Leblancbeck3437

Microglia are central nervous system (CNS) resident immune cells that have been implicated in neuroinflammatory pathogenesis of a variety of neurological conditions. Their manifold context-dependent contributions to neuroinflammation are only beginning to be elucidated, which can be attributed in part to the challenges of studying microglia in vivo and the lack of tractable in vitro systems to study microglia function. Organotypic brain slice cultures offer a tissue-relevant context that enables the study of CNS resident cells and the analysis of brain slice microglial phenotypes has provided important insights, in particular into neuroprotective functions. Here we use RNA sequencing, direct digital quantification of gene expression with nCounter® technology and targeted analysis of individual microglial signature genes, to characterize brain slice microglia relative to acutely-isolated counterparts and 2-dimensional (2D) primary microglia cultures, a widely used in vitro surrogate. Analysis using single cell on their physiology.

Intravesical chemotherapy instillation immediately after tumor resection is a well-known practice in the management of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. Despite being largely well tolerated in most cases, it is not devoid of severe and life-threatening complications.

We present an unusual case of bladder perforation that happened 2 weeks after bladder tumor resection. The patient had received single dose intra-vesical instillation of doxorubicin after TUR-BT. Conservative managements failed to achieve bladder healing; as a result, open surgical repair was performed. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of bladder perforation after intra-vesical doxorubicin instillation.

The occurrence of such a rare serious complication in a mostly safe intervention must be taken into consideration. A high index of suspicion, timely management, and proceeding to more invasive surgical treatments when necessary are cornerstones in the management and preserving the bladder.

The occurrence of such a rare serious complication in a mostly safe intervention must be taken into consideration. A high index of suspicion, timely management, and proceeding to more invasive surgical treatments when necessary are cornerstones in the management and preserving the bladder.Graph signal processing (GSP) is an important methodology for studying data residing on irregular structures. As acquired data is increasingly taking the form of multi-way tensors, new signal processing tools are needed to maximally utilize the multi-way structure within the data. In this paper, we review modern signal processing frameworks generalizing GSP to multi-way data, starting from graph signals coupled to familiar regular axes such as time in sensor networks, and then extending to general graphs across all tensor modes. This widely applicable paradigm motivates reformulating and improving upon classical problems and approaches to creatively address the challenges in tensor-based data. We synthesize common themes arising from current efforts to combine GSP with tensor analysis and highlight future directions in extending GSP to the multi-way paradigm.

The early period after tooth extraction is a critical period for wound healing. Wound healing after tooth extraction is considered secondary intention healing. It passes through several stages in the following order hemostasis, inflammatory phase, proliferative phase, and finally the remodeling phase.Wounds usually heal normally unless there is interference by local or systemic factors. In certain circumstances, early wound healing can be enhanced by several interventions such as antibiotics, mouthwashes, or topical medications. Myrrh has been used as a topical medication for promoting wound healing after tooth extraction. The purpose of this study was to assess the wound healing effect of myrrh mouthwash during the early post-extraction period.

We enrolled 40 healthy adult patients in this study (20 study group and 20 control group). All the activities performed for each group were double-blinded. All the participants underwent dental extraction under local anesthesia using standard protocol. Next, the study group used

(myrrh) extract as a mouthwash while the control group used normal saline mouthwash. The participants used the mouthwashes twice a day for 7days starting from the first post-extraction day. Clinical examination data were recorded and analyzed using the Mann Whitney Wilcoxon test.

There was a statistically significant between-group difference in postoperative surgical-site edema, tenderness, and socket size, with the test group showing greater improvements.

Myrrh mouthwash has an enhancement effect on wound healing during the early period after tooth extraction.

Myrrh mouthwash has an enhancement effect on wound healing during the early period after tooth extraction.

To assess the relationship between the presence of periodontal disease and halitosis.

A total of 120 patients were enrolled and divided into 2 groups, 60 patients with probing depth (PD)>3.0mm (group 1) and 60 patients with PD≤3.0mm (group 2). Clinical parameters including, plaque index (PI), bleeding index (BI), and PD were obtained. Breath samples were collected and analyzed using a portable gas chromatograph to measure the concentration of volatile sulfur compounds (VSC).

Halitosis was found to affect 58.3% of the total patients. The means of PI, BI, and VSC were significantly higher in group 1 (PD>3.0mm) than in group 2 (PD≤3mm).

The percentage of patients suffering from halitosis in the Saudi population are comparatively high. In addition, there was a positive association between periodontal disease and halitosis.

The percentage of patients suffering from halitosis in the Saudi population are comparatively high. In addition, there was a positive association between periodontal disease and halitosis.

This study aimed to assess the clinical and radiographic findings obtained by using amniotic membrane (AM) to cover nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) bone grafts coated with platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) and thereby evaluate the osseointegration of posterior mandibular implants inserted simultaneously during alveolar piezoelectric ridge splitting technique (RST).

A prospective cohort study was implemented with thirty patients who had a narrow posterior mandibular alveolar ridge and required implant restoration. Patients were distributed randomly into three groups (group I treated by piezoelectric RST and immediate implant insertion, augmented by the nHA bone graft only; group II treated by piezoelectric RST augmented by nHA bone graft and covered by AM; while group III was treated by piezoelectric RST augmented with PRF and nHA graft and covered by AM). Patients were evaluated clinically to assess the implant stability quotient (ISQ) and radiographically to assess horizontal ridge dimension, crestal bone level (CBL) significantly increase bone density around the osseointegrated implant and decrease bone resorption in comparison to that achieved with the graft alone.Evaluating the bond strength of fiberglass posts cemented with different resin cements.

Seventy freshly extracted roots of healthy human canines were endodontically treated and prepared to receive fiberglass posts. The roots were randomly divided into seven groups (G1) RelyX ARC, (G2) Enforce, (G3) BisCem, (G4) Duo-Link, (G5) Cement Post, (G6) Variolink II, and (G7) RelyX U200. After post cementation, the specimens were sectioned perpendicularly to the root axis using a high-speed diamond disc, totaling 340 specimens. The strength values obtained in the push-out test were submitted to two-factor ANOVA and Tukey test (p=0.05).

The root thirds (p=0.001) and the type of cement (p=0.001) influenced the bond strength values. The relation between these two factors was also significant (p=0.011).

The bond strength of self-adhesive resin cements was significantly higher as compared to other cements. Besides the cervical third in roots cemented with conventional cements types presented the highest bond strength values (p<0.05).

The bond strength of self-adhesive resin cements was significantly higher as compared to other cements. Besides the cervical third in roots cemented with conventional cements types presented the highest bond strength values (p less then 0.05).

The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance and to assess the postoperative sequel and quality of life after removal of impacted mandibular third molars using piezoelectric surgery compared with conventional rotatory osteotomy.

A single blinded, randomized, control clinical study was performed. Sixty-three patients (44 males, 19 females) who presented with bilaterally asymptomatic impacted mandibular third molars were included in this analysis. Each patient was treated, at two separate sessions approximately 4weeks apart, with a conventional rotatory hand piece on one side of the mandible and a piezoelectric device on the contralateral side. Patients were followed up on postoperative days 1, 3, 5, 7, and 15 to rate the pain, swelling and trismus. Inferior alveolar nerve paresthesia was evaluated up to 12months postoperatively.

The severity of the pain, trismus and swelling using the piezosurgery were significantly different from the rotary group. In both groups, pain was most intense and peaked during the first post-operative day, while swelling and trismus reached peak levels on the third postoperative day. The piezoelectric procedure resulted in a significantly longer procedural duration compared to the rotatory surgery (

<0.001).

Piezoelectric surgery is considered a viable alternative technique compared to the conventional rotary systems and can improve a patient's quality of life. Thus, piezoelectric surgery might be a preferred modality for patients undergoing complicated surgical extraction of impacted lower third molars.

Piezoelectric surgery is considered a viable alternative technique compared to the conventional rotary systems and can improve a patient's quality of life. Thus, piezoelectric surgery might be a preferred modality for patients undergoing complicated surgical extraction of impacted lower third molars.

This systematic review aims to assess the efficacy chlorhexidine chip as an adjunctive therapy of scaling and root planning on periodontal disease treatment.

This study follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines (PRISMA) and was registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42019148221). The search was performed in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Cochrane databases until April 2020. The PICO question was "Is the chlorhexidine chip (CHX) effective as an adjunctive therapy of scaling and root planning on periodontal disease treatment?". Inclusion criteria involved randomized controlled clinical trials, with a minimum of 15 patients included on the sample and each patient has two sites of probing depth of ≥5mm; The minimum follow up was at least 1months of follow-up and the outcomes present in the studies probing depth (PD), plaque index (PI) and clinical attachment level (CAL) after scaling and root planning (SRP).

After searching the databases, 13 articles were selected for qualitative and 8 for quantitative analysis.