Laustsenmohr2060

Only PI3Kδ inhibition and IL5 neutralization reduced the infiltration of inflammatory eosinophils. Moreover, PI3Kδ inhibition reduced goblet cell metaplasia.

Hence, we show that PI3Kδ inhibition dampens allergic inflammatory responses by ablating key cell types and cytokines involved in T-helper-2-driven inflammatory responses.

Hence, we show that PI3Kδ inhibition dampens allergic inflammatory responses by ablating key cell types and cytokines involved in T-helper-2-driven inflammatory responses.

Growth differentiation factor (GDF)-15 is linked to inflammation, cancer, and atherosclerosis. GDF-15 is expressed in most tissues but is extremely induced under pathological conditions. Elevated serum levels are suggested as a risk factor and a marker for cardiovascular diseases. However, the cellular sources and the effects of GDF-15 on the cardiovascular system have not been completely elucidated including progression, and morphology of atherosclerotic plaques. Thus, this work aimed to characterize the influence of GDF-15 deficiency on the morphology of atherosclerotic plaques in blood vessels with low-oxygen blood and low blood pressure as the pulmonary trunk (PT), in hypercholesterolemic ApoE

mice.

GDF-15

ApoE

mice were generated by crossbreeding of ApoE

- and GDF-15

mice. After feeding a cholesterol-enriched diet (CED) for 20weeks, samples of the brachiocephalic trunk (BT) and PT were dissected and lumen stenosis (LS) was measured. Furthermore, changes in the cellularity of the PT, amounts in these two vessels seem to exist.A cross-section pilot study was done to determine the knowledge and belief toward new COVID-19 vaccines among a small sample size group of people. A new Vaccine Acceptability Questionnaire (VAQ) consists of 31 questions that were concerned about three elements underlying factors, knowledge, and beliefs. The study included 96 people from the different regions of Saudi Arabia who had accepted to participate in this pilot study. Around 31% of the included people had low to very low acceptability toward COVID-19 vaccines; however, the other 69% had moderate to high acceptability. The new simple designed questionnaire (VAQ) could be effective in assessing knowledge, beliefs, and acceptability toward COVID-19 vaccination among a specific group of population.Vaccine-associated hypermetabolic lymphadenopathy (VAHL) has been reported as a common post-vaccination side effect, especially with mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines. Most VAHL cases present normal or enlarged regional lymph nodes close to the injection site, usually with mild-moderate FDG (18 F-Fluorodeoxyglucose) uptake on FDG positron emission tomography (PET)/CT. Here, we describe the case of a 33-year-old woman with past history of Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma (CHL) who underwent follow-up FDG PET/CT 3 days (d) after the first dose of the adenovirus-vectored Oxford-AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine. FDG PET/CT showed unexpected small hypermetabolic cervical and abdominal lymph nodes in the same location as at the onset of the disease, suggesting radiological relapse. Considering temporal relationship and other cases of VAHL, a new image was performed 2 months later, which revealed decreased lymph nodes and normalization of FDG uptake. This case illustrates that the possibility of a false-positive should always be considered by physicians in this new context, even when hypermetabolic lymph nodes appear far from the vaccination site.

Individuals working with biological samples in Indian universities are at risk for occupational exposure to hepatitis B virus (HBV) and may not be vaccinated.

We documented the need for HBV vaccination in students and others, developed an institutional HBV vaccination program, delivered HBV vaccines, and then assessed the determinants of vaccine uptake.

Over a year, we conducted a prospective cohort study documenting the need for HBV vaccination in people working with biological materials in a major Indian institution, developed a HBV vaccination program, delivered HBV vaccines, and assessed determinants of vaccine uptake. In August 2018, a needs assessment determined exposure to blood, body fluids, and other potentially infectious material in the research setting, followed in September by a cross-sectional survey on HBV vaccination status. Institutional approval for vaccination followed in October, and vaccine clinics began in February 2019. In September, a follow-up survey investigated determinants of vaccine uptake.

A total of 185 people participated in the baseline HBV vaccination status survey. AGI-24512 in vivo Only 26% of students, staff, and faculty were fully vaccinated for HBV. Over 70% of the target group came forward for vaccination and >90% completed all doses. Getting vaccinated with peers strongly influenced vaccine uptake, as did availability of free vaccine, onsite clinics, and reminders.

HBV vaccination programs for individuals at occupational risk are needed in Indian academic institutions beyond medical schools as part of institutional biosafety programs.

HBV vaccination programs for individuals at occupational risk are needed in Indian academic institutions beyond medical schools as part of institutional biosafety programs.Human papilloma virus (HPV) is the most common reproductive tract virus. Most HPV infections occur during adolescence or young adulthood, and thus college students are one of the main target populations of HPV vaccination. However, data on knowledge of HPV and HPV vaccine as well as the intention to be vaccinated among Chinese college students were limited. The purpose of this study was to address this gap by investigating a sample of college students from four universities and analyzing the factors influencing their intention. College students (N = 343) filled in a survey comprised of demographic information, HPV and vaccine knowledge, and vaccination intention between September 2018 and January 2019. A descriptive statistical analysis was conducted to describe students' HPV-related knowledge and vaccination intention. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the predictors of HPV vaccination intention. The participants had low levels of HPV and HPV vaccine-related knowledge, as well as modest intention to be vaccinated. Significant differences were identified in gender, years of study, and perceived susceptibility of HPV infection. Students who perceived higher risk of HPV infection (OR = 6.659, p = .001), had higher level knowledge of HPV vaccine (OR = 2.697, p less then .001), in junior (OR = 0.186, p = .006) and senior year (OR = 0.276, p = .015) had greater intention to get HPV vaccinated. The findings suggest that multiple-level efforts are continuously needed to target Chinese college students to increase their HPV vaccine knowledge and vaccination awareness to reduce HPV-related disease burden among this population.Given the high efficiency in phosphorus removal at municipal wastewater treatment plants (MMWWTP), sewage sludge constitutes a promising resource for phosphorus (P) recovery. Sewage sludge is, however, a complex matrix and its direct use as fertiliser is limited by its content of metals/metalloids and organic pollutants. In order to increase its usability as a potential resource of P, there is a need for increased knowledge on phosphorus speciation in these matrices. The sludge composition is highly influenced by local conditions (i.e. wastewater composition and treatment method), and it is therefore important to study sludge from several MMWWTPs. In this study, three different protocols for sequential extraction were utilised to investigate the chemical speciation of phosphorus in sludge from three different MMWWTP sludges in Sweden, as well as in corresponding ashes following incineration. The results showed that the total amounts of phosphorus ranged from 26 to 32 mg g-1 sludge (dry weight), of which 79-94% was inorganically bound (IP). In the sludge, 21-30% of the IP was associated with calcium (Ca-P), which is the preferred species for fertiliser production. Following incineration, this fraction increased to 54-56%, mainly due to transformation of iron-associated phosphorus (Fe-P), while aluminium-associated species of phosphorus (Al-P) remained unaltered. The results from this study confirm that incineration is a suitable treatment for sewage sludge in terms of potential phosphorus recovery.

Advance care planning allows patients to share their preferences for medical care with the aim of ensuring goal-concordant care in times of serious illness. The morbidity and mortality of the COVID-19 pandemic has increased the importance and public visibility of advance care planning. However, little is known about the frequency and quality of advance care planning documentation during the pandemic.

This study examined the frequency, quality, and predictors of advance care planning documentation among hospitalized medical patients with and without COVID-19.

This retrospective cohort analysis used multivariate logistic regression to identify factors associated with advance care planning documentation.

This study included all adult patients tested for COVID-19 and admitted to a tertiary medical center in San Francisco, CA during March 2020.

Among 262 patients, 31 (11.8%) tested positive and 231 (88.2%) tested negative for SARS-CoV-2. The rate of advance care planning documentation was 38.7% in patien consultation to ensure timely, patient-centered advance care planning.

Retrospective cohort study.

This study aimed to report the incidence and potential risk factors of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) cage subsidence following oblique lateral interbody fusion (OLIF) for lumbar degenerative diseases. We proposed also an algorithm to minimize subsidence following OLIF surgery.

The study included a retrospective cohort of 107 consecutive patients (48 men and 59 women; mean age, 67.4years) who had received either single- or multi-level OLIF between 2012 and 2019. Patients were classified into subsidence and non-subsidence groups. PEEK cage subsidence was defined as any violation of either endplate from the computed tomography scan in both sagittal and coronal views. Preoperative variables such as age, sex, body mass index, bone mineral density (BMD) measured by preoperative dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, smoking status, corticosteroid use, diagnosis, operative level, multifidus muscle cross-sectional area, and multifidus muscle fatty degeneration were collected. Age-related variables (height and length) were also documented. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to analyze the risk factors of subsidence.

Of the 107 patients (137 levels), 50 (46.7%) met the subsidence criteria. Higher PEEK cage height had the strongest association with subsidence (OR = 9.59,

< .001). Other factors significantly associated with cage subsistence included age >60years (OR = 3.15,

= .018), BMD <-2.5 (OR = 2.78,

= .006), and severe multifidus muscle fatty degeneration (OR = 1.97,

= .023).

Risk factors for subsidence in OLIF were age >60years, BMD < -2.5, higher cage height, and severe multifidus muscle fatty degeneration. Patients who had subsidence had worse early (3months) postoperative back and leg pain.

60 years, BMD less then -2.5, higher cage height, and severe multifidus muscle fatty degeneration. Patients who had subsidence had worse early (3 months) postoperative back and leg pain.