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pecific interventions.BACKGROUND Data regarding the parameters of the coracoid process and glenoid width are insufficient, and information on gender, age, and ethnic differences in the parameters appear lacking in the Chinese population. This study aimed to investigate the morphometric parameters in the coracoid process and glenoid width. METHODS Using our institution's electronic database, we selected 84 patients (55 males and 29 females) who underwent a shoulder computed tomography (CT) scan from January 2017 to May 2018 in this study. Mimics19.0 software was used for three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of CT and to measure the morphometric parameters of the coracoid process and glenoid width. Subgroup analyses stratified by gender and age were conducted and the parameters were compared with previously published reports. All data were statistically analysed by SPSS23.0 Statistical Package. RESULTS A positive and significant relationship between the coracoid process and the glenoid width (R > 0.758, P 0.05), whereas significant differences in almost all parameters between the ethnic groups were observed (P less then 0.05). CONCLUSION Our results could supplement the information in the shoulder joint database with morphometric parameters and provide a reference for theoretical research on coracoid osteotomy, which may in turn help surgeons in the evaluation of coracoid process transfer.BACKGROUND Osteoporosis incidence in children is increasing due to the increased survival rate of patients suffering from chronic diseases and the increased use of drugs that can damage bones. Recent changes made to the definition of childhood osteoporosis, along with the lack of guidelines or national consensuses regarding its diagnosis and treatment, have resulted in a wide variability in the approaches used to treat this disease. For these reasons, the Osteogenesis Imperfecta and Childhood Osteoporosis Working Group of the Spanish Society of Pediatric Rheumatology has sounded the need for developing guidelines to standardize clinical practice with regard to this pathology. METHODS An expert panel comprised of 6 pediatricians and 5 rheumatologists carried out a qualitative literature review and provided recommendations based on evidence, when that was available, or on their own experience. PTX inhibitor manufacturer The level of evidence was determined for each section using the Oxford Centre for Evidence-based Medicine (CEBM) systemimproving bone health, not only in children and adolescents, but also in the adults they will become in the future.BACKGROUND The current understanding of the genetic basis of complex human diseases is that they are caused and affected by many common and rare genetic variants. A considerable number of the disease-associated variants have been identified by Genome Wide Association Studies, however, they can explain only a small proportion of heritability. One of the possible reasons for the missing heritability is that many undiscovered disease-causing variants are weakly associated with the disease. This can pose serious challenges to many statistical methods, which seems to be only capable of identifying disease-associated variants with relatively stronger coefficients. RESULTS In order to help identify weaker variants, we propose a novel statistical method, Constrained Sparse multi-locus Linear Mixed Model (CS-LMM) that aims to uncover genetic variants of weaker associations by incorporating known associations as a prior knowledge in the model. Moreover, CS-LMM accounts for polygenic effects as well as corrects for complex relatednesses. Our simulation experiments show that CS-LMM outperforms other competing existing methods in various settings when the combinations of MAFs and coefficients reflect different scenarios in complex human diseases. CONCLUSIONS We also apply our method to the GWAS data of alcoholism and Alzheimer's disease and exploratively discover several SNPs. Many of these discoveries are supported through literature survey. Furthermore, our association results strengthen the belief in genetic links between alcoholism and Alzheimer's disease.BACKGROUND The penetration level of mobile technology has grown exponentially and is part of our lifestyle, at all levels. link2 The use of the smartphone has opened up a new horizon of possibilities in the treatment of health, not in vain, around 40% of existing applications are linked to the mHealth segment. Taking advantage of this circumstance to study new approaches in the treatment of obesity and prescription of physical activity is growing interest in the field of health. The primary outcome (obese adult women) will be assessed according to age, fitness status, weight, and body composition status. Data will be collected at enrollment and weekly during 6 months of intervention on dietary practices, physical activity, anthropometry, and body composition. Analysis of effect will be performed comparing the outcomes between intervention and control arms. The message delivery is in progress. link3 METHODS A 3-arm clinical trial was established. A series of quantitative and qualitative measures were used to evaluate the ersity and registered in the platform clinicaltrials.gov. The results will be published in peer-reviewed journals and analysis data will be made public.INTRODUCTION The aim of this study is to identify the profiles of young people who use drugs (YPUD) and their exposure to HIV risks in the 3 main cities of Vietnam, Haiphong, Hanoi, and Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), in order to design a community-based intervention to prevent HIV. METHODS A survey using respondent-driven sampling (RDS) was conducted among YPUD aged 16-24. Participants were eligible if they reported drug use, confirmed by a urine test. After obtaining informed consent, they were screened for HIV/HCV and assessed using face-to-face questionnaires and self-report. A cluster analysis was conducted, taking into account risk behaviors and confirmed HIV-positive status. RESULTS Seven hundred and three YPUD aged 16-24 were recruited between October 2016 and February 2017, 584 of whom were included in the final analysis. Median age was 21 (17.7, 23.0); 79% were male, 18% female, and 2% transgender. Methamphetamines use was reported by 77%, followed by cannabis (51%) and heroin (17%); polydrug use was commoD are the most exposed to risk and need immediate attention. Sexual exposure to HIV is very common. Mental health is a major concern. Interventions need to be integrated in a differentiated but holistic approach.BACKGROUND Reablement has potential for enhancing function and independence in people with dementia. In order to enhance the use of evidence-based reablement in this population, this study sought to understand the current practices and needs of the sector around these interventions. METHODS A purposive sample of 22 Australian aged and community-care providers participated in a semi-structured interview. Qualitative content analysis was applied to the data, with key themes interpreted within the context of the study aims to explore (1) what reablement interventions are currently being offered to people living with dementia in Australia, and (2) what are key factors that will contribute to enhanced uptake of reablement interventions in dementia practice. RESULTS Four themes emerged (1) 'what reablement interventions are being offered', outlined a range of exercise and cognitive/social interventions, with only a proportion generated from a clear evidence-base, (2) 'what's in a name', illustrated the range of terms used to describe reablement, (3) 'whose role is it', highlighted the confusion around the range of health professionals involved in providing reablement interventions, and (4) 'perceived barriers and enablers to providing reablement to people living with dementia', described a range of factors that both hinder and support current reablement practice. CONCLUSIONS Reablement interventions currently provided for people living with dementia in Australia are variable, with confusion around the definition of reablement, and apparently limited use of evidence-informed interventions. A multifaceted approach involving an evidence-informed and freely-accessible resource, and taking into account the varied levels of influence within the aged care sector would support uptake and implementation of reablement interventions for people living with dementia.BACKGROUND In cancer, mutations of DNA methylation modification genes have crucial roles for epigenetic modifications genome-wide, which lead to the activation or suppression of important genes including tumor suppressor genes. Mutations on the epigenetic modifiers could affect the enzyme activity, which would result in the difference in genome-wide methylation profiles and, activation of downstream genes. Therefore, we investigated the effect of mutations on DNA methylation modification genes such as DNMT1, DNMT3A, MBD1, MBD4, TET1, TET2 and TET3 through a pan-cancer analysis. METHODS First, we investigated the effect of mutations in DNA methylation modification genes on genome-wide methylation profiles. We collected 3,644 samples that have both of mRNA and methylation data from 12 major cancer types in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). The samples were divided into two groups according to the mutational signature. Differentially methylated regions (DMR) that overlapped with the promoter region were selected ugene set that effected by DNA methylation modifiers. Consequently, we identified 54 hypomethylated promoter DMR up-regulated DEGs in LAML and 45 hypermethylated promoter DMR down-regulated DEGs in COAD. CONCLUSIONS Our study on DNA methylation modification genes in mutated vs. non-mutated groups could provide useful insight into the epigenetic regulation of DEGs in cancer.BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to characterize the cognitive performance of individuals with animal hoarding. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study, in which 33 individuals between the ages of 29 to 84 (M = 61.39; SD = 12.69) with animal hoarding have been assessed. The participants completed a neurocognitive battery including measures of general cognitive functioning, visual memory and organization, verbal fluency, and verbal reasoning. RESULTS Data suggest that individuals with animal hoarding have high rates of cognitive deficits related to visual memory and verbal reasoning. CONCLUSIONS Based on the performance tests used, we can suggest the existence of cognitive difficulties related especially to the executive functions of individuals with animal hoarding in this sample.BACKGROUND Pneumonia and possible serious bacterial infection (PSBI) are leading causes of death among under-five children. The World Health Organization (WHO) issued global recommendations for the case management of childhood pneumonia and PSBI when referral is not feasible with oral amoxicillin. However, few governments to date have incorporated child-friendly amoxicillin dispersible tablets (DT) into their national treatment guidelines and policies. We aimed to understand the key drivers to the implementation of WHO recommendations for childhood pneumonia and PSBI using amoxicillin DT in Bangladesh. METHODS A qualitative study was conducted from October 2017 to March 2018 in two districts of Bangladesh. Interviews were completed with 67 participants consisting of government officials and key stakeholders, international development agencies, health service providers (HSPs), and caregivers of young children diagnosed and treated with amoxicillin for pneumonia or PSBI. Data were analyzed thematically. RESULTS Policies and operational planning emerged as paramount to ensuring access to essential medicines for childhood pneumonia and PSBI.