Kokdiaz3791

A nonlinear relationship (inverted "U" shape) between environmental responsibility and environmental performance was found. The study results stress to establish a fair and perfect market competition mechanism to improve the environmental performance of chemical industries in China.In this study, the toxic effects of monosodium glutamate (MSG), which is the sodium salt of glutamic acid and used as a flavor-enhancing additive in foods, and the protective role of cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.) extract against these effects were investigated using Allium cepa L. test material with physiological, cytogenetic, and biochemical parameters. In the study, physiological changes were evaluated by determining root length, weight gain, and rooting percentage; genetic changes were evaluated by chromosomal abnormalities, micronucleus (MN) formation, mitotic index ratio (MI), and DNA damage. Oxidative stress was evaluated by determining the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT). Further, the relationships between oxidative stress and other parameters in the study were investigated. The antimutagenic effect of P. peruviana L. extract was evaluated as inhibition caused by MSG-induced chromosomal abnormalities (CAs) and DNA damage. In t the use of P. peruviana L. in addition to daily nutrition has been found to be a good antioxidant nutrient in reducing the effects of exposed toxic substances.Arsenic (As) indelibly exists in the environment and may reach to a food chain. Flavors and herbs are recognized sources of natural antioxidants that play imperative against harmful chemical pollutants. Ginger is utilized around the world as a zesty condiment. This study assessed the ability of ginger extract (GE) as a protector to improve regenerative disabilities initiated by sodium arsenate in reproductive functions in male rats. Thirty-two Sprague-Dawley male rats weighted 240 ± 10 g were arbitrarily relegated into four experimental groups (n = 8) the control group; the GE-treated group received at 100 mg/kg BW; the As-treated group received sodium arsenite at 10 mg/kg BW; the fourth group received sodium arsenite additionally GE at mentioned doses for 4 weeks. Phytochemical results of GE revealed that GE had good antioxidative characteristics and high content of total flavonoid, tannins, alkaloids, and total phenolic components. Simultaneously, treatment of GE showed protection against oxidative stress induced by As and restoration of the serum cholesterol, testosterone, LH, and sperm parameter to normal levels. GE significantly improved the antioxidant activities (GSH, SOD, and CAT) as well as H2O2 and MDA in rats received concurrently the GE and As compared with control group. Moreover, the expression of genes controlling the cholesterol transportation and testosterone synthesis (SR-B1, StAR, CYP11A1, 3b-HSD, 17b-HSD, and CYP17a) as well as LHR showed a meaningful improvement in rats treated by GE plus As compared with their expression in the As-treated group. Besides, GE treatment exhibited significant recovered testis histopathological alterations, reduced the arsenic content in testes, and improved the sperm parameters.Microorganisms have a major influence on soil biogeochemical processes and vegetation establishment. However, their long-term succession patterns and short-term turnover are not well-understood in artificial forest ecosystems. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of stand ages and seasons on soil bacterial community in a chronosequence of Chinese Pinus massoniana plantations, in 3, 19, and 58-year-old plots. Soil physicochemical properties were measured in three stand ages between two seasons (dry-rainy). The soil bacterial community composition was determined by 16S rRNA Illumina HiSeq sequencing. The results showed that soil bacterial community diversity and structure significantly differed among three stand ages, but was not different between two seasons. The diversity of soil bacterial community increased with an increase in stand age. Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, and Actinobacteria were the dominant phyla in the three stands. The soil bacterial community structure in all the stands was influenced by soil pH, available phosphorus content, and litter phosphorus content. With the accumulation of available phosphorus, the relative abundance of Acidobacteria decreased, while that of Proteobacteria increased. These shifts suggested that dominant microbial communities transitioned from oligotrophic to copiotrophic with increasing stand age. Extending rotation periods could increase soil bacterial diversity, and in turn help improving soil quality of P. massoniana plantations.The monthly and spatial variations of atmospheric dustfall (DF) and their elemental components were determined. The DF sampling was performed using the ASTM method D-1739 from April 2017 to March 2018 in four urban and suburb sampling sites around Tabriz, Iran. BRD-6929 manufacturer The ICP-OES was utilized for the determination of the elemental components of DF.The results showed that the level of DF varied from 1.3 to 27.6 (8.0 ± 3.4) g/m2.month during the sampling period, and the level of DF was higher in warm seasons than cold seasons. Also, it was revealed that the mean DF has a direct and significant relationship with temperature, wind speed, and relative humidity.The elements of Fe (11,997-17,093 mg/Kg and 71-81%) and Al (2903-6852 mg/Kg and 14-25%), which are the main elements of the Earth crust, were the dominant metals of DF among the analyzed elements. The lowest average value of the enrichment factor (EF) was for Al and was 10 in all the sites, indicating that anthropogenic emission sources spread a considerable amount of trace elements in DF compared to the Lake Urmia bed or soil. The EF values for various elements (except than Cu and Hg) in cold seasons considerably increased compared to warm seasons.In all the study sites, Fe (540-1307 mg/m2.yr) had the highest deposition rates among the metals. This study revealed that the Earth crust is the main source of DF in the region.Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by alterations in monoamines, oxidative stress, and metabolic dysfunctions. We aim to assess the therapeutic impacts of roots or leaf extract from Urtica dioica (UD; stinging nettle) against scopolamine (SCOP)-induced memory dysfunction, amnesia, and oxidative stress in rats. Spatial memory was assessed by Y maze test. Tissue analyses of norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA), serotonin (5-HT), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), glutathione (GSH, GSSG), AMP, ADP, and ATP were assessed by HPLC. mRNA levels of Tau and Hsp70 were estimated by PCR. UD extracts particularly nettle root (NR) significantly normalized the SCOP-induced memory deficits even more potent than sermion (SR) and donepezil (DON). Similarly, NR had potent therapeutic impacts on the levels of cortical and hippocampal monoamines e.g. DA, NE, and 5-HT. SCOP induced a dramatic oxidative stress as measured by MDA, NO, and GSSG levels; however, UD extracts showed significant anti-oxidative stress impacts.