Lauesenbergmann5920

In addition, both AMF treatments enhanced polyphenol oxidase activity and R. clarus increased peroxidase activity after nematode inoculation.

The aim of this analysis was to evaluate the prognostic significance of inflammatory biomarkers (NLR, dNLR, PLR and LMR) in NPC patients.

This was a retrospective analysis of 111 NPC patients from January 2013 and December 2016. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to determine the cut-off values of these inflammatory biomarkers. Univariate analysis and multivariate Cox regression model were used to evaluate the association between these parameters and progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).

The optimal critical value of NLR was 2.02, by which cases were divided into high NLR group (NLR ≥ 2.02) and low NLR group (NLR < 2.02). The elevated NLR was significantly associated with decreased OS (P = 0.009) and remained significant in multivariate analysis (HR 8.48, 95% CI 1.69-42.46, P = 0.009).

The before treatment NLR may be an independent prognostic biomarker for OS in patients with NPC. NLR, dNLR and PLR might be a useful complement to TNM staging in the prognosis evaluation of NPC patients.

The before treatment NLR may be an independent prognostic biomarker for OS in patients with NPC. NLR, dNLR and PLR might be a useful complement to TNM staging in the prognosis evaluation of NPC patients.

Sinonasal malignancies (SNM) represent a rare and complex group of cancers that includes a wide range of histopathological subtypes. Data from population-based cohorts are scarce but warranted as a basis for randomized controlled treatment trials (RCTs). Our aim was to assess overall and histology subset-specific outcomes for SNM patients treated at a tertiary referral centre.

A retrospective, population-based, consecutive cohort of patients with SNMs diagnosed from 2001 through 2019 was examined. Outcome was analysed in relation to age, gender, site, stage, histopathology, and treatment.

Two-hundred and twenty-six patients were identified, whereof 61% presented with stage IV disease. 80% completed treatment with curative intent, which comprised surgery with neoadjuvant (29%) or adjuvant (37%) radiotherapy, monotherapy with surgery (22%), definitive chemoradiotherapy (7%), or radiotherapy (5%). Median follow-up was 106months. The 5- and 10-year overall survival rates were 57% and 35%, respectively. Medides additional background for future RCTs focusing on histology subset-specific treatment for SNM.The etiology of fetal hydrocephalus is complex, and the outcome of fetal neurodevelopment after birth is also different. The purpose of this study is to conduct anti-infection of hydrocephalus fetuses with non-specific infection, and observe their neurodevelopment after birth, so as to provide clinical basis for further guidance and management of fetal hydrocephalus. Eighteen single pregnant women with fetal hydrocephalus confirmed by intrapartum ultrasonography in the Second Xiangya Hospital between July 1, 2019, and December 1, 2020, were included. Pelvis MRI, NITP, amniotic fluid/umbilical cord blood puncture, infection index, TORCH, and other examinations were completed during pregnancy. NMDAR antagonist If the patient's infection index is elevated, the second-generation cephalosporin will be used for anti-infection therapy, and the development of fetal hydrocephalus, growth, and neurodevelopment after birth will be observed. Fetal hydrocephalus subsided in 3 cases (25%, 95% CI [0%, 53.7%]) remained stable in 6 cases (50%, 95% CI [16.8%, 83.2%]), progressed in 2 cases (16.7%, 95% CI [0%, 41.4%]), and terminated pregnancy in 1 case (8.7% [0%, 26.7%]). Of the 6 untreated patients, pregnancy was terminated in 3 (50%), hydrocephalus remained stable in 2 (33.3%), and spontaneous resolution in 1 case (16.7%). Fourteen patients delivered successfully, including 11 children with no obvious abnormalities in growth and development, 1 with mild growth retardation and 2 with moderate growth retardation. Anti-infective therapy in the case of non-specific infection or maternal infection can partially prevent the progression of hydrocephalus.

The glymphatic system is a glial cell-dependent waste clearance pathway in the brain that is essential for the maintenance of brain homeostasis. In this study, we evaluated glymphatic system function in patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) compared with healthy controls.

Patients with JME and healthy controls were retrospectively enrolled in this study. All the participants underwent brain diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). The "DTI-analysis along the perivascular space (ALPS)"-index was calculated to evaluate the glymphatic system function of the participants. The ALPS-indices of the patients with JME were compared with those of the healthy controls. In addition, the correlations between ALPS-index and the clinical characteristics of the patients with JME were analyzed to validate changes in glymphatic system function.

A total of 39 patients with JME and 38 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. The mean ALPS- index of the patients with JME was significantly lower than that of the healthrates that the glymphatic system function of patients with JME gradually declines with age. The ALPS-index might be a potential biomarker for monitoring glymphatic system function in patients with epilepsy.

Diagnosing probable cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) after lobar intra-cerebral hemorrhage (l-ICH) currently relies on the MR-based modified Boston criteria (mBC). However, MRI has limited availability and the mBC have moderate sensitivity, with isolated l-ICH being classified as "possible CAA". A recent autopsy-based study reported potential value of finger-like projections (FLP) and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) on acute CT. Here we assessed these markers' performance in a cohort most of whom survived the index episode.

We included all patients from a prospective pathology database with non-traumatic l-ICH, admission CT and available tissue sample showing no alternative cause. CT was assessed by two blinded independent neuroradiologists. Interobserver reproducibility was almost perfect for SAH and substantial for FLP.

Sixteen patients were eligible [age 65.8 ± 7.2yrs; hematoma volume 39(26, 71)mls; hematoma evacuation sample 15 patients; autopsy one patient]. MRI was available in 11 patients. ICH-related death affected six patients. Aβ

immunohistochemistry revealed CAA in seven patients (44%). SAH and FLP were present in 12/16 (75%) and 10/16 (62%) patients, respectively. SAH had 100% sensitivity for CAA but low specificity; FLP had lower performance. Using either pathology or MRI as reference standard yielded essentially similar results. All patients with possible CAA on MRI but CAA on pathology had SAH.

In patients with moderate-size l-ICH who mostly survived the index event, SAH had perfect sensitivity and better performance than FLP. In addition, SAH appeared to add onto MRI in possible CAA, the clinically most relevant scenario. Studies in larger samples are however warranted.

In patients with moderate-size l-ICH who mostly survived the index event, SAH had perfect sensitivity and better performance than FLP. In addition, SAH appeared to add onto MRI in possible CAA, the clinically most relevant scenario. Studies in larger samples are however warranted.Switching between two or more tasks is a key component in our modern world. Task switching, however, requires time-consuming executive control processes and thus produces performance costs when compared to task repetitions. While executive control during task switching has been associated with activation in the lateral prefrontal cortex (lPFC), only few studies so far have investigated the causal relation between lPFC activation and task-switching performance by modulating lPFC activation. In these studies, the results of lPFC modulation were not conclusive or limited to the left lPFC. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effect of non-invasive transcranial direct current stimulation [tDCS; anodal tDCS (1 mA, 20 min) vs. cathodal tDCS (1 mA, 20 min) vs. sham tDCS (1 mA, 30 s)] over the right inferior frontal junction on task-switching performance in a well-established task-switching paradigm. In response times, we found a significant effect of tDCS Condition (atDCS, ctDCS vs. sham) on task-switching costs, indicating the modulation of task-switching performance by tDCS. In addition, we found a task-unspecific tDCS Condition effect in the first experimental session, in which participants were least familiar with the task, indicating a general enhancement of task performance in both task repetitions and task-switching trials. Taken together, our study provides evidence that the right lPFC is involved in task switching as well as in general task processing. Further studies are needed to investigate whether these findings can be translated into clinically relevant improvement in older subjects or populations with executive function impairment.

To assess and compare pulp cavity/tooth volume ratio of maxillary permanent teeth between patients exhibiting anterior open bite malocclusion and those exhibiting anterior normal overbite using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).

3D dental images from 44 patients aged between 15 and 29years were analyzed. The DICOM files of all dental images were imported into an image processing software for calculating pulp cavity volume and tooth volume. Differences of pulp cavity volume, tooth volume, and pulp cavity/tooth volume ratio of each tooth type from both types of occlusions were analyzed using the independent t test. The intra-class correlation coefficient was used to evaluate intra-examiner reliability.

The means of pulp cavity/tooth volume ratio in anterior open bite group were significantly greater than those in anterior normal overbite group (central incisor p = 0.001; lateral incisor p = 0.00025 and canine p = 0.004). The means of root canal/root volume ratio in anterior open bite group were significantly greater than anterior normal overbite group (central incisor p = 0.00001; lateral incisor p = 0.00007; and canine p = 0.001), whereas there were no significant differences of the means of pulp chamber/crown volume was observed.

Anterior open bite malocclusion might lead to an increase of the pulp cavity volume and decrease of the tooth volume due to occlusal hypofunction.

Orthodontic force should be carefully determined in anterior open bite patient due to the greater root canal volume and lesser root volume.

Orthodontic force should be carefully determined in anterior open bite patient due to the greater root canal volume and lesser root volume.

Obsessive and compulsive tendencies are known to occur in the general population and involve worry around specific concerns (obsessions) and an urge to resolve the concern with thoughts or behaviours (compulsions). Spontaneous, but not deliberate, mind wandering experiences (when attention turns to internal mentation), have been found to predict obsessive- compulsive tendencies [Seli, P., Risko, E.F., Purdon, C. & Smilek, D. (2017). Intrusive thoughts linking spontaneous mind wandering and OCD symptomatology. Psychological Research, 81, 392-398. https//doi.org/10.1007/s00426-016-0756-3 ]. Recent cognitive theory suggests a particular role for future-oriented spontaneous thought in obsessive-compulsive (OC) symptoms. Thus, we hypothesised that future-oriented rather than past-oriented spontaneous mind wandering would predict OC symptoms, such that more future-oriented mind wandering would be associated with increases in OC symptoms.

In an online survey design (nonclinical sample of 104 adults), participants completed three measures Mind wandering Spontaneous (MW-S) and Deliberate (MW-D) (Carriere, Seli & Smilek, 2013); Involuntary Autobiographical Memory Inventory (Berntsen, Rubin & Salgado, 2015); and Dimensional Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (DOCS) (Abramowitz et al.