Lehmanmeyers6244

In contrast, the cotreatment presented a more efficient way. Nevertheless, BM-MSCs are lacking as a therapy for liver fibrosis; thus, this paper also reviews factors that affect BM-MSC efficiency, such as the implementation routes and strategies employed to enhance the potential in alleviating liver fibrosis. Ultimately, our review summarizes the recent advances in the BM-MSC therapy for liver fibrosis. It is grounded in recent developments underlying the efficiency of BM-MSCs as therapy, focusing on the preclinical in vivo experiments, and comparing to other treatments or sources and the strategies used to enhance its potential while mentioning the research gaps.Artificial intelligence (AI) systems, especially after the successful application of Convolutional Neural Networks, are revolutionizing modern medicine. Gastrointestinal Endoscopy has shown to be a fertile terrain for the development of AI systems aiming to aid endoscopists in various aspects of their daily activity. Lesion detection can be one of the two main aspects in which AI can increase diagnostic yield and abilities of endoscopists. In colonoscopy, it is well known that a substantial rate of missed neoplasia is still present, representing the major cause of interval cancer. In addition, an extremely high variability in adenoma detection rate, the main key quality indicator in colonoscopy, has been extensively reported. The other domain in which AI is believed to have a considerable impact on everyday clinical practice is lesion characterization and aid in "optical diagnosis". By predicting in vivo histology, such pathology costs may be averted by the implementation of two separate but synergistic strategies, namely the "leave-in-situ" strategy for less then 5 mm hyperplastic lesions in the rectosigmoid tract, and "resect and discard" for the other diminutive lesions. In this opinion review we present current available evidence regarding the role of AI in improving lesions' detection and characterization during colonoscopy.Fibroids are ubiquitous in women of the reproductive age group more so in midlife. The cervical fibroids are challenging to operating surgeons because it distorts the surgical anatomy of the pelvis and urogenital system. The metaphor given historically to this condition is apt as the uterus appears like a lantern sitting on the dome of cervical fibroid similar to the dome of the cathedral. Here, we report two cases of cervical fibroid in perimenopausal age group of different sizes managed by following specific steps.Endosalpingiosis is a benign condition characterized by the presence of tubal-type epithelial cells outside the Fallopian tube. It may rarely involve the uterus and present as a cystic or tumor-like mass. We report an unusual case of cystic uterine endosalpingiosis in a postmenopausal female with carcinoma endometrium. Preoperative and intraoperative diagnosis of this condition is challenging. Awareness about this condition in clinicians may help in preventing misdiagnosis and overtreatment.Leiomyomas are benign mesenchymal neoplasms mostly seen in the uterus and are one of the most common pelvic masses seen in women, but primary ovarian leiomyomas are rare among all the benign ovarian tumors, which account only for 0.5%-1%. The definitive diagnosis of such lesions is difficult prior to surgical excision, as there are no pathognomonic symptoms or characteristic imaging findings. Here, we report a case of primary ovarian leiomyoma with brief review of literature, highlighting the differential diagnosis of ovarian spindle cell lesions. The correct diagnosis of an ovarian leiomyoma requires identification of the nature of tumor as smooth muscle. An immunohistochemistry marker analysis is recommended for definitive diagnosis.The double-edged sword effect of tamoxifen therapy on the female reproductive system including the breast is quite well established. However, it is still poorly understood at the molecular level which significantly affects the management of such patients receiving it in terms of therapeutics and prognosis. check details An experience of an extremely rare case of secretory endometrial adenocarcinoma developing due to the adverse effect of tamoxifen used for the treatment of breast cancer in a 60-year-old woman is being described herewith so as to create awareness among the dealing clinicians about the occurrence of rare histological types of endometrial cancer after long-term tamoxifen therapy. The approach to such a case, pathogenesis, differential diagnosis, and a brief literature review is also presented.

The diminishing hormonal concentrations in women after menopause may trap them into a number of reproductive health deficits. Their lifestyle, occupation, dietary constituents, etc., affect the overall health. Unfortunately, women belonging to rural areas lack basic amenities and cultural aspects give them a backseat to pay heed to personal health. Therefore, it is important to take into consideration the demographic profile of rural women.

The objective of the study is to evaluate postmenopausal women of rural Punjab for sociodemographic, reproductive parameters and health issues.

This study analyzed 425 women showing a high rate of illiteracy (74.6%), agricultural occupancy (85.2%), and consumption of vegetarian food (94.4%). The mean age at menarche and menopause was observed as 14.04 ± 1.12 and 47.97 ± 3.4 years, respectively. The most frequent complaints were fatigue (70.4%), backache (69.4), breathing problems (52.2%), and abdominal discomfort (43.1%).

Later age at menopause in women was found concurrent with involvement in agriculture and exposure to pesticides. Delayed menopause may indicate a risk of reproductive cancers while protection in cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, age at menopause and dependent sociodemographic parameters should be considered important tools in determining the reproductive health of aging women. Large-scale studies dealing with this health aspect are warranted at village level.

Later age at menopause in women was found concurrent with involvement in agriculture and exposure to pesticides. Delayed menopause may indicate a risk of reproductive cancers while protection in cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, age at menopause and dependent sociodemographic parameters should be considered important tools in determining the reproductive health of aging women. Large-scale studies dealing with this health aspect are warranted at village level.