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trol, communication priorities, and treatment goals that were identified in the STEP Survey provide opportunities to improve patient care and outcomes through more effective two-way communication and alignment of goals among patients with epilepsy, caregivers, and HCPs.

Treatment with antiseizure medications (ASMs) confers a risk of drug-induced liver injury (DILI), especially for older ASMs. We sought to quantify recent reports of DILI attributed to both older and newer generation ASMs and survey newly marketed ASMs for hepatotoxicity in a large post-marketing database.

We queried over 2.6 million adverse event reports made to the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database between July 1, 2018 and March 31, 2020 for DILI due to ASMs commonly used in clinical practice. Patient characteristics and outcomes were assessed. We calculated the reporting odds ratio (ROR) of DILI for each individual ASM versus all non-ASM reports.

A total of 2175 DILI cases were attributed to an ASM during the study period. 97.2% of these were designated as serious reactions, which include death, hospitalization, disability, and other life-threatening outcomes. A number of older and newer generation ASMs were associated with DILI, specifically carbamazepine (ROR 2.92), phenobarbital (o enter into widespread clinical use.

Most antiseizure medications (ASM) need to be titrated before the optimal dose is achieved. Titration can last several weeks to months. We assessed the impact titration schedules have on ASM treatment-related decisions in the United States (US).

An online survey was conducted with different healthcare providers (HCPs) in the US involved in the treatment and management of patients with epilepsy. The survey contained three sections the first section with screening questions; the second on key factors that influence a HCP's decision-making when selecting treatments for different types of seizures and different treatment lines; and the third on the HCP's knowledge and perceptions regarding ASM titration for the treatment of patients with epilepsy.

One-hundred and fifty HCPs (63% neurologists) completed the survey. Most HCPs considered titration schedule to be important, with only 1-3% of HCPs, depending on type of seizure, considering the titration schedule to be "not important at all" when prescribing therppropriately.

Ki-67 is a key molecular marker to indicate the proliferative activity of tumor cells in lung cancer. However, Ki-67 expression and its prognostic significance in histological subtypes of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remain unclear.

We retrospectively analyzed 1028 invasive LUAD patients who underwent surgery treatment between January 2012 and April 2020 in our department. Associations between Ki-67 expression and histological subtypes of LUAD, as well as other clinicopathological characteristics, were evaluated. The prognostic role of Ki-67 in LUAD subtypes was further assessed using log-rank test and univariate/multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses.

Ki-67 expression differed across LUAD histological subtypes. The solid-predominant adenocarcinoma (SPA, 46.31 ± 24.72) had the highest expression level of Ki-67, followed by micropapillary (MPA, 31.71 ± 18.14), papillary (PPA, 22.09 ± 19.61), acinar (APA, 19.73 ± 18.71) and lepidic-predominant adenocarcinoma (LPA, 9.86 ± 8.10, P <  0.0ding to the predominant histological subtypes of LUAD. Ki-67 expression level and tumor size contributed to the survival differences between LUAD histological subtypes.

There are limited data on the role for chemotherapy in patients > 80 years old with advanced stage non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). We used the National Cancer Database (NCDB) to evaluate treatment patterns and outcomes for patients ≥80 years old with advanced NSCLC.

We identified patients diagnosed with metastatic NSCLC between 2004 and 2014. We divided them into two groups < 80 years old (n = 218,365) and ≥ 80 years old (n = 33,352). Patient characteristics including median age at diagnosis, gender, ethnicity, histology, chemotherapy status, tumor grade, treatment center, insurance status, income, education, and Charlson-Deyo co-morbidity index were collected. Continuous variables were compared using t-test and categorical variables were compared using chi-square or Fisher's exact test. Multivariable (MV) and propensity matched analyses were performed to analyze the impact of chemotherapy on overall survival.

We identified 33,352 patients > 80 years old diagnosed with advanced NSCLC. On in ≥80 years old patients with advanced stage NSCLC. Despite improved survival and an increase in the proportion of ≥80 years old patients diagnosed with advanced NSCLC, less than one-third receive chemotherapy.

Providing emergent literacy intervention and assessing outcomes for children with low-incidence, complex disabilities with concomitant physical, cognitive, sensory, and communication impairments presents a significant challenge to researchers, educators, clinicians, and families alike.

This study aimed to leverage advancements in commercially available eyetracking technologies to measure visual attention to print before and after a parentmediated print referencing intervention with a child with a severe, low incidence, congenital disability. Print referencing means drawing attention to the print on the page while reading.

The single case study investigated a mother-daughter dyad who completed the protocol using eye-gaze technology, digital children's books, and a computer configured with software for observing and recording interactions that were shipped to the family's home and set up by the mother with remote support from a researcher.

Results demonstrate that the eye-tracker successfully captured the participant's eye-gaze. Furthermore, mean-level shifts in frequency of fixations demonstrates changes in visual attention to print after the parent introduced the print referencing strategy during reading.

Commercially available eye-trackers and digital libraries were successfully used by the parent-child dyad to record visual attention. Furthermore, remote support from a trained researcher was sufficient to support the parent through set-up, calibration, intervention, and implementation.

Commercially available eye-trackers and digital libraries were successfully used by the parent-child dyad to record visual attention. Furthermore, remote support from a trained researcher was sufficient to support the parent through set-up, calibration, intervention, and implementation.

Children often experience pain and anxiety during a hospital stay. Effective pain and anxiety management plays a crucial role in healing. However, recent literature has highlighted multiple barriers to managing pain and anxiety in children, such as parent and provider fears of the adverse effects of pain and anxiety medications.

A database search was conducted for articles published between 2009 and 2019 to evaluate the impact of nurse-led, music-based interventions as an adjunct method of pain and anxiety management in hospitalized children. Articles were included if study subjects were ages 0-21 years old, the study used live or recorded music as an intervention, and occurred in an inpatient setting.

A total of seven randomized control trials and one quasi-experimental study were included for analysis.

There is consistent and significant evidence that music can reduce anxiety in hospitalized children before and during procedures. selleck Results with respect to pain and vital signs, often viewed as the physiologic analogs to pain, were mixed.

Music-based interventions are safe for hospitalized children. Several studies highlighted the importance of patient preference in selecting music for children. A heavy reliance on pre-recorded audio, delivered via headphones illustrates the feasibility and cost-effectiveness of music-based interventions.

Nurse-led, music-based interventions have been shown to be an affordable, safe, effective, and feasible alternative for managing anxiety in hospitalized children. Music should be considered as an adjunct therapy to traditional anxiety treatment. Further research is needed to determine the effects of music on pain.

Nurse-led, music-based interventions have been shown to be an affordable, safe, effective, and feasible alternative for managing anxiety in hospitalized children. Music should be considered as an adjunct therapy to traditional anxiety treatment. Further research is needed to determine the effects of music on pain.

Opioid abuse is a chronic disorder likely involving stable neuroplastic modifications. While a number of molecules contributing to these changes have been identified, the broader spectrum of genes and gene networks that are affected by repeated opioid administration remain understudied.

We employed Next-Generation RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) followed by quantitative chromatin immunoprecipitation to investigate changes in gene expression and their regulation in adult male and female rats' dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) after a regimen of daily injection of morphine (5.0 mg/kg; 10 days). Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) was used to analyze affected molecular pathways, gene networks, and associated regulatory factors. A complementary behavioral study evaluated the effects of the same morphine injection regimen on locomotor activity, pain sensitivity, and somatic withdrawal signs.

Behaviorally, repeated morphine injection induced locomotor hyperactivity and hyperalgesia in both sexes. 90 % of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in morphine-treated rats were upregulated in both males and females, with a 35 % overlap between sexes. A substantial number of DEGs play roles in synaptic signaling and neuroplasticity. Chromatin immunoprecipitation revealed enrichment of H3 acetylation, a transcriptionally activating chromatin mark. Although broadly similar, some differences were revealed in the gene ontology networks enriched in females and males.

Our results cohere with findings from previous studies based on a priori gene selection. Our results also reveal novel genes and molecular pathways that are upregulated by repeated morphine exposure, with some common to males and females and others that are sex-specific.

Our results cohere with findings from previous studies based on a priori gene selection. Our results also reveal novel genes and molecular pathways that are upregulated by repeated morphine exposure, with some common to males and females and others that are sex-specific.This study examined sexual orientation and gender identity differences in co-occurring depressive symptoms and substance use disorders (SUDs) among young adults in the Growing Up Today Study national cohort (n = 12,347; ages 20-35; 93% non-Hispanic white). Self-administered questionnaires assessed recent co-occurring depressive symptoms and probable nicotine dependence, alcohol use disorder, and drug use disorder. Multinomial logistic regressions with generalized estimating equations quantified differences in prevalences of depressive symptoms only, SUDs only, and co-occurrence, among sexual minorities (mostly heterosexual; lesbian, gay, and bisexual [LGB]) compared to completely heterosexual participants, and gender minorities compared to cisgender participants. Analyses stratified by sex assigned at birth revealed sexual minorities evidenced greater odds of co-occurrence than their completely heterosexual counterparts (assigned female AORs 3.11-9.80, ps  less then  0.0001; assigned male AORs 2.90-4.87, ps  less then  0.