Lambertsencreech2501

warranted in this regard. Key wordsAnchorage, Excessive gingival display, Gummy-smile, Mini-screw.

This review was conducted in order to learn the latest information about how to prevent cross-infection of COVID-19 in dentistry. The aim of this study is offer a clinical protocol to reduce the risk of infection of COVID-19 in dental settings.

We carried out a review based on the PRISMA guide (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses). We used the following three databases PubMed, Embase and Scopus. The search strategy was performed in the three databases applying the search terms "COVID-19 AND dental", "COVID-19 AND dentistry", selecting human studies published from November 2019 to May 2020. English publications regarding COVID-19 as the central topic of the research were eligible for inclusion, regardless of study design. There are very few published studies on the association between COVID-19 and dentistry, for that reason we also included the English abstract of two studies written in Chinese. The following exclusion criteria were established animal studies and in vitro stut security measures to protect the patients and the dental clinic staff. Key wordsCOVID-19, COVID-19 cross infection risk, COVID-19 prevention in Dentistry, COVID-19 in Dental Clinic.

The study aimed to assess oropharyngeal and otorhinolaryngological changes in end stage renal disease (ESRD) patients undergoing hemodialysis and correlate the findings to renal functions.

This case-control study compared oral and otorhinolaryngological findings in 85 patients with (ESRD) on maintenance hemodialysis to age and sex matched 85 healthy controls. Frequencies of findings were calculated and compared and correlation between biochemical and the oral health parameters in case group was determined using T-test, chi-square and Pearson correlation test (significance were set at

<0.05).

The frequency of oral signs and mucosal symptoms were significantly higher among ESRD compared to healthy controls. Dry mouth (34.12%), bad odour (32.94%), increased tongue coating (50.59%) and pale mucosa (45.88%) were the most commonly reported. Otorhinolaryngological findings was higher in cases than in controls, with otomycosis (10.59%) and allergic rhinitis (5.88%) being the most frequent findings. Serum creatinine and blood urea mean levels were higher in ESRD patients with oral and otorhinolaryngological findings compared to those without findings.

Oral and nasal manifestations in patients with ESRD on maintenance hemodialysis were significantly higher in comparison to healthy individuals and were related to their serum creatinine and blood urea mean levels.

Chronic kidney disease, renal dialysis, Oral manifestation, nasal, case control, Egypt.

Oral and nasal manifestations in patients with ESRD on maintenance hemodialysis were significantly higher in comparison to healthy individuals and were related to their serum creatinine and blood urea mean levels. Key wordsChronic kidney disease, renal dialysis, Oral manifestation, nasal, case control, Egypt.

This study evaluated the association between knowledge and management of ventilation and air-conditioning systems (VAC) to avoid the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in health facilities by dentists and demographic variables.

A cross-sectional digital media survey was administered to dentists as part of global research. The core questionnaire was used including four additional questions on VAC (Q1 knowledge, Q2 work settings, Q3 temperature, and Q4 maintenance). A descriptive analysis was conducted for sociodemographic and VAC variables, and bivariate analysis was carried out using different tests.

5370 dentists answered the survey (median age of 45 years; 72.22% women). About half of the respondents said that they knew about the guidelines issued for the management of air conditioners (AC) during the pandemic, and 16.77% have made modifications to their VAC systems during this period. The most frequent AC temperature range used in the dentists' offices during the pandemic was 18°C to 20°C. As age increased, self-reported knowledge about VAC guidelines expanded. Remote and rural regions were perceived to have less knowledge of the guidelines.

Although perceptions of knowledge about VAC systems during the COVID-19 pandemic was high, the temperature in dental offices was colder than that recommended. Greater disclosure of VAC management practices and adherence to VAC management guidelines are required.

Air conditioning, dentistry, coronavirus.

Although perceptions of knowledge about VAC systems during the COVID-19 pandemic was high, the temperature in dental offices was colder than that recommended. Greater disclosure of VAC management practices and adherence to VAC management guidelines are required. Key wordsAir conditioning, dentistry, coronavirus.

To evaluate the antibacterial property of a modified orthodontic resin with different concentrations of silver-nanoparticles (AgNPs), and quantify its preventive effect on the formation of white spot lesions (WSLs).

An orthodontic resin (Transbond XT) was modified with four concentrations of AgNPs (1%, 0.5%, 0.1%, and 0.05%), the orthodontic resin without AgNPs was used as control. Polymerized resin discs (n=80) were submitted to Agar diffusion test on Petri dishes inoculated with

and

. In addition, resin discs of each group (n=40) were placed in 96-well plates with bacterial suspensions to evaluate the colony-forming-units (CFU). For the WSLs prevention test, brackets were bonded with the experimental orthodontic resins on 45 premolars (n=5), and were subjected to a microbiological caries induction method for 9 days. Photographs were taken before and after the test, and the images were evaluated with the Image J software to calculate the area of WSLs. The data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey-HSD test, Student´s t-test and Kruskal-Wallis test (α=0.05).

The 0.5% and 1% AgNPs modified resin inhibit the growth of

and

. All the modified resins showed significantly less CFU, when compared to the control (

<0.05). 1% AgNPs resin promote the higher prevention of WSLs formation. There was no significant difference between the control group and the 0.1% and 0.05% groups.

0.5% and 1% of AgNPs modified orthodontic resin exhibit an important antibacterial activity against

and

, and prevent the formation of WSLs.

White spot lesions, antibacterial, orthodontics, adhesive, Silver-nanoparticles.

0.5% and 1% of AgNPs modified orthodontic resin exhibit an important antibacterial activity against S. mutans and L. acidophilus, and prevent the formation of WSLs. Key wordsWhite spot lesions, antibacterial, orthodontics, adhesive, Silver-nanoparticles.

The frequency of traumatic dental injuries (TDI) in primary dentition and those agents that favor them present a great variability. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of TDI in a population of Spanish preschoolers in temporary dentition and identify the factors associated with these injuries.

An epidemiological observational prevalence study was carried out. A total of 343 children aged between 3 and 5 years were selected. A questionnaire was completed in relation to socioeconomic factors, cultural level, dietary habits and oral parafunction. Through an intraoral examination, information was collected on the occlusal characteristics and the presence of TDI. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS Statistics 25.0 program for Windows, using the descriptive and frequencies procedure, contingency tables, Chi-square test, and logistic regression analysis.

The prevalence of TDI in the total sample was 12.2%. The most frequent lesion was crown discoloration (0.4%) followed by crown fracture (0.1%) and avulsion (0.1%). learn more The most affected tooth was the deciduous upper central incisor. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis the presence of dental trauma did correlate significantly with the age (5 years in reference to 3 years OR = 4.209; 95% C.I. = 1.591-11.134;

= 0.004) and overjet (OR = 2.609; 95% C.I. = 1.306-5.214;

= 0.007).

The prevalence of these lesions in a Spanish infant population with temporary dentition is low. Only age and overjet are risk factors.

Dental trauma, deciduous dentition, risk factors.

The prevalence of these lesions in a Spanish infant population with temporary dentition is low. Only age and overjet are risk factors. Key wordsDental trauma, deciduous dentition, risk factors.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and predictability of upper and lower orthodontic expansion with the Invisalign® system.

From a sample of 167 patients; 64 upper and 51 lower arches were randomly selected from patients who had been treated with plastic orthodontics (Invisalign® aligners, SmartTrack® material). Digital models were extracted at the beginning (ModT1) and at the end of treatment (ModT2) as well as the final ClinCheck® (CkT2). The canine, premolar and molar width was measured at the gingival and cuspid level of both arches, as well as the inclination of the upper first molar. Likewise, both arches were divided regarding the planned expansion at the level of the first molar into mild, moderate and severe.

The efficacy of expansion in the upper and lower arches showed a statistically significant difference (

<0.00005). During the measurements of predictability, around 98-100% was achieved at the coronal level and between 85-90% at the gingival level. Analyzing predictability regarding to the magnitude of expansion, superior and inferior moderate expansion, both gingival and cuspid, presented higher values.

The Invisalign® system aligners (SmartTrack® material), proved to be a positive alternative for expansion movement offering high degree of predictability, both in the upper and lower arches. As a result, the most predictable level of expansion was moderate, having being the lower arch more foreseeable at the gingival level than the upper arch.

Predictability, Efficacy, Expansion, Aligner, Invisalign®.

The Invisalign® system aligners (SmartTrack® material), proved to be a positive alternative for expansion movement offering high degree of predictability, both in the upper and lower arches. As a result, the most predictable level of expansion was moderate, having being the lower arch more foreseeable at the gingival level than the upper arch. Key wordsPredictability, Efficacy, Expansion, Aligner, Invisalign®.

The fixed tooth-implant connection remains a controversial issue. This private practice-based retrospective study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of a contemporary fixed partial denture (FPD) design for connecting natural teeth and implants (TI-FPD), over an 11.8 years observation period.

The data of 91 partially edentulous patients (44 males and 47 females, mean age of 47.7 years) treated with a newly designed TI-FPD retained on 1 implant and 1 natural tooth were analyzed retrospectively. Teeth were covered with electroformed copings and a CAD/CAM made bridge was fixed over the abutments with provisional cement. Two different implant systems were used Camlog (N=22; anterior areas) and Straumann tissue level (N=69; posterior areas).

The survival rate for both implants and teeth was 100%. 19/21 (90%, 95%CI 82-95%), 16/21 (66%, 95%CI 66-84%), and 16/21 (66%, 95%CI 66-84%) patients were free of biological complications after 5 years, 10 years, and 15 years post-loading, respectively. 23/35 (90%, 95%CI 54-74%), 21/35 (61%, 95%CI 50-70%), and 21/35 (61%, 95%CI 50-70%) were free of technical complications following 5 years, 10 years, and 15 years post loading, respectively.