Laugregory7783

Exposure to pesticides and consumption of high-fat diets are widespread in society. Reports have shown that exposure to glyphosate and a high-fat diet can cause gastrointestinal disorders and increase susceptibility to obesity. Thus, this study evaluated the impacts of perinatal exposure to glyphosate followed by consumption of a high-fat diet in adulthood on the histology and morphometry of jejunums and enteric nervous system of C57BL/6 mice.

After mating, 20 C57BL/6 female mice were separated into a control group (CG) and a glyphosate group (GLY) that received water with 0.5% glyphosate. After the lactation period, some male offspring were randomly separated into CG-SD and GLY-SD (standard diet) groups or CG-HD and GLY-HD (high-fat diet) groups. After 12weeks, jejunum samples were collected and submitted to histological analysis.

Indirect exposure to glyphosate changed the morphometry of the intestinal wall, increased the proportion of intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) and goblet cells, and altered the area occupied by collagen fibers. The hyperlipidemic diet hypertrophied the jejunal total wall, total muscular and submucosal layers, decreased IELs, and increased the proportion of goblet cells. GLY-HD mice had shallower crypts, shorter villi, and less goblet cells and IELs than mice from GLY-SD group. GLY-HD also showed an increased number of neurons in myenteric and submucosal plexuses. Groups exposed to glyphosate and/or fed a high-fat diet had atrophied submucosal neurons.

This study suggests that perinatal glyphosate exposure combined with a high-fat diet in adulthood increases the risk of jejunum inflammation and dysfunction.

This study suggests that perinatal glyphosate exposure combined with a high-fat diet in adulthood increases the risk of jejunum inflammation and dysfunction.

Growth and differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is a stress-related factor, which implicated in various diseases. This study aimed to investigate the role of GDF15 in LPS-mediated inflammation and to explore the potential underlying molecular mechanisms in human nasal epithelial cells (HNEpCs).

HNEpCs were treated with LPS. GDF15 loss-of-function and gain-of-function experiments were performed. The expression of GDF15 by quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR). The mRNA levels and secretion of inflammatory cytokines and MUC5AC were assessed by RT-qPCR and ELISA kits. LY294002 (PI3K inhibitor) and 740Y-P (PI3K agonist) were utilized to interfere with PI3k/Akt pathway. The relationship between GDF15 and ATF4 was identified by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and luciferase reporter assay.

We observed that LPS triggered GDF15 expression. GDF15 ablation reduced the mRNA levels and secretion of inflammatory cytokines. GSK484 GDF15 silencing led to the reduction of the MUC5AC mRNA level, protein level and secretion in response to LPS. Enhanced expression of GDF15 showed the opposite results. Furthermore, we found that GDF15 deficiency inhibited activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway, LY294002 treatment further enhanced the role of GDF15 suppression in inflammation and MUC5AC expression, while 740Y-P administration partly reversed the biological activities of GDF15 silencing. ATF4 could bind to the promoter of GDF15 and positively regulate GDF15 expression. Depression of ATF4 diminished the secretion of inflammatory cytokines and MUC5AC via regulation of GDF15.

Our data suggest that GDF15 is regulated by ATF4 and suppresses LPS-induced inflammation and MUC5AC in human nasal epithelial cells through the PI3K/Akt pathway.

Our data suggest that GDF15 is regulated by ATF4 and suppresses LPS-induced inflammation and MUC5AC in human nasal epithelial cells through the PI3K/Akt pathway.The aim of this study is to compare the typical peak ElectroMagnetic (EM) exposures from smart phones during data transmission and voice calls, respectively, in the typical Western-European city of Leuven, Belgium. Since transmission powers towards the outdoor network in an indoor environment are expected to be higher than in an outdoor environment, measurements were executed indoors. The influence of factors like network generation [2G, 3G, and 4G] and choice of mobile operator was also investigated. The most important conclusion of the study is that there is a huge difference between peak exposures generated by the 3 network generations currently active in Leuven. To the average, in many cases the peak exposure for 3G is more than a factor 20 lower than for 2G, and about a factor 5-10 lower than for 4G. These numbers are much higher than expected. There are also systematic differences between peak exposures for data mode and voice mode.Several cardiovascular conditions exhibit seasonality in frequency and mortality, but little is known about the seasonality of Venous ThromboEmbolism (VTE), a very relevant medical condition, and seasonal influences are still conflicting. Patients having co-morbidities, individual suffered from dyspnea, swelling, edema of lower limb, pain (chest, lower limbs) are admitted frequently to the hospital emergency room (HER), particularly. Both mark a potential risk for VTE, that can be increased also by seasonality. A four years retrospective analysis (2016-2019) was carried out in individuals and patients admitted to the HER of the Hospital of Catania (a Mediterranean city of Sicily, Italy) to evaluate the VTE frequency and its seasonal differences, common symptoms, potential usage of some common laboratory tests. Dyspnea, swelling, edema of lower limb and pain (chest, lower limbs) were considered to suspect pulmonary embolism (PE) or for deep vein thrombosis of lower limb (DVT). Platelet count, platelet volume, cific symptoms, and confirms the common lab tests for individuals and patients admitted to HER as simple and helpful tools in initiating none or mini-invasive diagnostic strategy for the VTE. Finally, the climate/seasonality coupled with latitude can have a direct influence on the incidence of DVT.In the present study, carbon-dots (CDs) were derived from the thermal oxidation of an agricultural waste, bitter tea residue, to obtain different sp2/sp3 ratios and electronic structures for metal sensing. The CDs obtained from calcination at 700 °C exhibited the highest photoluminescence (PL) quantum yield (QY) of 11.8% among all the samples treated at different temperatures. These CDs had a high degree of graphitization, which resulted in a strong π-π* electron transition, and hence in a high QY. The strong photoluminescence of the CDs could be used to sense the metal ions Ag+, Sr2+, Fe2+, Fe3+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, and Sn2+ by monitoring their PL intensity at an excitation wavelength of 320 nm. The metals inhibited the PL intensity in the order Ag+ > Fe2+, Fe3+, Ni2+ > Sr2+, Co2+, Cu2+, Sn2+, which demonstrated that the CDs exhibited high metal ion detection capability and selectivity. The detection of Fe3+ using CDs was performed in the range of 10-100 ppm with a LOD (limit of detection) value of 0.380 ppm. Theoretical calculations demonstrated that Ag+, Sr2+, and Sn2+ induced charge transfer excitation and that Fe2+ and Ni2+ induced d-d transitions via complexation with the sp2 clusters.