Leblancshields0350

Global environmental problems have been increasing with the growth of the world economy and have become a crucial issue. To replace fossil fuels, sustainable and eco-friendly catalysts are required for the removal of organic pollutants. In this study, nickel ferrite (NiFe2O4) was prepared using a simple wet-chemical synthesis, followed by calcination; bismuth phosphate (BiPO4) was also prepared using a hydrothermal method. Further, NiFe2O4/BiPO4 nanocomposites were prepared using a hydrothermal technique. Numerous characterization studies, such as structural, morphology, surface area, optical, photoluminescence, and photoelectrochemical investigations, were used to analyze NiFe2O4/BiPO4 nanocomposites. The morphology analysis indicated a successful decoration of BiPO4 nanorods on the surface of NiFe2O4 nanoplate. Further, the bandgap of the NiFe2O4/BiPO4 nanocomposites was modified owing to the formation of a heterostructure. The as-prepared NiFe2O4/BiPO4 nanocomposite exhibited promising properties to be used as a novel heterostructure for tetracycline (TC) and Rhodamine B (RhB) removal. The NiFe2O4/BiPO4 nanocomposite degrades TC (98%) and RhB (99%) pollutants upon solar-light irradiation within 100 and 60 min, respectively. Moreover, the trapping experiments confirmed the Z-scheme approach of the prepared nanocomposites. The efficient separation and transfer of photogenerated electron-hole pairs rendered by the heterostructure were confirmed by utilizing electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, photocurrent experiments, and photoluminescence. Mott-Schottky measurements were used determine the positions of the conduction and valence bands of the samples, and the detailed mechanism of photocatalytic degradation of toxic pollutants was projected and discussed.The biological toxicity of aquatic ecosystems should be considered when assessing the effects of toxicity on the water environment. The aim of this study was to identify the main pollutants in the Baiyangdian (BYD) and the factors that contribute to biological toxicity. We determined various physical and chemical indicators in the surface water of the BYD, including nutrients and heavy metals, and the biological toxicity. We also explored the sources of the main pollutants and how the pollutants contributed to toxicity in the lake, using correlation analysis and an index of the biological toxicity. The results showed that total nitrogen (TN), ammoniacal nitrogen (NH4+-N), chromium (Cr), and zinc (Zn) were the main pollutants in the BYD surface water. The average concentration of Cr was 2.3 times greater than the Class V threshold, and the concentrations at about 65% of the sampling points, mainly those in the southern part of the BYD, exceeded the threshold standard. The average concentration of Zn was 1.25 tplans for restoring the BYD.A series of novel adsorbents composed of cellulose (CL) with Ca/Al layered double hydroxide (CCxA; where x represent the Ca/Al molar ratio) were prepared for the adsorption of antimony (Sb(V)) and fluoride (F-) ions from aqueous solutions. The CCxA was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), elemental analysis (CHNS/O), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA-DTA), zeta potential, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) analysis. The effects of varying parameters such as dose, pH, contact time, temperature and initial concentration on the adsorption process were investigated. According to the obtained results, the adsorption processes were described by a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. selleck compound Langmuir adsorption isotherm model provided the best fit for the experimental data and was used to describe isotherm constants. The maximum adsorption capacity was found to be 77.2 and 63.1 mg/g for Sb(V) and F-, respectively by CC3A (experimental conditions pH 5.5, time 60 min, dose 15 mg/10 mL, temperature 298 K). The CC3A nanocomposite was able to reduce the Sb(V) and F- ions concentration in synthetic solution to lower than 6 μg/L and 1.5 mg/L, respectively, which are maximum contaminant levels of these elements in drinking water according to WHO guidelines.In this study, a denitrification (DN)-partial nitritation (PN)-anaerobic ammonia oxidation (Anammox) system for the efficient nitrogen removal of mature landfill leachate was built with a zone-partitioning self-reflux biological reactor as the core device, and the effects of changes in seasonal temperature on the nitrogen removal in non-temperature-control environment were explored. The results showed that as the seasonal temperature decreased from 34°C to 11.3°C, the total nitrogen removal rate of the DN-PN-Anammox system gradually decreased from the peak value of 1.42 kg/(m3•day) to 0.49 kg/(m3•day). At low temperatures ( less then 20°C), when the nitrogen load (NLR) of the system is not appropriate, the fluctuation of high NH4+-N concentration in the landfill leachate greatly influenced the stability of the nitrogen removal. At temperatures of 11°C-15°C, the NLR of the system is controlled below 0.5 kg/(m3•day), which can achieve stable nitrogen removal and the nitrogen removal efficiency can reach above 96%. The abundance of Candidatus Brocadia gradually increased with the decrease of temperature. Nitrosomonas, Candidatus Brocadia and Candidatus Kuenenia as the main functional microorganisms in the low temperature.Double-strand breaks (DSBs), one class of the most harmful DNA damage forms that bring elevated health risks, need to be repaired timely and effectively. However, an increasing number of environmental pollutants have been identified to impair DSB repair from various mechanisms. Our previous work indicated that the formation of unsaturated RecA nucleofilaments plays an essential role in homology recombination (HR) pathway which can accurately repair DSBs. In this study, by developing a benzonase cutting protection assay and combining it with traditional electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) analysis, we further investigated the assembly patterns of four RecA mutants that display differential DSB repair ability and ATPase activity. We observed that the mutants (G204S and S69G) possessing both ATP hydrolysis and DSB repair activities form unsaturated nucleofilaments similar to that formed by the wild type RecA, whereas the other two ATP hydrolysis-deficient mutants (K72R and E96D) that fail to mediate HR form more compacted nucleofilaments in the presence of ATP.