Lauritsenregan9160

Novel nanoparticles (NPs) were constructed with lysozyme (LY) and pectin (Ps) through self-assembly, which were used as a carrier to encapsulate epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG). The binding of EGCG and LY is a static quenching process. (S)-(+)-Camptothecin Hydrogen bonds might play a major role in the formation of NPs, which has also been verified by a lower binding constant of EGCG with LY/Ps NPs. Meanwhile, EGCG could lead to conformational and microenvironmental changes of LY, resulting in more folding of LY secondary structures. In addition, attaching Ps to LY might inhibit LY aggregation induced by addition of free EGCG. At the LY/Ps mass ratio of 11, the constructed LY/Ps NPs had a high EGCG-loading capacity without a significant change in mean particle size, thus, our NPs could be used as an effective nanocarrier for loading EGCG. In vivo, compared with free EGCG, EGCG loaded onto LY/Ps NPs significantly increased Caenorhabditis elegans' (C. elegans) resistance to heat stress and oxidative injury and prolonged their lifespan. This study provides theoretical basis and reference for constructing nanoactive substance carriers so as to improve the resistance of organisms to heat stress and oxidative damage and to increase their survival rate and extend their lifespan under environment stresses.

Mixtures play a key role in Food Science and Technology. For studying them, rational approaches should be used. In detail, the experimental designs for mixtures are useful tools for studying the effects of ingredients/components in formulations.

Food Science and Technology is the fourth category among the total records considered in this review. The applications span from food formulation to the composition of modified atmosphere, shelf-life improvement and bioactives extraction. However, the majority of the studies regards few products and ingredients. Simplex-lattice and simplex-centroid designs are the most common used, although some optimal designs, such as the D-optimal, have also interesting applications. Finally, some issues are highlighted, which basically regard the interpretation of the models coefficients and the lack of model validation.

In the last decade, mixture designs have been fairly used in the field of Food Science and Technology. Modeling the response(s) allows researchers to achieve a global knowledge of the system under study within the defined experimental domain. However, the majority of application has regarded limited classes of products, and thus an increase in the spectrum of applications is desired.

In the last decade, mixture designs have been fairly used in the field of Food Science and Technology. Modeling the response(s) allows researchers to achieve a global knowledge of the system under study within the defined experimental domain. However, the majority of application has regarded limited classes of products, and thus an increase in the spectrum of applications is desired.Melamine-resin microspheres were synthesized at a pH of 4.0 for 20 min and used as silver nanoparticle (AgNP) carriers for surface enhanced resonant Raman scattering (SERRS) detection. An acetic acid-treatment reaction was introduced into the fabrication of the final substrate. The SERRS performance of the substrate was effectively optimized by regulating excess formaldehyde and experimental parameters, such as acidity, number of treatments and reaction temperature in the acid-treatment reaction. Based on the SERRS detection, it was declared that a trace amount of oligomers with a certain degree of polymerization is necessary for the construction of SERRS hotspots. In addition, it is important to remove excess oligomers with reference to the synthetic reaction of the polymer materials, given the special role of oligomers and the wide application of polymer materials in SERRS detection.The present Special Issue of Antioxidants, entitled The Significance of Redox Biomarkers in the Evaluation of the Antioxidant Profile In Vitro and In Vivo, ten research articles emphasize the significance of adopting reliable redox biomarkers to determine the antioxidant activities of bioactive compounds in vitro and to assess blood and tissue redox status in vivo [...].Surfactant liquid-membrane type sensors are usually made of a PVC, ionophore and a plasticizer. Plasticizers soften the PVC. Due to their lipophilicity, they influence the ion exchange across the membrane, ionophore solubility, membrane resistance and, consequently, the analytical signal. We used the DMI-TPB as an ionophore, six different plasticizers [2-nitrophenyl-octyl-ether (P1), bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (P2), bis(2-ethylhexyl) sebacate (P3), 2-nitrophenyl phenyl ether (P4), dibutyl phthalate (P5) and dibutyl sebacate (P6)] and a PVC to produce ionic surfactant sensors. Sensor formulation with P1 showed the best potentiometric response to four usually used cationic surfactant, with the lowest LOD, 7 × 10-7 M; and potentiometric titration curves with well-defined and sharp inflexion points. The sensor with P6 showed the lowest analytical performances. Surfactant sensor with P1 was selected for quantification of cationic surfactant in model solutions and commercial samples of disinfectants and antiseptics. It showed high accuracy and precision in all determinations, with recovery from 98.2 to 99.6, and good agreement with the results obtained with surfactant sensor used as a referent one, and a standard two-phase titration method. RDS values were lower than 0.5% for all determinations.Cognitive dysfunction is one of the core symptoms in schizophrenia, and it is predictive of functional outcomes and therefore useful for treatment targets. Rather than improving cognitive deficits, currently available antipsychotics mainly focus on positive symptoms, targeting dopaminergic/serotoninergic neurons and receptors in the brain. Apart from investigating the neural mechanisms underlying schizophrenia, emerging evidence indicates the importance of glial cells in brain structure development and their involvement in cognitive functions. Although the etiopathology of astrocytes in schizophrenia remains unclear, accumulated evidence reveals that alterations in gene expression and astrocyte products have been reported in schizophrenic patients. To further investigate the role of astrocytes in schizophrenia, we highlighted recent progress in the investigation of the effect of astrocytes on abnormalities in glutamate transmission and impairments in the blood-brain barrier. Recent advances in animal models and behavioral methods were introduced to examine schizophrenia-related cognitive deficits and negative symptoms.