Kumarcarstensen1561

There is an urgent need for wound dressings to treat partial-thickness burns. Hydrogels are a promising material that can maintain hydration to promote necrotic tissue removal. Tilapia peptides (TP) and hydroxyapatite (HA) were incorporated into chitosan system to prepare new types of hydrogels. The hydrogels were cross-linking by tannin (TA), which were developed to promote rapid wound healing in a New Zealand rabbit partial-thickness burn model. Nanohydroxyapatite (NHA) was synthesized by coprecipitation method, which made hydrogels have a highly porous structure comprised of interconnected pores, excellent water absorption and low hemolysis. Besides, the hydrogels showed excellent antimicrobial activities against both Escherichia coli (E. Selleck Inavolisib coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), as well as the cytocompatibility on endothelial cells. Moreover, the hydrogels promoted epithelial and dermal regeneration, reduce the expression of TNF-α and IL-6 and promote the skin regeneration by enhancing expression of collagen, STAT3, and VEGF.Lignins are phenolic macromolecules that have several applications. In this work, we examine some biological activities of a lignin-like macromolecule isolated from the Crataeva tapia leaves, not yet studied to evaluate its potential applications in medicinal and cosmetic formulations. Lignin was obtained by alkaline delignification and its physical-chemical characterization was made by means of FT-IR, UV-Vis, NMR spectroscopy, elementary analysis, molecular mass determination and thermal analysis. Lignin is of the GSH type, with levels of hydrogen (5.10%), oxygen (27.18%), carbon (67.60%), nitrogen (0.12%) and phenolic content of 189.6 ± 9.6 mg GAE/g. In addition, it is a thermally stable macromolecule with low antioxidant activity. Cytotoxicity and cytokine production were assessed by flow cytometry. The photoprotective activity was evaluated by adding different concentrations of lignin to a commercial cream. Lignin was not cytotoxic, it stimulated the production of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10 and did not promote a significant change in nitric oxide levels. In addition, this macromolecule was able to promote increased absorption of ultraviolet light from a commercial cream. These results reinforce the ethnopharmacological use of C. tapia leaves and suggest the need for further studies to determine the potential medicinal and cosmetic applications (sunscreen) of lignin from C. tapia leaves.In the past two decades, significant progress has been made in the past two decades towards the understanding of the basic mechanisms underlying cancer growth and angiogenesis. In this context, receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) play a pivotal role in cell proliferation, differentiation, growth, motility, invasion, and angiogenesis, all of which contribute to tumor growth and progression. Mutations in RTKs lead to abnormal signal transductions in several pathways such as Ras-Raf, MEK-MAPK, PI3K-AKT and mTOR pathways, affecting a wide range of biological functions including cell proliferation, survival, migration and vascular permeability. Increasing evidence demonstrates that multiple kinases are involved in angiogenesis including RTKs such as vascular endothelial growth factor, platelet derived growth factor, epidermal growth factor, insulin-like growth factor-1, macrophage colony-stimulating factor, nerve growth factor, fibroblast growth factor, Hepatocyte Growth factor, Tie 1 & 2, Tek, Flt-3, Flt-4 and Eph receptors. Overactivation of RTKs and its downstream regulation is implicated in tumor initiation and angiogenesis, representing one of the hallmarks of cancer. This review discusses the role of RTKs, PI3K, and mTOR, their involvement, and their implication in pro-oncogenic cellular processes and angiogenesis with effective approaches and newly approved drugs to inhibit their unrestrained action.Hydrogel-based wound dressings have been intensively studied as promising materials for wound healing and care. The mixed-mode thiol-acrylate photopolymerization is used in this paper for alginate/poloxamer hydrogels formation. First, the alginate was modified with thiol groups using the esterification reaction with cysteamine, and second, the terminal hydroxyl groups of poloxamer were esterified with acryloyl chloride to introduce polymerizable acrylate groups. Finally, the cross-linking reaction between the two macromers was performed to produce degradable alginate/poloxamer hydrogels. The optimum conditions for the photo-initiated reaction were studied in order to obtain high gel fractions. The resulting hydrogels have high swelling capacity in simulated physiological conditions, good elasticity and strength, and appropriate porosity, some of the physico-chemical properties required for their applications as wound dressings/patches. The biological assays show that the alginate/poloxamer hydrogels induce proliferation of human keratinocyte and have an anti-inflammatory effect on lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-activated keratinocytes by inhibiting the extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK)/ nuclear factor (NF)-kB/ tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α signalling pathway. Taken together, the results showed that the chemical cross-linked alginate/poloxamer hydrogels may function as a dressing/patch applied directly on the skin lesion to heal the wound by reducing the exacerbated inflammation, the main cause of wound healing delay and local infection.The study aims to develop a novel nanohybrid shear-thinning hydrogel with fast gelation, and variable mechanical and biological properties. This nanohybrid hydrogel was developed via self-assembly guest-host interaction between β-cyclodextrin modified alginate (host macromere, Alg-CD) and adamantine modified graphene oxide (guest macromere, Ad-GO) and subsequent ionic crosslinking process. We found that the rheological and mechanical properties of hydrogels were controlled via macromere concentration and the host guest macromere ratio, due to the modulation of crosslinking density and network structure. Noticeably, 12%(12) dual-crosslinked hydrogel (2DC12) significantly improved the strength (1.3-folds) and toughness compared to 10%(14) dual-crosslinked hydrogel (4DC10). Furthermore, the hydrogel erosion and cytocompatibility relied on the designed parameters. Remarkably, 2DC12 showed less than 20% weight loss after 20 days of incubation in physiological solution and more than 200% cell survival after five days.