Keylee5694

The timeline used was from 1976 to 2021. The top 100 most cited articles were extracted from this list for analysis. The following variables were collected from each scientific article publication journal, impact factor of journal, title, number of citations, year and month of publication, and type of article. Eight journals were identified on the basis of our search criteria and the articles were sorted by most cited; 1609 pediatric neurosurgery journal articles were screened to select the 100 most cited since 1976. This compilation could serve to help clinicians and researchers to familiarize themselves with the journal articles included in terms of study type, study field, journal of publication, and recurring authors.Anaplastic thyroid cancer is an extremely aggressive disease, which at diagnosis is presumed to be stage IV, has a one-year survival of less then 10%, and at present has no definitive therapy. The combination of dabrafenib/trametinib has recently been investigated in cancers with BRAF V600E mutations, such as anaplastic thyroid cancer, melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer, and cholangiocarcinoma, and has shown promise in treating these malignancies. We report a case of a 71-year-old male with anaplastic thyroid carcinoma with a significant tumor burden in the right upper lobe of the lung and severe sequela of his disease. He was found to have a BRAF V600E mutation and had a dramatic response to dabrafenib/trametinib therapy at full dose (dabrafenib 150 mg BID/trametinib 2 mg daily) that was sustained even with dose reductions (dabrafenib 100 mg BID/trametinib 1.5 daily). The dose had to be reduced due to the development of severe side effects (fevers and uveitis). Combination therapy had to be discontinued after two months. Compassionate use of pembrolizumab was then initiated as his tumor had a PDL1 expression level of 90%. After five cycles of pembrolizumab, he had a recurrence of his disease. This case demonstrates the possible benefit of dabrafenib/trametinib combination therapy for some patients with anaplastic thyroid carcinoma who harbor BRAF V600E mutation and highlights some characteristic side effects of targeted therapy with BRAF/MEK inhibition with pyrexia and uveitis.Background Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neuro-developmental ailment diagnosed with inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity. It is one of the most prevalent neurodevelopmental disorders and has complex aetiology, both genetic and environmental. There is a perceived decrease in skill acquirement, leading to insufficient income and job opportunities as adults, which drives them towards poor physical and mental outcomes compared to their contemporaries without ADHD. The impact of heavy metals on ADHD is a topic of interest but is much less studied. Copper has been implicated as a pro-oxidant and in the metal accelerated production of free radicals that may affect oxidative stress. Zinc also serves as an antioxidant, and changes in its concentrations may impact the homeostasis of oxidative stress. Methods Twenty-four children diagnosed with ADHD were taken as cases and matched with 24 healthy controls. Hair and urine samples were collected from all the study participants. The samples wereer to identify and monitor such children.This case report is unique in its rare presentation of dissociative amnesia with schizophrenia and CT presentation of involutionary prefrontal cortex change. In this case, the patient lost all autobiographical information and memories of his past. He mysteriously appeared in the public health system six months ago without a previous public record and with an alias. In addition, he presented with disorganized behavior, dissociative amnesia, and was internally preoccupied. We diagnosed the patient with schizophrenia and started pharmacological intervention. Unfortunately, the patient had no improvement of insight, and his memory problem persisted despite the treatment. Thus, this case brings attention to dissociative amnesia with comorbid schizophrenia. Moreover, the patient had improvement in mood, but his dissociative amnesia persisted despite medication.Introduction Cataract being one of the leading causes of avertible blindness has been found to be quite prevalent in developing countries like India. The National Programme for Control of Blindness (NPCB) aims at reducing blindness due to cataract via cataract control programs. The most commonly performed surgery is the manual small incision cataract surgery (MSICS). CI-1040 molecular weight Aim The aim of this study was to determine the visual acuity and outcome in patients who underwent MSICS in a tertiary hospital in south India. Methodology A prospective longitudinal interventional study was conducted in a tertiary hospital in Karnataka, India, over a period of nine months. A total of 105 eyes underwent MSICS and were followed up for one month to assess their postoperative visual outcome and complications, if any. During this period, they were started on antibiotic + steroid combination eyedrops, which were tapered over four weeks. Results Results were assessed based on visual grading categorized by the World Health Organization (WHO). A total of 103 (98.1%) patients had good vision, i.e., visual acuity of 6/6 - 6/18, followed by two (1.9%) who had moderate vision i.e., visual acuity of less then 6/18 - 3/60, and none were blind or with visual acuity of less then 3/60. Complications seen intraoperatively in two patients (1.9%) were iris prolapse and posterior capsular rent, respectively, and postoperatively one (0.95%) patient showed hyphema with inferior haptic in the anterior chamber. Conclusion This study proves that a good visual outcome with a low complication rate can be achieved after MSICS with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation.Many users of recreational drugs use cocaine and opioids together, often called "speedballing." Hearing loss is a rarely reported adverse effect following recreational drug abuse. Only one case has been reported in history with hearing loss caused by speedballing. Here, we present the case of a 38-year-old female who presented with speedball abuse and new-onset bilateral hearing loss to the emergency department. A computed tomography scan of the head was unremarkable. She was treated with thiamine, folate, multivitamins, and intravenous fluids. The hearing loss improved without any acute intervention. The significance of sudden hearing loss due to recreational drug use is highlighted by this case. Apart from a few animal studies, there is no detailed research explaining the pathophysiology of speedball-induced hearing loss. Further studies and trials are needed to better understand the effects of combined and separate cocaine and opioid use on audiologic physiology.Sjogren's syndrome (SS) is a systemic autoimmune disease marked by lymphocyte infiltration of the exocrine glands and a variety of systemic symptoms. The wide range of prevalence reported in different studies is due to the fact that SS respiratory symptoms are polymorphic and vary in severity. Some 9%-20% of patients with SS have clinically severe lung impairment. Pleural effusion in SS has an etiology that is unknown. It is thought to be caused by CD4+ T cells secreting cytokines that cause B lymphocytes to generate autoantibodies. High beta-2-microglobulin, which is secreted by lymphocytic tissue particularly in pulmonary SS, is another sign of lymphoproliferation in lung tissue. Our patient had recurrent pleural effusion due to lymphoproliferation in the lung as a result of SS.The use of antibiotic therapy has led to a major transformation in medicine with a substantial reduction in mortality. Due to the adverse effects associated with inappropriate antibiotic use, antibiotic stewardship interventions have been promoted to improve antibiotic prescription. However, delayed antibiotic therapy, when clinically needed, may result in increased morbidity. Here, we report the case of a previously healthy young man with an untreated acute upper respiratory infection for two weeks, who presented with headache and fever. Physical examination suggested meningitis as evident by neck stiffness and positive Kernig sign. Purulent tonsilitis was also noted. Laboratory findings showed leukocytosis and elevated inflammatory markers. The patient underwent a computed tomography scan to rule out space-occupying lesions prior to lumbar puncture. The scan revealed thrombophlebitis of the left internal jugular vein that extended to the dural venous sinuses. Magnetic resonance imaging confirmed the intracranial dissemination of the disease. Such findings conferred the diagnosis of Lemierre's syndrome. The patient was admitted to the intensive care unit where he received systemic anticoagulation and prolonged intravenous antibiotics. He developed a good response and was discharged with no residual deficits after six weeks of hospitalization. Lemierre's syndrome is a serious infection that develops after a pharyngeal infection. Considering the high mortality rate of untreated Lemierre's syndrome, physicians should keep a high index of suspicion for this condition when they encounter a patient with upper respiratory tract infection with clinical or radiological findings consistent with internal jugular thrombophlebitis.Allergic fungal rhinosinusitis (AFRS) has been considered an enigma since it was first described four decades ago. Previous research has found that AFRS has multiple definitions and a poorly understood pathogenesis because it overlaps with other conditions and necessitates meticulous work and multiple diagnostic modalities to confirm the diagnosis. However, despite the expansion of medical and surgical treatments, recurrence still occurs. In this review, the recent literature on AFRS cases in Saudi Arabia with relevance to its epidemiology, diagnosis, and management was studied and compared with international data. PubMed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library were searched for original research and review articles with local data. There is an evident paucity and contradiction between local studies regarding the epidemiology, diagnostic methods, and management of AFRS. Hence, well-defined randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are needed for the treatment of this chronic recurrent disease.A 69-year-old female with a history of psoriatic arthritis was diagnosed with septic arthritis and started on broad-spectrum antibiotics. She underwent left hip excisional debridement of her prosthetic hip joint which grew group B Streptococcus (S. agalactiae). She was switched to IV ceftriaxone 2 g daily and her hemoglobin decreased to 5.4 g/dL on day 11. Peripheral blood smear showed normochromic normocytic anemia and thrombocytopenia without the presence of schistocytes. Increased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), decreased haptoglobin and hemoglobin, and positive direct Coombs test (DCT) led to a presumptive diagnosis of drug-induced immune hemolytic anemia (DIIHA). As a result, she was switched from ceftriaxone to IV ertapenem 500 mg every 24 hours and oral prednisone 60 mg for four days during the initial phase. Her hemoglobin, LDH, and haptoglobin trended towards normal limits, further supporting the diagnosis of DIIHA secondary to ceftriaxone.