Klinekloster7157

Bias-reduced logistic regression uncovered a risk haplotype in the rhesus MYBPC3 gene, which is frequently disrupted in both human and feline HCM; this haplotype implicates an intronic variant strongly associated with disease in either homozygous or carrier form. Our results highlight that leveraging evolutionary genomic data provides a unique, practical strategy for minimizing population bias in complex disease studies.Our objective was to investigate associations of body size (birth weight and body mass index (BMI)) and growth in height, body fat (adiposity) and lean mass during childhood and adolescence, with risk markers for diabetes in young South Asian adults. We studied 357 men and women aged 21 years from the Pune Children's Study birth cohort. Exposures were 1) birth weight, 21-year BMI, both of these mutually adjusted, and their interaction, and 2) uncorrelated conditional measures of growth in height and proxies for gain in adiposity and lean mass from birth to 8 years (childhood) and 8 to 21 years (adolescence) constructed from birth weight, and weight, height, and skinfolds at 8 and 21 years. Outcomes were plasma glucose and insulin concentrations during an oral glucose tolerance test and derived indices of insulin resistance and secretion. Higher 21-year BMI was associated with higher glucose and insulin concentrations and insulin resistance, and lower disposition index. After adjusting for 21-year BMI, higher birth weight was associated with lower 120-min glucose and insulin resistance, and higher disposition index. In the growth analysis, greater adiposity gain during childhood and adolescence was associated with higher glucose, insulin and insulin resistance, and lower disposition index, with stronger effects from adolescent gain. Greater childhood lean gain and adolescent height gain were associated with lower 120-min glucose and insulin. Consistent with other studies, lower birth weight and higher childhood weight gain increases diabetes risk. Disaggregation of weight gain showed that greater child/adolescent adiposity gain and lower lean and height gain may increase risk.

To propose malnutrition screening methods for the elderly population using predictive multivariate models. Due to the greater risk of nutrition deficiencies in ageing populations, nutritional assessment of the elderly is necessary in primary health care.

This was a cross-sectional study. Multivariate models were obtained by means of discriminant analysis and binary logistic regression. The diagnostic accuracy of each multivariate model was determined and compared with the Chang method based on receiver operating characteristic curves. The optimal cut-point, sensitivity, specificity and Youden index were estimated for each of the models.

The province of Cordoba, Spain.

Two hundred fifty-five patients over the age of 65 years from three health centres and three nursing homes.

Fourteen models for predicting risk of malnutrition were obtained, six by discriminant multivariate analysis and eight by binary logistic regression. Sensitivity ranged from 55·6 to 93·1 % and specificity from 64·9 to 94 %. The mit can be performed by non-medical personnel, making it an accessible, easy and rapid tool in daily clinical practice.

To describe the anthropometry, socioeconomic circumstances, diet and screen time usage of adolescents in India and Africa as context to a qualitative study of barriers to healthy eating and activity.

Cross-sectional survey, including measured height and weight and derived rates of stunting, low BMI, overweight and obesity. Parental schooling and employment status, household assets and amenities, and adolescents' dietary diversity, intake of snack foods, mobile/smartphone ownership and TV/computer time were obtained via a questionnaire.

Four settings each in Africa (rural villages, West Kiang, The Gambia; low-income urban communities, Abidjan, Cote D'Ivoire; low/middle-class urban communities, Jimma, Ethiopia; low-income township, Johannesburg, South Africa) and India (rural villages, Dervan; semi-rural villages, Pune; city slums, Mumbai; low-middle/middle-class urban communities, Mysore).

Convenience samples (n 41-112 per site) of boys and girls, half aged 10-12years and another half aged 15-17years, iet diversity and higher intakes of unhealthy/snack foods.

The aim of the current study is to analyse the trends, determinants of prelacteal feeding (PLF) and its relations with the mode of delivery among infants <24 months over the years 2003-2018.

We pooled data from Turkey Demographic and Health Surveys (TDHS). The key outcome variable was PLF. Factors associated with PLF were analysed by using complex sample multiple logistic regression analysis, separately and merged database.

TDHS in 2003, 2008, 2013 and 2018.

Mother-infant dyads (n 4942).

PLF rates fluctuated between 29·3 and 41·4 %. The most common types of PLF were infant formula (61·1 %) followed by sugar/glucose water (24·9 %) and plain water (9·3 %). PLF rate was 1·51 times higher (95 % CI 1·28, 1·78) in cases delivered by caesarean section as compared with those delivered by vaginal route. According to the initiation time of breast-feeding after delivery, the most significant absolute change in PLF rate was observed within 1 h (10·9 % increase). Delayed initiation of breast-feeding was associated with significantly higher odds of PLF compared with the first hour (1 to < 2 h adjusted OR (AOR) 1·29, 95 % CI 1·04, 1·61; 2-23 h AOR 1·73, 95 % CI 1·42, 2·11; ≥24 h AOR 11·37, 95 % CI 8·81, 14·69).

To eliminate suboptimal breast-feeding practices, counselling on breast-feeding and delivery type during antenatal visits, postnatal breast-feeding support and social support should be provided to all mothers and families.

To eliminate suboptimal breast-feeding practices, counselling on breast-feeding and delivery type during antenatal visits, postnatal breast-feeding support and social support should be provided to all mothers and families.

To examine patterns of taxed and untaxed food and beverage shopping across store types after Mexico's sugary drink and non-essential food taxes, the nutritional quality of these patterns and the socio-economic characteristics associated with them.

We performed k-means cluster analyses using households' percentage of food and beverage purchases from each store type (i.e. convenience stores, traditional shops (e.g. bodegas, tiendas, mom-and-pop shops), supermarkets, wholesalers and others). We calculated adjusted mean proportions of taxed and untaxed products (ml or g/capita per d) purchased in each pattern. We studied the associations between households' SES and shopping patterns using multinomial logistic regressions. Selleck Procyanidin C1 Within shopping patterns, we obtained mean volumes and proportions of taxed and untaxed food and beverage subgroups and calculated the proportion of products purchased at each store type.

Mexico.

Urban Mexican households (n 5493) from the Nielsen Mexico Consumer Panel Survey 2015.

We found four beverage shopping patterns and three food shopping patterns, driven by the store type where most purchases were made.