Klintbruhn3188
There was a significant increase in MHKS score (p<0.001, Cohen's d=0.59) and a significant reduction in the MICA score (p=0.016, Cohen's d=0.31) after the intervention. However, there was no change in empathy and social distance, as measured by JSE (p=0.23) and SDS (p=0.31). A majority of the faculty and students were satisfied with the module and felt it should be part of the psychiatry curriculum.
The SEA module was found to improve medical students' knowledge and attitude towards mental illness and could be integrated as part of the psychiatry curriculum. However, it was ineffective in changing empathy and stigma in the students.
The SEA module was found to improve medical students' knowledge and attitude towards mental illness and could be integrated as part of the psychiatry curriculum. However, it was ineffective in changing empathy and stigma in the students.
We aim to analyze factors associated with readmission after tonsillectomy to understand socioeconomic factors associated with readmission.
Single institution retrospective study of pediatric patients undergoing tonsillectomy over an 8 year study period, comparing patients who required readmission for bleeding concerns or pain/dehydration to those who did not require readmission.
Of the 14,152 tonsillectomy patients, 508 (3.6%) were readmitted with 423 (83.3%) for bleeding concerns and 85 (16.7%) for pain or dehydration. Overall readmission was more likely in age >6 years (OR 1.61, 95% CI 1.34-1.92, P<0.001), while poverty level below 10% (OR 0.79, 95% CI 0.66-0.94, P=0.008) and parental college education above 25% (OR 0.79, 95% CI 0.65-0.96, P=0.016) were associated with lower incidence of overall readmission. For patients readmitted for bleeding concerns, age >6 years (OR 1.66, 95% CI 1.37-2.02, P<0.001) was associated with readmission on multivariate analysis. Within the pain/dehydration group, African American race was associated with increased readmission rates, while poverty level below 10% and parental college education above 25% were associated with decreased readmission rates.
Socioeconomic factors and age play a role in readmission rates following pediatric tonsillectomy.
Socioeconomic factors and age play a role in readmission rates following pediatric tonsillectomy.
This study examined the direct and indirect effects of stress associated with the pandemic on student nurses' life satisfaction and psychological well-being through the intermediary role of resilience.
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has brought additional stress to those in nursing programs, who were already under high pressure. This has resulted in increased mental and psychological issues in student nurses. The role of resilience as a mediator reducing the effects of pandemic-associated stress on student nurses' outcomes remains unexplored.
Cross-sectional study.
This was an online survey that used four standardized scales and was completed by 301 student nurses in the Philippines. The data were collected from September 2020 to October 2020.
Filipino student nurses experienced stress associated with the pandemic at a high level; however, their resilience, life satisfaction and psychological well-being were found to be moderate to high. Increased pandemic-associated stress was associated with reduced life satisfaction and poorer psychological well-being. Further, resilience was found to reduce the negative effects of pandemic-associated stress on the life satisfaction and psychological well-being of student nurses.
This study highlights the importance of building resilience in student nurses during the coronavirus pandemic to sustain their mental and psychological well-being and improve their life satisfaction.
This study highlights the importance of building resilience in student nurses during the coronavirus pandemic to sustain their mental and psychological well-being and improve their life satisfaction.
Shigellosis is one of the infectious diseases causing severe intestinal illness in human beings. Development of an effective vaccine against Shigella is a key to deal with this bacterium. The present study aimed at evaluation of the antibody response as well as the protection of the recombinant chimeric protein containing IpaD, IpaB, StxB, and VirG against Shigella dysentery and flexneri.
Chimeric protein was expressed and purified by Ni-NTA resin. The identity of the protein was determined by Western blot analysis. Mouse groups were immunized with the recombinant protein and the humoral immune response was measured by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Additionally, neutralization of the bacterial toxin by antibody was assessed by MTT assay. Animal challenge against S.dysentery and S. flexneri was evaluated, as well.
Protein expression and purification were confirmed by SDS-PAGE and western blotting. Analysis of the immune responses demonstrated that the antibody responses were higher in the sera of the subcutaneously immunized mice compared to those immunized intraperitoneally. In vitro neutralization analysis indicated that the 110000 dilution of the sera had a high ability to neutralize 0.25ng/µl (CD50) of the toxin on the Vero cell line. Furthermore, the results of the animal challenge showed that the immunized mice were completely protected against 50 LD50 of the bacterial toxin. Immunization also protected 80% of the mice from 10 LD
by S. flexneri and S.dysentery. In addition, passive immunization conferred 60% protection in the mice against S. flexneri and S.dysentery. Organ burden studies also revealed a significant reduction in infection among the immunized mice.
This study revealed that the chimeric protein produced inE. selleck chemicals llc colicould be a promising chimeric immunogen candidate against Shigella.
This study revealed that the chimeric protein produced inE. colicould be a promising chimeric immunogen candidate against Shigella.This work evaluated the immunomodulatory and anti-infective effects of Cratylia mollis lectin (Cramoll) in a model of wound infection induced by S. aureus. Swiss mice were divided into 3 groups (n = 12/group) non-inoculated (Control group); inoculated with S. aureus (Sa group); inoculated with S. aureus and treated with Cramoll (Sa + Cramoll group). In each animal, one lesion (64 mm2) was induced on the back and contaminated with S. aureus (~4.0 × 106 CFU/wound). The treatment with Cramoll (5 μg/animal/day) started 1-day post-infection (dpi) and extended for 10 days. Clinical parameters (wound size, inflammatory aspects, etc.) were daily recorded; while cytokines levels, bacterial load and histological aspects were determined in the cutaneous tissue at 4th dpi or 11th dpi. The mice infected with S. aureus exhibited a delay in wound contraction and the highest inflammatory scores. These effects were impaired by the treatment with Cramoll which reduced the release of key inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, NO, VEGF) and the bacterial load at wound tissue. Histological evaluations showed a restauration of skin structures in the animals treated with Cramoll. Taken together, these results provide more insights about the healing and immunomodulatory properties of Cramoll and suggest this lectin as a lead compound for treatment of wound infection.
The aim of this study is to identify quantitative MR biomarkers in head and neck paragangliomas.
The study was approved by an institutional review board. A retrospective review of patients with head and neck paragangliomas (HNPGL) evaluated by time-resolved MRA sequences between 2009 and 2019 was performed. A control group investigated during the same period was analyzed, including nerve sheath tumors and metastatic lymph nodes from squamous cell carcinomas or undifferentiated nasopharyngeal cancer (UCNT). A gold standard was obtained for all cases. Semi-quantitative parameters of enhancement were extracted from time-intensity curves on time-resolved MRA sequences and diffusion weighted imaging/DWI was assessed for each lesion.
Sixty head and neck paragangliomas (HNPGLs) were included from 50 patients. The control group consisted of 30 parapharyngeal space lesions (27 patients), which included nerve sheath tumors (n=12) and metastatic lymph nodes (n=18) from squamous cell carcinomas or UCNT. PGLs showed a shorter time-to-peak value compared to other groups, measured at 25.0 +/- 29 sec. The wash-in and wash-out ratios were also significantly higher for PGLs, respectively measured at 5.34±2.99 (p<0,001) and 1.24±0.80 (p<0.001). On DWI sequences, the mean ADC value for PGLs (1.17±0.19 10^-3 mm2/s) was significantly different than the other tumor groups (p<0.001). HNPGLs were clearly distinguishable from other tumors on classification with regression tree based on TTP and ADC values. These distinct group features were also consistent on principal component analysis.
Our study identifies a multiparametric signature for disease subtyping, providing a strong impetus for switching from qualitative to quantitative analysis of deep soft-tissue tumors of the neck.
Our study identifies a multiparametric signature for disease subtyping, providing a strong impetus for switching from qualitative to quantitative analysis of deep soft-tissue tumors of the neck.The current study investigated how people summarize and represent objects with multiple features to cope with the complexity due to the number of objects and feature dimensions. We presented a set of circles whose color and size were either correlated perfectly (r = 1) or not correlated at all (r = 0). Using a membership identification task, we found that participants formed a statistical representation that included information about conjunctions as well as each color and size dimensions. In addition, we found that participants represented different set boundaries depending on the correlation between features of a set. Lastly, a pair-matching task revealed that participants predicted one feature value from the other feature value based on the correlation between features of a set. Our findings suggest that people represent a multi-feature ensemble statistically as a multivariate feature distribution, which is an efficient strategy to cope with scene complexity.The highlands evoke both fascination and awe. Regardless of the reason to live in the highlands, symptoms related to altitude sickness are unbearable because of low atmospheric pressure, low oxygen concentration, strong ultraviolet radiation, cold, and psychological factors. Food and herbal medicines and/or health-care foods have protected highland dwellers owing to their multisystem regulation. These versatile products combine health-care properties with medical values by enhancing immunity, relieving physical fatigue, improving sleep, and augmenting hypoxia tolerance, with rare side effects. We therefore aimed to provide a more comprehensive analysis of these nutraceuticals, which can be used to prevent and treat symptoms of altitude hypoxia in the Chinese market. Finally, we dissect a new perspective for their promotion and development from molecular aspects.Plastic debris into the environment is a growing threat for the ecosystems and human health. The seafood sector is particularly concerned because it generates plastic losses and can be endangered by plastic contamination. Life cycle assessment (LCA) does not properly consider plastic losses and related impacts, which is a problem in order to find relevant mitigation strategies without burden shifting. This work proposes a methodology for quantifying flows of plastics from the life cycle of the seafood products to the environment. It is based on loss rate and final release rate considering a pre-fate approach as proposed by the Plastic Leak Project. They are defined for 5 types of micro and macro plastic losses lost fishing gears, marine coatings, plastic pellets, tire abrasion and plastic mismanaged at the end-of-life. The methodology is validated with a case study applied to French fish products for which relevant data are available in the Agribalyse 3.0 database. Results show that average plastic losses are from 75 mg to 4345 mg per kg of fish at the consumer, depending on the species and the related fishing method.
