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Nor was there an association between parent-child shared positive affect and parent rated child social competence. However, as predicted high levels of shared positive affect in both mother-child and father-child dyads was associated with lower parent-rated externalizing behavior.

Data revealed that parent endorsement of Familismo and Simpatia cultural beliefs was associated with higher levels of shared positive affect during parent-child interaction. In turn, mother-child shared positive affect was significantly associated with lower maternal self-reported parenting stress. There was no association between father-child shared positive emotion and father reported parenting stress. Nor was there an association between parent-child shared positive affect and parent rated child social competence. However, as predicted high levels of shared positive affect in both mother-child and father-child dyads was associated with lower parent-rated externalizing behavior.The study objective was to investigate the potential for using visible near-infrared (Vis-NIR) and short wave infrared (SWIR) spectroscopy to segregate bison portions based on muscle types and storage periods. In the Vis-NIR range, the principal component analysis showed clear segregation of the muscles based on storage at retail display d 4 whereas the discrimination based on muscle type was better portrayed in the SWIR region. Furthermore, partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) models classified muscles based on muscle type and storage in the Vis-NIR range with the classification accuracy of 97% for calibration and 86% for cross-validation. Finally, the PLS-regression models were developed for the successful prediction of a* value with an R2 of 0.88 (RMSEC 1.57), 0.84 (RMSECV 1.88), and 0.90 (RMSEP 1.41), color score with an R2 of 0.96 (0.25), 0.95 (0.27), and 0.92 (0.32), and discoloration score with an R2 of 0.96 (0.47), 0.93 (0.63), and 0.93 (0.56) for calibration, cross-validation, and prediction, respectively.Traffic congestion and accidents take a toll on commuters' daily experiences and society. Locating the venues prone to congestion and accidents and capturing their perception by public members is invaluable for transport policy-makers. However, few previous methods consider user perception toward the accidents and congestion in finding and profiling the accident- and congestion-prone areas, leaving decision-makers unaware of the subsequent behavior responses and priorities of retrofitting measures. This study develops a framework to identify and characterize the accident- and congestion-prone areas heatedly discussed on social media. First, we use natural language processing and deep learning to detect the accident- and congestion-relevant Chinese microblogs posted on Sina Weibo, a Chinese social media platform. Then a modified Kernel Density Estimation method considering the sentiment of microblogs is employed to find the accident- and congestion-prone regions. The results show that the 'congestion-prone areas' discussed on social media are mainly distributed throughout the historical urban core and the Northwest of Pudong New Area, in reasonably good agreements with actual congestion records. In contrast, the 'accident-prone areas' are primarily found in locations with severe accidents. Finally, the above venues are characterized in spatio-temporal and semantic aspects to understand the nature of the incidents and assess the priority level for mitigation measures. The outcomes can provide a reference for traffic authorities to inform resource allocation and prioritize mitigation measures in future traffic management.

Gender disparities continue to exist in emergency medicine (EM) despite increasing percentages of women in medical school and residencies. Prior studies in other male dominated industries have shown using masculine or feminine-coded language in job advertisements affects the proportion of male versus female applicants who choose to apply for those jobs. The goal of this study was to determine if gender-coding exists in EM job advertisements, and to see if there were differences between academic vs. non-academic jobs or administrative vs. non-administrative jobs.

This was a cross sectional study of EM jobs advertised in the United States on 13 academic and non-academic medical job databases from September 2020-February 2021. Using a gender decoder program based on prior research by Gaucher et al. on gendered wording in job advertisements, we analyzed each job to determine if the job advertisement was overall highly masculine, masculine, highly feminine, feminine, or neutral. Each job was categorized as acane physicians in this study contained at least one gender-coded word. Further studies could explore whether changing the language of job advertisements in EM has an impact on the proportion of women who choose to apply to EM jobs.This study aimed to investigate influence of ultrasonic treatment on physicochemical and antioxidant properties of mung bean protein hydrolysate (MPH). Physicochemical properties of MPH were evaluated by Tricine-SDS-PAGE, particle size distribution, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and fluorescence spectroscopy, among others. Radicals scavenging activities of ABTS, hydroxyl, superoxide anion, Fe2+ chelating ability and reducing power characterized antioxidant activities of MPH. MPH contained four bands of 25.6, 12.8, 10.6 and 4.9 kDa, in which 4.9 kDa was the most abundant. Ultrasonic treatment increased the contents of aromatic and hydrophobic amino acids in MPH. Ultrasonic treatment decreased the content of α-helix of MPH and increased β-sheet and β-turn compared to MPH. MPH-546 W (ultrasonic treatment 546 W, 20 min) had the lowest average particle size (290.13 nm), zeta potential (-36.37 mV) and surface hydrophobicity (367.95 A.U.). Antioxidant activities of ultrasonicated-MPH increased with the ultrasonic power, achieving the lowest IC50 (mg/mL) of 0.1087 (ABTS), 1.796 (hydroxyl), 1.003 (superoxide anion) and 0.185 (Fe2+ chelating ability) in 546 W power. These results indicated ultrasonic treatment would be a promising method to improve the antioxidant properties of MPH, which would broaden the application scope of MPH as bioactive components in the food industry.

The aim of this study was to investigate brain reorganization following cochlear implantation using electroencephalography, an implant-compatible technique to record electrical brain activity.

We investigated cortical plasticity in cochlear implant (CI) users using visual evoked potentials in response to visual motion changes. We estimated visual and auditory neural sources in CI users (n=20) and normal hearing (NH) matched control participants (n=22).

Results showed intra-modal plasticity in the visual cortex of CI users, revealed by higher P1 and visual mismatch negativity amplitude, and greater contribution of the visual cortex during visual motion changes compared to NH controls.

Our results suggest more efficient processing of visual information in CI users that may reflect enhanced multimodal compensatory strategies during speech processing.

This study showcases an objective, implant-compatible method that could be used in a clinical setting to measure and longitudinally track cortical plastic changes, enabling a better understanding of the link between individual patterns of cortical plasticity and CI outcomes.

This study showcases an objective, implant-compatible method that could be used in a clinical setting to measure and longitudinally track cortical plastic changes, enabling a better understanding of the link between individual patterns of cortical plasticity and CI outcomes.

Brainstem trigeminal-hypoglossal reflexes (THRs), also known as the jaw-tongue reflexes, coordinate the position of the tongue in the mouth in relation to the jaw movement during oromotor behaviors such as mastication, swallowing, vocalization, and breathing. Their use in brainstem surgery however, has never been assessed in spite of its potential benefit possibly due to the lack of a methodology to elicit these reflexes under general anesthesia.

We proposed a technique to elicit the THRs during total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) consisting on a V3 infrazygomatic train stimulation paradigm and recording from the Styloglossus (31 patients) and the Genioglossus (21 patients) muscles to elicit long latency responses.

The THR was successfully recorded using the V3 stimulation point in 82.1% of patients, of which 96.9% presented a response on the Styloglossus muscle (Jaw-opening reflex) while 0.06% presented a response on the Genioglossus muscle instead (Jaw-closing reflex).

The THRs can be successfully recorded in surgery under general anaesthesia with the predominant reflex seen being the jaw-opening reflex.

We provide a novel method to elicit the THRs during general anesthesia, which could be of aid in brainstem surgery.

We provide a novel method to elicit the THRs during general anesthesia, which could be of aid in brainstem surgery.The paper describes a simple and rapid reversed-phase UHPLC method development screening strategy for the purity determination of peptide-based pharmaceuticals. The protocol utilises five disparate column and six volatile or non-volatile mobile phases (i.e., 30 combinations). The method development strategy has been demonstrated to be highly effective in identifying conditions which generate complementary selectivity and good peak shape. Columns with varying degrees of charge (positive and negative), in addition to their differing hydrophobic character, were used in combination with mobile phases within the pH range of 2.3 to 5.1. The novel ion-pair / chaotropic reagent ammonium hexafluorophosphate at pH 2.3 was shown to be an extremely useful mobile phase additive in that it produced excellent complementary separation and good peak shape. Methanesulfonic acid was demonstrated to be a good alternative to the ubiquitously employed trifluoroacetic acid which failed to generate optimum separation for the peptides investigated highlighting the importance of screening disparate mobile phase additives. Both ammonium hexafluorophosphate and methanesulfonic acid were shown not to adversely affect the stability of C18 columns or demonstrated any irreversible adsorption / memory effects. No pH hysteresis effects were demonstrated with any of the stationary phases on mobile phase pH cycling. No major problems have been observed with the novel mobile phase additives ammonium hexafluorophosphate and methanesulfonic acid, however, it is recommended that they be used with caution until long-term routine use has been established.A compact, inexpensive capillary electrophoresis instrument was developed for monitoring metal ions and evaluated for Zn(II) in remote contaminated locations in western Tasmania, Australia. The portable instrument, measuring 21 cm x 10 cm x 7 cm, was powered from the USB port of a laptop computer and built from off-the-shelf components costing ∼$1200 USD. Electrophoretic separations were conducted using a fused silica capillary (10-50 µm I.D.), applying 8.5 kV over capillaries ranging from 25 cm to 40 cm in length. The capillary inlet was connected with an electrically grounded cross-piece as flow-through injection interface. Automated fluidic management was achieved by controlling four mini peristaltic pumps and a solenoid valve. Detection was realised using a purpose-built visible LED absorption detector, optimised for the detection of Co(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) after complexation with 4-(2-Pyridylazo) resorcinol (PAR). Limits of detection of sub-µM were obtained. The instrument was tested for continuous operation in the laboratory for up to 3 months, and relative standard deviations of less then 5.