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nsition (EMT) process. Furthermore, the results suggest that EHD2 may be a novel biomarker for prognosis prediction.

This study aimed to establish nationwide data for the distributions of typical and atypical bacterial pathogens in Korean patients with moderate acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) and evaluate the clinical usefulness of a urinary antigen test (UAT) to detect

.

This study was a post hoc analysis of a randomized controlled trial designed to compare oral zabofloxacin with moxifloxacin for treating outpatients with moderate AECOPD. From clinics across South Korea, 342 subjects with AECOPD were enrolled, and their blood, sputum, and urine samples were collected at baseline. A serologic test, sputum culture and polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and UAT were performed to identify bacterial pathogens. Bacterial prevalence and regional distributions were analyzed. The patients' characteristics and clinical response between UAT-positive and UAT-negative groups were compared, as were the

detection rates using conventional sputum culture and PCR versus UAT.

The most commonly iermining the suspicion of bacterial exacerbation.

There is still no agreement on whether corticosteroids can reduce mortality in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of low-dose corticosteroid administration in patients with ARDS.

A prospective observational study of patients with ARDS in 17 hospitals in China was performed between March 2016 and February 2018. Propensity score matching was performed to adjust for differences in baseline characteristics between different groups. The effects of corticosteroids were assessed by using the Kaplan-Meier method and a multivariate Cox regression.

A total of 527 ARDS patients were enrolled in the study. Sixty-five patients (12.3%) were administered low-dose (methylprednisolone ≤1 mg·kg

·d

) corticosteroids. The median dose was equivalent to 0.67 (0.57-0.81) mg/kg methylprednisolone for a median duration of 10 days. The control group included 224 patients (42.5%) who had never receive corticosteroids. In the matched sample, the hospital mortality rates in the low-dose (n=40) and control groups (n=80) were 27.5% and 42.5% (P=0.110), respectively. The length of hospital stay was significantly longer in the low-dose corticosteroid group than in the control group (24.0

17.0, P=0.002), and the multivariate Cox regression analysis suggested that the low-dose group had a significantly lower risk of death than the control group (HR 0.48; 95% CI 0.24-0.97; P=0.040).

The administration of low-dose corticosteroids may reduce mortality in patients with ARDS.

The administration of low-dose corticosteroids may reduce mortality in patients with ARDS.

The purpose of this study is to describe stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) use, outcomes, hospitalizations and costs compared to patients receiving chemotherapy among patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)-Medicare database, we identified patients aged ≥66 with metastatic NSCLC treated with SBRT as first-line treatment between 2004 and 2014. Multivariable logistic regression identified covariates associated with SBRT. Overall survival (OS) between SBRT and chemotherapy was compared using the Kaplan-Meier estimator and Cox proportional hazards regression. To compare hospitalizations and associated costs, we matched patients treated with SBRT to those with comparable prognostic factors receiving chemotherapy.

We identified 215 patients with metastatic NSCLC who received SBRT and 12,486 patients who received chemotherapy as first-line treatment. SBRT use increased from 0.5% to 3% and was associated with older age, female sex, poor disability status, and lower T- and N-stage. OS increased with SBRT, female sex, higher income and decreased with higher Charlson Comorbidity Score ≥2, poor disability status, higher T-stage and higher N-stage. Among a matched sample, SBRT patients underwent fewer hospitalizations

chemotherapy patients (73%

81%, P=0.02). Among those hospitalized, SBRT patients incurred higher hospitalization costs ($33,063

$23,865, P<0.001) but costs per month of survival were similar.

SBRT is increasing among Medicare patients with metastatic NSCLC. Our findings suggest that SBRT may play a role in management of select metastatic NSCLC patients in addition to standard-of-care chemotherapy.

SBRT is increasing among Medicare patients with metastatic NSCLC. Our findings suggest that SBRT may play a role in management of select metastatic NSCLC patients in addition to standard-of-care chemotherapy.Taiwanese surgeons have pioneered major advances in the field of minimally invasive thoracic surgery. Since the establishment of the Taiwan Association of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery [1986], the landscape of thoracic surgery has rapidly evolved from traditional thoracotomy to multi-port video-assisted thoracoscopic approaches. By early 21st century, further developments have included the single-port and subxiphoid techniques. This paper provides an overview of the Taiwanese thoracic surgery environment and its major accomplishments. With the increasing use of low-dose computed tomography for lung cancer screening, the detection of small pulmonary nodules has been growing steadily. High-end hybrid operating rooms comprising both imaging and surgical equipment are increasingly being applied in Taiwan as platforms for image-guided video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (iVATS). Recently, we described an iVATS workflow for simultaneous detection and removal of small pulmonary nodules which was entirely performed by thoracic surgeons. With respect to esophageal malignancies, the implementation of robot-assisted esophagectomy has been a significant milestone in Taiwan. This technique allowed conducting an extensive lymph node dissection along the bilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve in a safe and effective manner. With 14 medical schools and 26 medical centers located on the island, Taiwan has been able to maintain a constant doctor-to-population ratio of 1-to-500. By partnering with the National Health Insurance and by taking advantage of state-of-the-art technologies, Taiwanese thoracic surgeons are continuously striving to deliver high-quality and cost-effective surgical care.

The impact of miR-145-5p in immune infiltration and the potential application in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) immunochemotherapy remains unknown.

Transcriptomic data for ESCC tissues and normal tissues and clinical materials of patients with ESCC were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. The differences in mRNA levels in cancer tissues and noncancerous tissues were analyzed, and we subsequently investigated the association between miR-145-5p expression and the key parameters of ESCC progression and prognosis. Additionally, cytological experiments were performed to evaluate the biological functions of miR-145-5p. Pathways potentially affected by miR-145-5p were analyzed by Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and REACTOME. We also analyzed the function of miR-145-5p in immune infiltration through the TIMER2 (Tumor Immune Estimation Resource) database.

The analysis of gene chip data from the TCGA database and GEO database (including GSE1d macrophages (P<0.05).

MiR-145-5p acts as a tumor suppressor microRNA in ESCC and is an important noncoding RNA in the high M2-like tumor-associated macrophage infiltration of ESCC. selleck chemical Assessing the miR-145-5p level in ESCC samples has translational meaning, which help illustrate the immune infiltration status, predict the prognostic outcome, and select the type of immunochemotherapy.

MiR-145-5p acts as a tumor suppressor microRNA in ESCC and is an important noncoding RNA in the high M2-like tumor-associated macrophage infiltration of ESCC. Assessing the miR-145-5p level in ESCC samples has translational meaning, which help illustrate the immune infiltration status, predict the prognostic outcome, and select the type of immunochemotherapy.

Clopidogrel is a traditional P2Y12 receptor inhibitor that is widely used in clinical practice, but there are significant individual differences in its therapeutic effect. Carriers of the

deletion allele have a higher risk of adverse cardiovascular events than non-carriers.

In this study, 170 patients diagnosed with coronary heart disease (CHD) and on regular oral clopidogrel or ticagrelor antiplatelet therapy in the Department of Cardiology of Wuxi Second People's Hospital from August to December 2019 were screened. Baseline patient data were collected, percutaneous coronary angiography (CAG) or coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) results were recorded,

gene type was detected, and prognosis/outcome was assessed by telephone/outpatient/inpatient follow-up for 12 months.

(I) Of the 170 patients, 0.66% were the fast metabolic type, 41.45% were the normal metabolic type, 42.76% were the intermediate metabolic type, and 15.13% were the poor metabolic type.

mutation accounted for 89.29% orognosis was significantly increased with

and/or

mutations, and patients undergoing PCI or carrying a single

deletion allele had a better prognosis with ticagrelor as replacement therapy.

CYP2C19 polymorphism was associated with the prognosis of patients with CHD administered antiplatelet therapy with oral clopidogrel. The incidence of poor prognosis was significantly increased with CYP2C19*2 and/or CYP2C19*3 mutations, and patients undergoing PCI or carrying a single CYP2C19 deletion allele had a better prognosis with ticagrelor as replacement therapy.

Transient receptor potential (TRP) ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) and vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) mediate the development of lung injury and inflammation. This study investigated the role and mechanism of the TRPA1/TRPV1 pathway in airway inflammation and bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) induced by acute ozone exposure.

C57BL/6 mice (8-10 weeks) were intraperitoneally injected with phosphate buffered saline (PBS), A967079 (TRPA1 inhibitor) or AMG9810 (TRPV1 inhibitor) 1 h before or after ozone exposure (2.5 ppm, 3 h). BHR, cell counts in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid, oxidative stress biomarkers, inflammatory cytokines, TRPA1 and TPRV1 protein levels, mitochondrial dynamics- and mitophagy-related protein levels, and activities of mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC) in lung were measured.

The preventive treatment effect was similar to the therapeutic treatment effect. Both A967079 and AMG9810 intervention suppressed BHR, inflammatory cytokines, total BAL fluid cells, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and inflammatory cy exposure-induced airway inflammation and BHR and influence oxidative stress, mitochondrial quality control and MRC activity, which could be a potential target for clinical therapy of respiratory diseases.

There have been concerns that literature described radiological feature differences between drug-sensitive pulmonary tuberculosis (DS-PTB) and multidrug-resistant (MDR)-PTB were confounded by that MDR-PTB cases tend to have a longer history. Using history length matched DS-PTB and MDR-PTB cases from a well-defined urban region in Dalian, we retrospectively analysed the CT feature differences of these paired cases with a focus on pulmonary nodular (PN) consolidation and pulmonary cavity (PC).

There were 33 consecutive MDR-PTB cases [inclusive of rifampicin-resistant (RR) cases, 27 males and 6 females, mean age 49.2 years], with 19 cases had a history of <1 month and 8 and 6 cases had a history of 1-6 and >6 months respectively. To pair the MDR-PTB cases with history length, matched 33 cases of DS-PTB patients (21 males and 12 females, mean age 56.5 years) were included. All patients were new PTB without HIV infection. The first CT exams prior to treatment were analysed.

Compared with DS cases, MDR cases had a much higher prevalence of PN (75.