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There was a strong association between hemorrhagic stroke and poorer lower extremity function. rFA, contralesional FA, and age were included in the final model for FIM-motor and length of stay. The effect of rFA on all outcome measures was stronger than that of contralesional FA. The effect of age on FIM-motor was as strong as that of rFA.

Neural damage in the corticospinal tracts (indicated by rFA) had the strongest effect on outcome measures, whereas the level of disability (measured by FIM-motor) was associated with a broader range of factors, including age.

Neural damage in the corticospinal tracts (indicated by rFA) had the strongest effect on outcome measures, whereas the level of disability (measured by FIM-motor) was associated with a broader range of factors, including age.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the quality of reporting of systematic reviews published in Japanese in the field of physical therapy.

The study design was a bibliometric analysis of systematic reviews. Two Japanese physical therapy journals (

and

) were analysed using J-STAGE. The inclusion criterion was that articles were systematic reviews. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist was used to score the reporting quality of eligible systematic reviews. The quality assessment was performed by two reviewers independently.

Of the 1578 articles identified, thirteen articles were included in this study. The median score of checklist items adequately adhered to across the included studies was 12 (range, 7-17). None of the studies adhered to the structured summary or additional analysis PRISMA items. The intention of bias assessment across studies was reported in only three studies (23%), and only two of these three reported the results.

The reporting quality of systematic reviews published in Japanese physical therapy journals was suboptimal. Therefore, readers should critically appraise the contents of systematic reviews. It is recommended that journals should strictly require their authors to adhere to reporting guidelines.

The reporting quality of systematic reviews published in Japanese physical therapy journals was suboptimal. Therefore, readers should critically appraise the contents of systematic reviews. It is recommended that journals should strictly require their authors to adhere to reporting guidelines.

Falls are major contributors to elderly subjects becoming bedridden. Consequently, it is important to evaluate and minimize the risk of falls in the elderly. Trunk stability is important for balance function and is related to fall prevention in elderly women. We developed a balance-measuring device that uses a dynamic sitting position to safely measure balance function. The Balance Evaluation Systems Test (BESTest) is useful method to assess balance function, a recently developed balance evaluation test that can detect minor balance problems not captured by previous tests. The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship between dynamic trunk balance and findings of the BESTest in elderly women.

Thirty-one healthy women aged 60 years or more participated in this study. The evaluation items were the BESTest total score, scores for each of the six elements of the BESTest, dynamic sitting balance, static postural balance, and muscle strength.

The mean total BESTest score was 85.4 points. The mean total trajectory length of the center of gravity (COG) during the dynamic sitting balance test was 1447.5 mm. A negative correlation (r=-0.481, P= 0.006) was observed between the total COG trajectory length and the BESTest score. IMT1B A negative correlation was also found between the total COG trajectory length and biomechanical constraints (r=-0.492, P=0.005) and anticipatory postural adjustments (r=-0.532, P=0.002). There were no correlations between the dynamic sitting balance total COG trajectory length and the stationary standing COG trajectory length or muscle strength.

In elderly women, the total COG trajectory length during dynamic sitting was negatively correlated with the BESTest total score.

In elderly women, the total COG trajectory length during dynamic sitting was negatively correlated with the BESTest total score.

Associated laryngeal paralysis (ALP) is defined as vagus nerve impairment combined with other lower cranial nerve paralysis. Traumatic ALP is reported infrequently.

A 72-year-old man was injured on the back of the head when a large tree fell on him; he was admitted to a general hospital, where he was diagnosed with brain concussion and Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS). The patient developed aspiration pneumonia due to severe dysphagia. Although he underwent treatment and rehabilitation for 6 months, some disabilities persisted, and a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube was placed. Six months after the accident, the patient was transferred to our rehabilitation hospital. Videoendoscopic examination and videofluoroscopy revealed persistent upper esophageal sphincter (UES) opening, left dominant bilateral IX and X nerve paralysis, and left XII nerve paralysis; moreover, these examinations showed that the swallowing reflex was absent, although a bolus could pass through the UES. We suspected that the patientextures.

Descending necrotizing mediastinitis is a potentially fatal polymicrobial infection that often leads to dysphagia after treatment. Such dysphagia is likely the result of fibrosis and scarring from inflammatory changes in the fascial space. A case is presented in which the mechanism of dysphagia was verified using two-dimensional analysis of the muscle lengths of the suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles.

A 57-year-old woman presented with a hyoid and laryngeal movement disorder with pharyngeal residue secondary to descending necrotizing mediastinitis. To treat this disorder, the chin-down maneuver was performed, and it immediately improved hyoid and laryngeal elevation and reduced pharyngeal residue at the epiglottic valleculae and pyriform sinus. Analysis of the mechanism of these improvements revealed that combined head and neck flexion, compared with neck flexion, decreased the distance between the origin and insertion (DOI) of the sternohyoid muscle (SM) and increased the muscle contraction rate and the maximum contraction duration of the geniohyoid muscle (GM) during swallowing.