Kirkegaardblaabjerg2204

Using the proposed method with a double-barrel nanopipette, the surfaces of the chromosomes were successfully measured, without any surface charge confounder. Since detailed imaging of sample topography can be performed in physiological liquid conditions regardless of the sample charge, it is expected to be used for analyzing the high-order structure of chromosomes in relation to their dynamic changes in the cell division.The newly discovered 2D magnetic materials provide new opportunities for basic physics research and device applications. However, their low Curie temperature (TC) is a common weakness. In this paper, by combining magnetic Hamiltonian, Wannier functions and first-principles calculations, we systematically study the magnetic properties of monolayer CrI3 functionalized with halogens. The magnetic exchange coupling (EX) and magnetic anisotropy (MA) are found to increase significantly with X (X = F, Cl and Br) atom adsorption, and increase with increased coverage of X. In the framework of superexchange theory, the enhanced EX can be ascribed to the reduced energy difference and increased hopping strength between Cr d and I p orbitals, due to the states of the I ligand engineered by the X adatom. Besides, the X adatom may provide an additional ferromagnetic superexchange channel. Our results not only give insight into understanding the enhancement of ferromagnetism of CrI3 by atom adsorption, but also propose a promising way to improve the ferromagnetism of 2D magnetic materials.Microswimmers interacting with passive particles in confinement are common in many systems, e.g., spermatozoa encountering other cells or debris in the female reproductive tract or active particles interacting with polymers and tracers in microfluidic channels. The behaviour of such systems is driven by simultaneous, three way hydrodynamic interactions between the microswimmer, the passive particle and the microchannel walls. Therefore, in this work we investigate the hydrodynamic collision between a model microswimmer and a passive particle using three different methods (i) the point particle approach, (ii) analytical calculations based on method of reflections, and (iii) lattice Boltzmann numerical simulations. We show that the hydrodynamic collision is essentially an asymmetric process - the trajectory of the microswimmer is altered only in an intermediate stage while the passive particle undergoes a three stage displacement with a net displacement towards or away from the microchannel walls. The path of the passive particle is a simple consequence of the velocity field generated by the swimmer an open triangle in bulk fluid and a loop-like trajectory in confinement. We demonstrate the generality of our findings and conclude that the net displacement of the passive particle due to collision may be capitalised in order to develop applications such as size separation of colloidal particles and deposition of particles in the microchannel interiors.Ex vivo brain slice cultures are utilized as analytical models for studying neurophysiology. Common approaches to maintaining slice cultures include roller tube and membrane interface techniques. Disufenton purchase The rise of organ-on-chip technologies has demonstrated the value of microfluidic perfusion culture systems for sampling and analysis of complex biology under well-controlled in vitro or ex vivo conditions. A number of approaches to microfluidic brain slice culture have been developed, however these typically involve complex design, fabrication, or operational parameters in order to meet the high oxygen demands of brain slices. Here, we present proof-of-principle for a novel approach to microfluidic brain slice culture. In this system, which we term a microfluidic bubble perfusion device, principles of droplet microfluidics were employed to generate droplets of perfusion media dispersed between bubbles of carbogen gas, and brain tissue slices were perfused with the resulting monodispersed droplets and bubbles. The challenge of tissue immobilization in the flow system was addressed using a two-part cytocompatible carbohydrate-based tissue adhesive. Best practices are discussed for perfusion chamber designs that maintain segmented flow throughout the course of perfusion. Control of droplet and bubble volumes was possible across the range of ca. 4-15 μL, bubble generation frequency was well controlled in the range ca. 1-7 bubbles per min, and bubble duty cycle was well controlled across the range ca. 20-80%. Murine hypothalamic tissue slices containing the suprachiasmatic nuclei were successfully maintained for durations of 8-10 hours, with tissue remaining viable for the duration of perfusion as assessed by Ca2+ imaging and propidium iodide (PI) staining.Correction for 'Highly stable zinc metal anode enabled by oxygen functional groups for advanced Zn-ion supercapacitors' by Kangyu Zou et al., Chem. Commun., 2021, 57, 528-531, DOI 10.1039/D0CC07526D.The interaction of CO with an attapulgite-supported, KCl modified CuCl2 catalyst has previously been examined using a combination of XANES, EXAFS and DFT calculations. Exposing the catalyst to CO at elevated temperatures leads to the formation of CO2 as the only identifiable product. However, phosgene production can be induced by a catalyst pre-treatment stage, where the supported CuCl2 sample is exposed to a diluted stream of dichlorine; subsequent CO exposure at ∼643 K then leads to phosgene production. This communication describes a series of FTIR based micro-reactor measurements, coupled with characterisation measurements utilising TEM, XRD and XPS to define the nature of the catalyst at different stages of the reaction coordinate. The CuCl2 catalyst is able to support Deacon activity , establishing this work with the possibility of utilising the oxy-chlorination of CO to produce phosgene. Continuous dosing of CO at elevated temperatures over the chlorine pre-dosed CuCl2 catalyst shows diminishing phosgene production as a function of time-on-stream, indicating surface chlorine supply to be rate-limiting under the reaction conditions studied. A pictorial reaction scheme is proposed to account for the surface chemistry observed.