Kronborggravgaard2295

Graphical Abstract Standard block matching versus proposed iterative block matching approach.The objective of this study is to investigate the protective role of hesperetin for the glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) and related mechanisms. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of hesperetin on dexamethasone (DEX)-induced osteogenic inhibition in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). The mineralization, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays (RT-qPCR), immunofluorescence and western blot were used to assess the protective effects of hesperetin in DEX-treated BMSCs during osteogenic differentiation. Our results showed that hesperetin promoted alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and the mineralization in DEX-treated BMSCs during osteogenic differentiation. The expression of osteogenic mRNA and proteins further confirmed the protective effect of hesperetin in DEX-treated BMSCs. Furthermore, hesperetin activated ERK signal pathway in DEX-treated BMSCs. ERK inhibitor U0126 could abolish the protective effect of hesperein in DEX-treated BMSCs. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that hesperetin alleviated glucocorticoid-induced inhibition of osteogenic differentiation through ERK signal pathway in BMSCs. It may be a potential therapeutic agent for protecting against glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis.Psychological stress is involved in the development of various oral diseases. Alterations in the levels of cytokines in the saliva of patients with stress-related oral diseases have been reported. However, the inconsistencies in the results of these studies might be attributed to differences in the local and systemic factors in the oral cavities of the patients. We examined the effect of chronic stress on three major inflammatory cytokines Interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in the saliva and salivary glands of chronically stressed mice. Six-week-old C57BL/6 J mice were randomly divided into a control and a stress group. The mice in stress group were exposed to 4 h of stress daily for 10 days and subsequently saliva, as well as the submandibular glands, were collected from both groups. The expression levels of cytokines in the saliva were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The submandibular glands were subjected to histopathological and mRNA expression analyses. IL-1β was significantly elevated in saliva of the chronic stressed mice. Furthermore, the mRNA expression levels of both IL-1β and IL-6 were significantly elevated in the submandibular gland of chronic stressed mice. IL-1β may be a potential salivary biomarker in response to chronic stress in mice.PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate acupuncture use among breast cancer survivors, including perceived symptom improvements and referral patterns. METHODS Breast cancer survivors who had used acupuncture for cancer- or treatment-related symptoms were identified using an ongoing prospective Mayo Clinic Breast Disease Registry (MCBDR). Additionally, Mayo Clinic electronic health records (MCEHR) were queried to identify eligible participants. BRD7389 inhibitor All received a mailed consent form and survey including acupuncture-related questions about acupuncture referrals, delivery, and costs. Respondents were also asked to recall symptom severity before and after acupuncture treatment and time to benefit on Likert scales. RESULTS Acupuncture use was reported among 415 participants (12.3%) of the MCBDR. Among MCBDR and MCEHR eligible participants, 241 women returned surveys. A total of 193 (82.1%) participants reported a symptomatic benefit from acupuncture, and 57 (24.1% of participants) reported a "substantial benefit" or "totally resolved my symptoms" (corresponding to 4 and 5 on the 5-point Likert scale). The mean symptom severity decreased by at least 1 point of the 5-point scale for each symptom; the percentage of patients who reported an improvement in symptoms ranged from 56% (lymphedema) to 79% (headache). The majority of patients reported time to benefit as "immediate" (34%) or "after a few treatments" (40.4%). Over half of the participants self-referred for treatment; 24.1% were referred by their oncologist. Acupuncture delivery was more frequent in private offices (61.0%) than in hospital or medical settings (42.3%). Twelve participants (5.1%) reported negative side effects, such as discomfort. CONCLUSIONS Acupuncture is commonly utilized by patients for a variety of breast cancer-related symptoms. However, patients frequently self-refer for acupuncture treatments, and most acupuncture care is completed at private offices, rather than medical clinic or hospital settings.PURPOSE The aim of this study was to determine effectiveness of an individual exercise program by starting before hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and continued with home exercise program after discharge up to 100 days after transplantation. METHODS Totally, 50 patients were included in this study, and participants were assigned to two groups as intervention group (IG, n = 25) and control group (CG, n = 25). Participants were assessed at three time points before HSCT, at the discharge, and at the 100th day after HSCT. Functional exercise capacity, physical functions, muscle strength, cognitive functions, quality of life, fatigue, and emotional status of the individuals were assessed. For IG, aerobic, muscle strengthening, endurance, and stretching exercises were performed through hospitalization, and an individual exercise and walking program was advised as home exercise program after discharge. RESULTS Peripheral muscle strength and quality of life level was higher in IG than CG as a result of inpatient supervised exercise program (p ˂ 0.05). At the 100th day, positive effects of the home exercise program on cardiopulmonary exercise capacity, peripheral muscle strength, quality of life, and fatigue level continued when compared with CG (p ˂ 0.05). CONCLUSION As a result of our study, an exercise program continued up to 100 days after HSCT which is individual and partly supervised by a physiotherapist has positive effects on physical functions, clinical status, fatigue, and quality of life level throughout HSCT. Exercise programs for individuals undergoing HSCT should be performed day by day according to the patients' daily clinical and hematologic status and their performance capacity.BACKGROUND While several studies have documented fatigue during and after cancer treatment, long-term cancer survivor fatigue is underreported. In this study, we compare fatigue, quality of life (QoL), and anxiety between relapse-free cancer survivors 15 years after diagnosis and healthy controls. METHODS Cancer survivors (CS) were randomly selected from three large population-based cancer registries (Bas-Rhin, Calvados, and Doubs, France). Cancer-free controls were randomly selected from electoral lists with stratification on age group, residence area, and gender. All participants completed self-reported fatigue (MFI), QoL (EORTC QLQ-C30), and anxiety (STAI) questionnaires. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression were used to study the association between fatigue and cancer status, in three cancer subgroups breast cancer (BC), cervical cancer (CC), and colorectal cancer (CRC). RESULTS Two hundred sixty-three CS and 688 controls (125/275, 45/153, 93/260 CS/controls for BC, CC, and CRC respectively) were included. The mean age was 66 years. In multivariable analyses, CS had higher general and mental fatigue than controls p = 0.04 and p = 0.02, respectively. No difference in QoL was observed between CS and controls. CS were more anxious than controls (p  less then  0.01). Anxiety was associated with general fatigue (p  less then  0.0001) and mental fatigue (p  less then  0.0001). CONCLUSION Fifteen years after diagnosis, cancer survivors reported more general and mental fatigue compared with controls. Our results reinforce guidelines, identifying fatigue as a persistent symptom.PURPOSE Gastrointestinal cancer is frequently associated with malignant ascites, resulting in poor prognosis. While cell-free and concentrated ascites reinfusion therapy (CART) improves ascites-related symptoms, its clinical impact in combination with systemic chemotherapy is unclear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of CART in gastrointestinal cancer patients with massive ascites treated with chemotherapy. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of gastrointestinal cancer patients with massive ascites who received CART and chemotherapy at our hospital between July 2015 and September 2017. RESULTS A total of 30 patients received CART and chemotherapy gastric cancer (n = 21) and colorectal cancer (n = 9). The initial CART improved performance status in 20% of the patients, and the mean serum albumin and creatinine was significantly improved. Median time to treatment failure and overall survival of chemotherapy following CART were 2.1 and 3.5 months in gastric cancer patients and 5.8 and 5.8 months in colorectal cancer patients, respectively. The frequency of paracentesis was decreased after introduction of CART followed by chemotherapy in 83% of gastric cancer and in all colorectal cancer patients who had received paracentesis before the initial CART. There were no grade 3/4 adverse events during the CART procedure. Grade 3/4 hematotoxic and non-hematotoxic adverse events of chemotherapy following CART were 30% and less than 10%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The combination of CART followed by chemotherapy is safe and could be a treatment option for gastrointestinal cancer patients with massive ascites.PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and safety of superior vena cava (SVC) isolation in addition to standard pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) using the second-generation cryoballoon (CB) in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. METHODS Thirty-seven consecutive patients that underwent CB ablation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) were prospectively enrolled in our study. After PVI the SVC was mapped for potentials. If the SVC exhibited electrical activity, isolation was achieved performing a single 180-s balloon application. RESULTS Regarding SVC isolation, 180-s freeze in the SVC could be completed in 32 (86.4%) patients, and 5 patients had at least 120 s of freezing application (13.5%). Real-time recording during SVC isolation was observed in 30 (81.0%) patients. The mean time to isolation was 36.9 ± 28.7 s and the temperature at isolation was - 33 (- 15 to - 40) °C. No cases developed persistent phrenic nerve palsy (PNP) or any other complication. CONCLUSIONS Superior vena cava isolation proved to be safe and feasible with the second generation cryoballoon in a prospective series of patients affected by PAF.BACKGROUND Recurrence of atrial tachyarrhythmias after ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) is common, although consensus guidelines advise against immediate re-ablation of "early recurrences" (occurring ≤ 90 days after ablation). However, recent studies show early recurrence is associated with "late recurrence" (occurring > 90 days) and question the duration of this "blanking period." We investigated incidence and timing of early recurrence in relation to late recurrence in a large nationwide cohort. METHODS From Danish nationwide registers, we included all patients aged 18 and older who underwent first-time ablation for AF between January 2005 and April 2017 and followed them for up to 2 years. RESULTS Of the total 7339 patients included (72% male; median age 62 years), 2801 (38%) experienced early recurrence. The odds of late recurrence were 2.34 times higher (95% confidence interval, 2.09-2.63; P  less then  0.001) given early recurrence, compared with those without early recurrence. In particular, both timing and frequency of early recurrences were associated with a significantly higher odds of late recurrence in a graded relationship odds ratio (OR) 2.