessed the feasibility of amplifying and sequencing these loci from 23 clinical specimens with low bacillary burden.

At least 8 loci were successfully amplified from the majority for predicting first- and second-line drug resistance (14/23, 60.87%), and the 12 specimens yielding all 10 targets were sequenced with Nanopore MinION and Illumina MiSeq. MinION sequencing data was corrected by Nanopolish and recurrent variants were filtered. A total of 67,082 bases across all consensus sequences were analyzed, with 67,019 bases called by both MinION and MiSeq as wildtype. For the 41 single nucleotide variants (SNVs) called by MiSeq with 100% variant allelic frequency (VAF), 39 (95.1%) were called by MinION. For the 22 mixed bases called by MiSeq, a SNV with the highest VAF (70%) was called by MinION. With short assay time, reasonable reagent cost as well asopore method can be a viable option for direct tuberculosis drug resistance profiling in the near future.

This study aimed to show that ingesting egg white hydrolyzate (EWH) could improve antioxidant capacity and reduce mental fatigue. Two clinical trials were conducted to examine the antioxidant capacity and the fatigue reduction function of EWH. In Study 1, 19 athlete students were received a single dose of EWH (5g/day) or placebo. In Study 2, 74 athlete students ingested EWH (5g/day) or placebo before training for 2weeks.

Single dose of EWH significantly increased the antioxidant ability compared with the placebo group (p < 0.05), and there was no significant difference between the groups in the oxidative stress test results on Study 1. Two-week intake of EWH significantly decreased mental fatigue compared with the placebo (p < 0.05). This study showed that ingesting EWH improved antioxidant capacity with a single dose and reduced mental fatigue after 2weeks of ingestion. Trial Registration Japan Medical Association Center for Clinical Trials identifier; JMA-IIA00395 (Study1) and JMA-IIA00396 (Study2), both trials were retrospectively registered on 26 October, 2018.