Kornumlong6541

40 patients in group A and 25 in group B had intraoperative awareness. 1 patient in group A and 3 in group B had vomiting and 1 patient in group B was presented with the hallucinations. CONCLUSION Overall use of ketamine is associated with better sedation and no significant side effects with low doses of ketamine, were seen in our study. Comparative studies using other analgesics, with larger sample size are therefore recommended. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.AIMS Development of novel anti-breast cancer agents. BACKGROUND Breast cancer, caused by the development of malignant cells in the breast, is the most common invasive cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death in women after lung cancer. One in eight women worldwide develop breast cancer during their lifetime, and the International Agency for Research on Cancer estimated that breast cancer resulted in 2.1 million new cases and 627,000 deaths in 2018. Anticancer agents are critical for the treatment of breast cancer, but the cost is pretty high mean per patient per month costs of breast cancer were to be $2,896 (median $1,940). Moreover, the increasing emergency of drug-resistant breast cancers and the toxic side effects of the drugs have already put heavy burden on the effective control and eradication of breast cancers. OBJECTIVE The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of bis-isatin scaffolds with alkyl/ether linkers between the two isatin moieties against different human breast cancer cell lines including MCF-7, AU565, MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-435 and MDA-MB-468 cells. METHOD The bis-isatin scaffolds 4, 8 along with the references Doxorubicin and Cisplatin were evaluated for their in vitro activity against MCF-7, AU565, MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-435, and MDA-MB-468 human breast cancer cell lines by MTT assay. RESULT The bis-isatin scaffolds 4 and 8 were sensitive to MCF-7, AU565, MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-435, and MDA-MB-468 human breast cancer cell lines, and the most active compound 4e was no inferior to that of Cisplatin, highlighting the significance of exploring the bis-isatin scaffolds to fight against breast cancers. CONCLUSION The bis-isatin scaffolds are useful templates for the development of novel anticancer agents Other The enriched SAR may set up the direction for the rational design and development of novel bis-isatin scaffolds with higher efficiency. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.AIMS To develop novel anticancer candidates which are sensitive to both drug-sensitive and drug-resistant cancers, a series of 1-[(1R, 2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]ciprofloxacin-(4-methyl/phenyl/benzyl-3-aryl)-1,2,4-triazole-5(4H)-thione hybrids were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their anticancer activity. BACKGROUND Chemotherapy is an essential tool for the treatment of cancers, and numerous anticancer agents have been launched for this purpose. However, the clinical outcomes of chemotherapy are usually far from satisfactory due to the side effects and resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs. Thus, it is urgent to develop novel anticancer agents. check details OBJECTIVE To enrich the anticancer SAR of 1-[(1R, 2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]ciprofloxacin-(4-methyl/phenyl/benzyl-3-aryl)-1,2,4-triazole-5(4H)-thione hybrids and develop these hybrids as dual-acting mechanism anticancer agents. METHOD 1-[(1R, 2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]ciprofloxacin-1,2,4-triazole-5(4H)-thione hybrids were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for in vitro anticancer activity against drug-sensitive lung (A549), breast (MCF-7) cancer cell lines and their drug-resistant counterparts A549/CDDP (cisplatin-resistant), MCF-7/ADM (doxorubicin-resistant) cells. The most active hybrid 7k was selected for further evaluation of its inhibitory activity against topoisomerase II and EGFR. RESULT These hybrids possess equally activity against both drug-sensitive cancer cells and their drug-resistant counterparts, and the majority of them were no inferior to the reference Vorinostat. The mechanistic study revealed that these hybrids could inhibit both topoisomerase II and EGFR, so these hybrids can be developed as dual-acting mechanism anticancer agents. CONCLUSION These hybrids could serve as dual-acting mechanism anticancer candidates to fight against both drug-sensitive and drug-resistant cancers. Other These hybrids could act as lead compounds for further investigations. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.1,3,5-Triazine and azole can interact with various therapeutic targets, and their derivatives possess promising in vitro and in vivo anticancer activity. Hybrid molecules have the potential to enhance efficiency, overcome drug resistance and reduce side effects, and many hybrid molecules are under different phase clinical trials, so hybridization of 1,3,5-triazine with azole may provide valuable therapeutic intervention for the treatment of cancer. Substantial efforts have been made to develop azole-containing 1,3,5-triazine hybrids as novel anticancer agents, and some of them exhibited excellent activity. This review emphasizes azole-containing 1,3,5-triazine hybrids with potential anticancer activity, and the structure-activity relationships as well as the mechanisms of action are also discussed to provide a low-height flying bird's eye view for a comprehensive and target oriented information for the development of this kind of anticancer drugs. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.Heterocyclic compounds play significant role in various biological processes of human body and many of them are in clinical use due to their diverse, chemical and biological properties. Among these, indole is one of most promising pharmacologically active molecules. Due to its chemical reactivity, indole has been willingly modified to obtain a variety of new lead molecules, which has been successfully utilized to obtained novel drug candidates for the treatment of different pharmacological diseases. Indole-based compounds such as vincristine (Anticancer), reserpine (Antihypertensive), amedalin (Antidepressant) and many more describe the medicinal and pharmacological importance of the indole in uplifting human life. In this review, we compiled various reports on indole derivatives from 2015 onwards and their biological significance including antifungal, antiprotozoal, antiplatelet, anti-Alzheimer's, anti-Parkinson's, antioxidant and anticancer potential. In addition, structure activity relationship studies of the different derivatives have been included.