Kornumarildsen4918

3%) patients reached ESKD at a median time to ESKD of 84.8 (range 0.1-104.7) months. Both the eight- and four-variable KFRE models showed excellent predictive performance and discrimination (eight-variable C-index 0.872, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.850-0.894, adequacy index 97.3%; four-variable C-index 0.874, 95% CI 0.852-0.896, adequacy index 97.9%). There was no incremental improvement in the prediction ability of the eight-variable model over the four-variable model in this cohort.

The KFRE was validated in a multi-ethnic Singapore CKD cohort. This risk score may help to identify patients requiring early renal care.

The KFRE was validated in a multi-ethnic Singapore CKD cohort. This risk score may help to identify patients requiring early renal care.

The obesity paradox, where obesity is associated with improved survival, has been described in patients undergoing haemodialysis and in heart failure. It was also demonstrated in patients undergoing valve replacement for aortic stenosis (AS). We explored this phenomenon in medically managed severe AS.

154 patients with medically managed severe AS (aortic valve area index [AVAi] < 0.6 cm2/m2; mean pressure gradient > 40 mmHg and peak velocity > 400 cm/s) and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (> 50%) were categorised into the obese (body mass index [BMI] Asian cut-off ≥ 27.5 kg/m2) and non-obese groups. Their clinical and echocardiographic profiles were compared.

24 (15.6%) patients were obese. Obese patients were similar to non-obese patients in age (68.5 ± 11.6 vs. 68.9 ± 13.1 years) but had higher prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors. Left atrial diameter (43.7 ± 6.7 vs. 38.5 ± 10.2 mm) was larger in obese patients, while left ventricular outflow tract diameter (19.5 ± 1.7 vs. 20.4 ± 2.1 mm) was smaller. Despite lower AVAi in obese patients (0.36 ± 0.10 vs. 0.43 ± 0.11 cm2/m2), there was lower mortality (37.5% vs. 41.0%, log-rank 4.06, p = 0.045) on follow-up (8.0 ± 5.7 years). After adjusting for age and AVA, higher BMI ≥ 27.5 kg/m2 remained protective for mortality (hazard ratio 0.38, 95% confidence interval 0.15 to 0.98, p = 0.046).

We demonstrated that obesity was associated with improved survival in severe AS despite lower AVAi and increased prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors.

We demonstrated that obesity was associated with improved survival in severe AS despite lower AVAi and increased prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors.

This study aimed to compare nurses’ perceptions of self-reported pain, the recorded pain score, and pain treatment according to the patient’s facial expression.

In this descriptive cross-sectional survey, the participants were 472 nurses working at a tertiary hospital in Seoul, Korea. Dolutegravir price A self-report questionnaire presented nurses with a smiling patient complaining of acute post-surgical pain and a grimacing patient with cancer pain, both of whom reported a pain level of 8 out of 10, and asked nurses to indicate their perception of the pain intensity, the pain score that they would record, and the medication that they would provide for each patient.

The pain intensity perceived by nurses for the grimacing patient was significantly higher than that for the smiling patient (P<0.001). The recorded pain score was likewise significantly higher for the grimacing patient than for the smiling patient (P<0.001). There was a significant difference in the amount of morphine chosen by the nurses for pain interventions between the smiling and grimacing patients (P=0.040). Higher perceived pain intensity and score were associated with higher administered doses of morphine.

These findings suggest that nurses might be affected by patients’ facial expressions when treating pain. A pain management program should be developed that trains nurses to accurately recognize pain hidden in patients’ faces and provides them with the knowledge of how to appropriately assess and manage patients’ pain.

These findings suggest that nurses might be affected by patients’ facial expressions when treating pain. A pain management program should be developed that trains nurses to accurately recognize pain hidden in patients’ faces and provides them with the knowledge of how to appropriately assess and manage patients’ pain.

Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in women worldwide. Educational and awareness programs impact early practices of breast self-examination, resulting in the early detection of cancer and thereby decreasing mortality. The study aimed to assess the levels of knowledge and awareness of breast cancer and breast self-examination among medical and nursing students in Oman and to compare their knowledge, attitudes, and skills after a training program.

This quasi-experimental study was carried out for female 90 medical and 80 nursing students in Oman in November 2019. A pre-test questionnaire was given before the training program and a post-test questionnaire was administered after the training program. Students’ knowledge, attitude, and skills regarding breast cancer and breast self-examination were compared. Scores for skills of practicing breast self-examination were compared between lecture and activity group and lecture-only group.

Pre-test and post-test data were collected from 170 female students. Significant improvements were observed in the post-test scores for students’ knowledge, attitude, and skills after the intervention (P<0.001). The mean scores for skills of practicing breast self-examination after the lecture and the activity were higher than those obtained after the lecture only (P=0.014 for medical students and P=0.016 for nursing students).

An educational training program on breast cancer and breast self-examination with an emphasis on skills can motivate participants to perform breast self-examination regularly, and may therefore help students to train other women to perform breast self-examination for the early detection of breast cancer.

An educational training program on breast cancer and breast self-examination with an emphasis on skills can motivate participants to perform breast self-examination regularly, and may therefore help students to train other women to perform breast self-examination for the early detection of breast cancer.