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This kind of breakthrough application of electrochemotherapy might be considered to avoid palliative mastectomy in very selected patients. New technologies may help clinicians to find agreement between patient' will and the burden of treatment and might contribute in selected cases to give options to patients not keen on having surgery.Metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) spread to uncommon sites is increasing in recent years. Metachronous renal metastasis of ESCC was reported before and relatively easy to be diagnosed. But synchronous renal parenchyma metastasis of ESCC is rare and of importance before make treatment plan. Here we present one case of synchronous and one case of metachronous renal parenchyma of ESCC. In the synchronous renal metastasis case, the patient was diagnosed ESCC in August 2016. Though CT scan was normal, PET-CT scan found a small lesion in right renal cortex with increased FDG uptake. The patient refused biopsy of renal lesion. Two cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy were given with stable response. Then esophagectomy and adjuvant radiation were given. Seven months later, CT scan revealed renal and spleen lesions and biopsy confirmed squamous cell carcinoma. The patient refused systematic treatment and died 5 months later. In the metachronous renal metastasis case, the patient was diagnosed ESCC in March 2015 and PET/CT scan showed no distant metastasis. Esophagectomy and adjuvant radiotherapy were given. CT scan revealed solitary renal and multiple lung metastasis 23 months later. Biopsy of renal lesion confirmed squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Chemotherapy was given but with only stable response. The patient died 7 months later after relapse. Both patients had not urinary symptoms. Together with published literatures, renal parenchyma metastasis of ESCC is often asymptomatic. Disease history and biopsy are helpful in diagnosis. And present cases suggested that PET-CT is more sensitive than CT to identify unusual metastasis of ESCC.Encephalitis with anti-γ-aminobutyric acid-B (GABAB) receptor antibodies is an autoimmune encephalitis, which is mainly observed with small-cell lung cancer (SCLC), thymoma, and melanoma. Here, we reported a case of clear cell renal cell carcinoma with the loss of consciousness as a first symptom, which was associated with a rare GABAB receptor antibody limbic encephalitis. A 58-year-old man with a 2-day history of stomachache and unconsciousness. Imaging studies of the head were normal. The abdominal computed tomography revealed a 3.9 cm × 3.8 cm right renal mass with contrast enhanced. Subsequent cerebrospinal fluid antibody testing was positive for anti-GABAB receptor antibodies. After 2 weeks of treatment with nutritional neurologic and immunomodulatory, the symptoms did not improve. Laparoscopic radical nephrectomy was undertaken and subsequently immunotherapy for the patient's treatment. The postoperative pathology was renal cell carcinoma (Clear cell carcinoma, WHO/ISUP grade 3, tumor size 4 cm × 3.5 cm, pT1a). The patient's conditions improved after the surgery. At the 12-month follow-up, computed tomography imaging showed no recurrence, and the patient was living independently. This case was reported to demonstrate that, when patients are presented with GABAB receptor antibody encephalitis, early evaluation of underlying malignancy including renal cell carcinoma and aggressive treatment of primary tumors provide the chances for a better outcome.Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST 1.1) is classical and popular for public. However, there are some problems recently. For example, partial response ranges from 30% to 99%, objective response is dichotomous, so there may be some heterogeneity. New metrics for evaluating the efficacy have been investigating, such as early tumor shrinkage, time to response and depth of response (DpR). DpR has been used in hematologic malignancies and is considered as a predictor of efficiency. In solid tumors, DpR was firstly proposed by Mansmann et al. in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) and defined as the percentage of tumor shrinkage, which is a continuous metric, and could avoid the information loss due to dichotomization of responses that has been widely applied to several kinds of solid tumors. Some authors have found associations between DpR and OS, DpR is a valuable surrogate endpoint for mCRC, metastatic breast cancer, metastatic melanoma and advanced pancreatic cancer. However, the predictive value of DpR is still uncertain in the research of lung cancer and gastric cancer. Which indicating that a mature and unified application standard has not yet been formed for DpR. This article summarizes researches on the DpR as a predictor of the long-term outcomes for solid tumors, it also discusses the challenges and limitations in the applications of DpR.Radiation therapy along with chemotherapy and surgery are the three main treatment modalities used in oncology. The main disadvantage of radiotherapy is the fact that it affects both cancer and healthy cells located in the tumour area. As a consequence, different complications develop. A large proportion of cancers treated with radiotherapy are located in the lower abdomen and pelvis, which is why complications often involve the urinary tract. Due to the anatomy of these areas, urological complications occur not only after radiological treatment of urological cancers, but also after treatment of malignancies of the reproductive or digestive system. The most common radiation-induced complications include haemorrhagic cystitis, urethral and ureteral strictures, urinary fistulae, and secondary primary malignancies. Adverse events significantly degrade the quality of life of the patient, and in severe cases can be life threatening to the patient. Because of impaired tissue healing, the treatment of radiation urological complications is a challenge for urologists and often requires complicated reconstruction techniques. Continuous increase in the effectiveness of cancer treatments and the extension of patients' lives, make complications of radiation therapy an increasingly common clinical problem. The aim of this review is to present the pathophysiology, clinical presentation and methods of treatment for radiation-induced urological complications.

The lesion of primary gastric non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (PGL) originates from the submucosa, so conventional gastroscopy has limited diagnostic potential. This study evaluated the diagnosis and follow-up value of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) in PGL.

Seventy-nine patients diagnosed with PGL either by EUS and biopsy pathology or by postoperative pathology were included in the study. All subjects underwent EUS with deep targeted biopsy and regular follow-up.

We found sensitivity and specificity of EUS combined with deep targeted biopsy for PGL as 87.3% (69/79) and 80.0% (20/25) respectively, and the diagnostic accuracy as 85.6% (89/104). EUS combined with deep targeted biopsy had significantly greater diagnostic accuracy than gastroscopy [85.6% (89/104)

. 57.7% (60/104); (P<0.001)]. The diagnostic accuracy of T tumor staging and N tumor staging of EUS were 13/13 and 11/13 respectively compared with postoperative staging. The mean time of complete remission of lymphoma after eradication treatment in the H. pylori-negative (successful eradication) group (3.2±0.7 months) was shorter than that in H. pylori-positive patients (failed eradication) group (4.5±0.8 months), there was statistically significant difference between the two groups (t=4.3, P<0.001).

This study demonstrated that EUS combined with deep targeted biopsy was associated with increased detection of Primary gastric non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (PGL), in terms of depth and extent of the lesion to guide treatment selection and to evaluate treatment efficacy.

This study demonstrated that EUS combined with deep targeted biopsy was associated with increased detection of Primary gastric non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (PGL), in terms of depth and extent of the lesion to guide treatment selection and to evaluate treatment efficacy.

This study aimed to explore the prognostic function of p53 and Ki-67 protein expression in chemotherapy sensitivity and prognosis in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC).

Patients who were confirmed with TNBC in Wenzhou Geriatric Hospital and Wenzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (including the Oncology Department, Tumor Surgery Department, and Gynecology Department) between January 2006 and February 2018 were included in this study. The expression of p53 and Ki-67 detected by immunohistochemistry, the rate of recurrence, and the objective curative effect evaluation at the end of the first-line rescue treatment were recorded for all patients.

The patients were followed up to August 2020, and the median follow-up time was 9 years and 4 months. A total of 285 patients with TNBC were enrolled in the study. The patients ranged in age from 19 to 76 years old, with an average age of 53 years. The overall recurrence rate among the patients was 31.58%. The majority of cases (68.07%) were pathologicalference was statistically significant.

The expression of p53 and Ki-67 had prognostic relevance to chemotherapy sensitivity and prognosis in TNBC patients.

The expression of p53 and Ki-67 had prognostic relevance to chemotherapy sensitivity and prognosis in TNBC patients.

MicroRNAs are found to be aberrantly expressed in multiple cancers, including glioblastoma (GBM), and microRNA-221 (miR-221) has been verified as an oncogene in various human cancers. Nevertheless, the role of miR-221 in GBM is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the miR-221 expression level in GBM and to evaluate its function and underlying mechanisms.

Western blotting and qPCR were used to determine the expression of human hedgehog-interacting protein (HHIP) and miR-221 levels. MiR-221-inhibited cell models were constructed, and siRNA was used for HHIP silencing. Cell proliferation was analyzed by MTT and colony formation assays and a subcutaneous xenograft model. Cell migration and invasion was analyzed by wound healing and Transwell invasion assays. A dual luciferase reporter assay system was used to clarify the relationship between miR-221 and HHIP.

The results of this study revealed that miR-221 expression was upregulated in GBM tissues and A172, U251, as well as T98G cells, as detected by real-time PCR analysis. MTT, Transwell, and colony formation assays revealed that miR-221 knockdown could suppress GBM cells from proliferating, migrating, and invading

. Moreover, animal experiments showed that tumor growth

was inhibited when miR-221 expression decreased. Furthermore, HHIP was predicted and verified to be a target of miR-221 by bioinformatics analysis, and luciferase and western blot assays. In addition, HHIP silencing rescued the suppressive effect of a miR-221 inhibitor on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of GBM cells.

Our results indicated that miR-221 is upregulated in GBM and enhances tumor progression by targeting HHIP, which suggests this may be a potential therapeutic target for GBM.

Our results indicated that miR-221 is upregulated in GBM and enhances tumor progression by targeting HHIP, which suggests this may be a potential therapeutic target for GBM.