Khanrojas2126

Additionally, our study confirmed that CRISPR/Cas9-mediated target methylation in a site-specific manner enabled the maintenance of gene silencing in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, we show that a combination of CRISPR/Cas9 components, SCR7 treatment, and the long methylated HDR template can enhance CRISPR/Cas9-directed epigenomic editing efficiency and further induce stable effects on methylation modifications and transcriptional suppression.

Tirzepatide, a dual GIP and GLP-1 receptor agonist, delivered superior glycemic control and weight loss compared to selective GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonism in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). These results have fueled mechanistic studies focused on understanding how tirzepatide achieves its therapeutic efficacy. Recently, we found that treatment with tirzepatide improves insulin sensitivity in humans with T2D and obese mice in concert with a reduction in circulating levels of branched-chain amino (BCAAs) and keto (BCKAs) acids, metabolites associated with development of systemic insulin resistance (IR) and T2D. Importantly, these systemic effects were found to be coupled to increased expression of BCAA catabolic genes in thermogenic brown adipose tissue (BAT) in mice. These findings led us to hypothesize that tirzepatide may lower circulating BCAAs/BCKAs by promoting their catabolism in BAT.

To address this question, we utilized a murine model of diet-induced obesity and employed stable-isotope trace.Clostridium perfringens is a common anaerobic foodborne pathogen known to produce >20 toxins. In nature, this bacterium has 7 different toxinotypes (A-G) based on the presence of its 6 main toxins. The present study examined the occurrence of different toxinotypes of this bacterium in the ichthyofauna and aquatic environments of Kashmir Himalayan lakes, India. A total of 510 samples (210 water; 150 each of common carp and snow trout) were collected from 3 different lacustrine habitats (Dal, Anchar and Nigeen Lakes) of the region. By performing 16S rRNA PCR test, it was observed that all 210 water samples and 80 (26.66%) of 300 fish samples tested for this specific bacterial species were positive. Then by using multiplex-PCR targeting six virulence genes of C. perfringens, it was confirmed that all the 290 isolates from water and fish samples were positive for Toxinotype A, as only cpa toxin gene was amplified. Phylogenetic analysis of the amplified gene and its amino-acid sequences revealed 95%-98% homology with analogous sequences of this bacterial strain reported from China, Egypt and India. The study documents the existence of C. perfringens toxinotype A in the ichthyofauna of Kashmiri Himalayan lakes, entailing that fish can likely act as transmission medium for C. perfringens food poisoning to humans via food.

To investigate the characteristics of fat content and component in IFP using hydrogen proton MR spectroscopy (

H-MRS), and to explore the correlation with the severity of OA, Hoffa-synovitis, and knee pain.

80 volunteers were enrolled. Subjects were grouped based on Kellgren-Lawrence (K-L) grading. Fat fraction (FF) and unsaturation index (UI) of IFP were measured using

H-MRS. Hoffa-synovitis was evaluated based on the MRI Osteoarthritis Knee Score system (MOAKS). Knee pain was assessed by a self-administered Western Ontario and McMaster Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) questionnaire. One-way ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis test and Spearman's correlation tests were applied for statistical analysis.

After matching BMI, waistline, and K-L grade, a total of 64 knees were included and divided into 23 normal, 25 mild OA, and 16 advanced OA. The mean values were 76.79%±7.24%, 70.35%±7.42%, and 58.29%±10.32% for FF in the healthy controls, mild OA, and advanced OA group, and 6.36±1.19%, 6.08±1.35%, and 5.69±1.78% for UI, respectively, the statistical difference was found for FF (p<0.01). A good negative correlation was observed between the FF and the severity of OA, Hoffa-synovitis (r=-0.625, -0.758, respectively, p<0.0001), and a weak inverse correlation with knee pain.

FF alteration in IFP is associated with the severity of OA, Hoffa synovitis, and knee pain, and has the potential to be a new quantitative imaging biomarker in knee OA.

FF alteration in IFP is associated with the severity of OA, Hoffa synovitis, and knee pain, and has the potential to be a new quantitative imaging biomarker in knee OA.

Patients with wide aortic necks undergoing Endovascular Aneurysm Repair (EVAR) have been shown to be at a higher risk for neck-related complications. We aim to examine outcomes of EVAR with an endograft exerting minimal outward pressure (Ovation-Endologix) in patients with a large baseline neck diameter.

We performed a retrospective single center study, including consecutive patients undergoing EVAR with the Ovation system from May 2011 to April 2021. Patients were divided in Groups 1 and 2 if the 20, 23, 26, 29 mm or the 34mm proximal diameter main body was used, respectively. According to the instructions for use of the device, for neck diameters 27-30mm the 34mm main body is required. Primary endpoint was rate of neckrelated complications during follow-up, (type Ia endoleak, migration >10mm and neck-related re-interventions) and rate of aortic neck dilatation (AND). AND was determined based on multiple aortic neck diameters that were recorded and compared between the 1-month computed tomography angiroup 2 nor absolute value of aortic neck diameter as significant predictors of neck-related adverse events. Neck diameters did not display significant differences over time in any of the levels evaluated.

EVAR with the Ovation endograft results in low rates of late neck related complications which is also true for patients with wide baseline aortic necks.

EVAR with the Ovation endograft results in low rates of late neck related complications which is also true for patients with wide baseline aortic necks.

Late open conversion has sometimes been required for sac enlargement after endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) for abdominal aortic aneurysm. Though the open repair with endograft preservation is considered less invasive compared to endograft removal, the mid-term outcomes are still unclear. The aim of this study is to evaluate the mid-term outcomes of late open conversion with endograft preservation after EVAR.

We reviewed patients who underwent late open conversion with endograft preservation for sac enlargement or rupture in our institution from May 2007 to December 2020. The open repair mainly consisted of ligation of lumber arteries or the median sacral artery and sacotomy. We additionally performed wrapping of plicated aneurysm with equine pericardium as much as possible. Patients were followed-up by a computed tomography scan and duplex ultrasound 1 and 6months postoperatively, and each year thereafter.

Of the 1,087 patients who underwent EVAR, 23 patients with a mean age of 81.5years were includnlargement of the sac aneurysm occurs. The wrapping method has the potential to prevent sac re-enlargement after open conversion.

Despite many patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy (CEA) being on dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) for cardiac or neurologic indications, the impact of such therapy on perioperative outcomes remains unclear. We aim to compare rates of postoperative bleeding, stroke and major adverse events (stroke, death or MI) among patients on Aspirin alone (ASAA) versus DAPT (Clopidogrel and Aspirin).

Patients undergoing CEA for carotid artery stenosis between 2010 and 2021 in the Vascular Quality Initiative (VQI) were included. We excluded patients undergoing concomitant or re-do operations or patients with missing antiplatelet information. Propensity score matching was performed between the 2 groups ASAA and DAPT based on age, sex, race, presenting symptoms, major comorbidities [hypertension, diabetes and coronary artery disease (CAD)], degree of ipsilateral stenosis, presence of contralateral occlusion, as well as preoperative medications. Intergroup differences between the treatment groups and differences in putional study demonstrates a modest decrease in the risk of in-hospital stroke for patients on DAPT undergoing CEA as compared with those on ASAA. This small benefit is at the expense of a significant increase in the risk of perioperative bleeding events incurred by those on DAPT at the time of CEA. This analysis suggests avoiding DAPT when possible, during CEA.

This large multi-institutional study demonstrates a modest decrease in the risk of in-hospital stroke for patients on DAPT undergoing CEA as compared with those on ASAA. This small benefit is at the expense of a significant increase in the risk of perioperative bleeding events incurred by those on DAPT at the time of CEA. This analysis suggests avoiding DAPT when possible, during CEA.

Endovascular aortic repair (EVAR), currently the preferred treatment for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), has been described also for penetrating aortic ulcers (PAU) of the infrarenal aorta. However, data on its performance in this particular setting are still sparse in the literature. click here Aim of this study is to compare patient clinical characteristics, aorto-iliac features, and post-operative outcomes between infrarenal PAU and AAA treated by standard EVAR.

In this retrospective observational case-control multicenter study, the patients treated for infrarenal PAU (G1) with EVAR in 2 high-volume European centers from January 2014 to December 2019 were prospectively entered into a dedicated database and retrospectively analyzed. A 4-fold control group (G2) of infrarenal AAA patients, homogeneous for age and gender, was also considered. Preoperative clinical characteristics, aorto-iliac features (rupture, aortic maximum diameter, proximal neck diameter and length, aortic bifurcation diameter, distance between ore often symptomatic with a higher rupture rate compared to infrarenal AAA. Despite some negative anatomical characteristics (narrower aortic bifurcation, lower RA-AoBi, extensive calcification), the results of EVAR are extremely satisfactory in this setting, suggesting that endovascular exclusion could be considered a valid treatment for infrarenal PAU.In response to the need to minimize the use of experimental animals, new approach methodologies (NAMs) using advanced technology have emerged in the 21st century. ToxCast/Tox21 aims to evaluate the adverse effects of chemicals quickly and efficiently using a high-throughput screening and to transform the paradigm of toxicity assessment into mechanism-based toxicity prediction. The ToxCast/Tox21 database, which contains extensive data from over 1400 assays with numerous biological targets and activity data for over 9000 chemicals, can be used for various purposes in the field of chemical prioritization and toxicity prediction. In this study, an overview of the database was explored to aid mechanism-based chemical prioritization and toxicity prediction. Implications for the utilization of the ToxCast/Tox21 database in chemical prioritization and toxicity prediction were derived. The research trends in ToxCast/Tox21 assay data were reviewed in the context of toxicity mechanism identification, chemical priority, environmental monitoring, assay development, and toxicity prediction.