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The refolding of flexible protein fragments on NPs provides unique evidence and inspiration for understanding the fundamental principles of protein folding.[This corrects the article DOI 10.2196/38407.].[This corrects the article DOI 10.2196/29230.].Mixed-dimensional heterostructures combine the merits of materials of different dimensions; therefore, they represent an advantageous scenario for numerous technological advances. Such an approach can be exploited to tune the physical properties of two-dimensional (2D) layered materials to create unprecedented possibilities for anisotropic and high-performance photonic and optoelectronic devices. Here, we report a new strategy to engineer the light-matter interaction and symmetry of monolayer MoS2 by integrating it with one-dimensional (1D) AlGaAs nanowire (NW). Our results show that the photoluminescence (PL) intensity of MoS2 increases strongly in the mixed-dimensional structure because of electromagnetic field confinement in the 1D high refractive index semiconducting NW. Interestingly, the 1D NW breaks the 3-fold rotational symmetry of MoS2, which leads to a strong optical anisotropy of up to ∼60%. Our mixed-dimensional heterostructure-based phototransistors benefit from this and exhibit an improved optoelectronic device performance with marked anisotropic photoresponse behavior. Compared with bare MoS2 devices, our MoS2/NW devices show ∼5 times enhanced detectivity and ∼3 times higher photoresponsivity. Our results of engineering light-matter interaction and symmetry breaking provide a simple route to induce enhanced and anisotropic functionalities in 2D materials.Bicyclo[3.2.1] lactones are chemical scaffolds found in numerous bioactive natural products. Herein, we detail the development of a novel palladium(II)-catalyzed tandem intramolecular β-C(sp3)-H olefination and lactonization reaction that rapidly transforms linear carboxylic acid possessing a tethered olefin into the bicyclo[3.2.1] lactone motif. This transformation features a broad substrate scope, shows excellent functional group compatibility, and can be extended to the preparation of the related seven-membered bicyclo[4.2.1] lactones. Additionally, we demonstrate the synthetic potential of this annulation by constructing the 6,6,5-tricyclic lactone core structure of the meroterpenoid cochlactone A. We anticipate that this compelling reaction may provide a novel synthetic disconnection that can be broadly applied toward the preparation of a variety of bioactive natural products.Since the outcome of an operation largely depends on the quality of wound healing, it is one of the most challenging stages in surgery. Today, wound closure is mostly undertaken by means of a surgical suture. Good surgical sutures are biocompatible and biodegradable and possess excellent mechanical properties. Preferably, these sutures demonstrate optical activity for bacteria detection as there is a risk of surgical site infections. In this study, a solution, which fulfills all the requirements for manufacturing a multifunctional hybrid material, is proposed. In this work, a method for the in situ modification of spider silk with fluorescent carbon dots has been developed. The basic concept is the use of silk fibers as both the main framework for tissue regeneration and a carbon source during carbon dot synthesis. The resulting hybrid material exhibits strong photoluminescence in the red region of the spectrum (590 nm) when irradiated with blue light (480 nm). The proposed approach potentially allows for simultaneous wound closure and pathogen detection.[This corrects the article DOI 10.2196/31069.].[This corrects the article DOI 10.2196/35696.].

Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) is a common respiratory disorder occurring in premature infants, and some microRNAs (miRNAs) have been demonstrated to play critical roles in NRDS progression. This study aimed to measure relative expression of miR-375 in infants with NRDS, and further evaluate the clinical significance of miR-375 in predicting the onset and clinical prognosis of NRDS in infants.

This study collected umbilical cord blood from 180 premature neonates, including 90 neonates with NRDS and 90 non-NRDS neonates. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to detect relative expression level of miR-375. The diagnostic value of miR-375 in screening NRDS neonates from control neonates and its predictive accuracy for clinical prognosis were evaluated by receiver operating characteristic analysis. The relationship of miR-475 with disease onset and clinical outcomes in NRDS infants was assessed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses.

Relative miR-375 expression was upregulated in NRDS neonates, and high levels of miR-375 were observed in NRDS grade III-IV cases compared to those early-stage neonates. miR-375 had relatively high diagnostic accuracy to screen NRDS neonates and was independently associated with NRDS onset in infants. Moreover, relative miR-375 expression was upregulated in NRDS neonates with poor prognosis and could independently predict the clinical outcomes of NRDS neonates with considerable predictive accuracy.

Umbilical cord serum miR-375 is elevated and associated with NRDS onset and clinical outcomes in NRDS neonates. Thus, miR-375 may serve as a biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of infants with NRDS.

Umbilical cord serum miR-375 is elevated and associated with NRDS onset and clinical outcomes in NRDS neonates. Thus, miR-375 may serve as a biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of infants with NRDS.Protein footprinting with mass spectrometry is an established structural biology technique for mapping solvent accessibility and assessing molecular-level interactions of proteins. In hydroxyl radical protein footprinting (HRPF), hydroxyl (OH) radicals generated by water radiolysis or other methods covalently label protein side chains. Because of the wide dynamic range of OH reactivity, not all side chains are easily detected in a single experiment. Cytosporone B Novel reagent development and the use of radical chain reactions for labeling, including trifluoromethyl radicals, is a potential approach to normalize the labeling across a diverse set of residues. HRPF in the presence of a trifluoromethylation reagent under the right conditions could provide a "one-pot" reaction for multiplex labeling of protein side chains. Toward this goal, we have systematically evaluated amino acid labeling with the recently investigated Langlois' reagent (LR) activated by X-ray-mediated water radiolysis, followed by three different mass spectrometry methods. We compared the reactivity of CF3 and OH radical labeling for all 20 protein side chains in a competition-free environment. We found that all 20 amino acids exhibited CF3 or OH labeling in LR. Our investigations provide the evidence and knowledge set to perfect hydroxyl radical-activated trifluoromethyl chemistry as "one-pot" reaction for multiplex labeling of protein side chains to achieve higher resolution in HRPF.One of the hallmark advances in our understanding of metalloprotein function is showcased in our ability to design new, non-native, catalytically active protein scaffolds. This review highlights progress and milestone achievements in the field of de novo metalloprotein design focused on reports from the past decade with special emphasis on de novo designs couched within common subfields of bioinorganic study heme binding proteins, monometal- and dimetal-containing catalytic sites, and metal-containing electron transfer sites. Within each subfield, we highlight several of what we have identified as significant and important contributions to either our understanding of that subfield or de novo metalloprotein design as a discipline. These reports are placed in context both historically and scientifically. General suggestions for future directions that we feel will be important to advance our understanding or accelerate discovery are discussed.The huge challenge for CH4 photooxidation into CH3OH lies in the activation of the inert C-H bond and the inhibition of CH3OH overoxidation. Herein, we design two-dimensional in-plane Z-scheme heterostructures composed of two different metal oxides, with efforts to polarize the symmetrical CH4 molecules and strengthen the O-H bond in CH3OH. As a prototype, we first fabricate ZnO/Fe2O3 porous nanosheets, where high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy affirm their in-plane Z-scheme heterostructure. In situ Fourier transform infrared spectra and in situ electron paramagnetic resonance spectra demonstrate their higher amount of ·CH3 radicals relative to the pristine ZnO porous nanosheets, in which density functional theory calculations validate that the high local charge accumulation on Fe sites lowers the CH4 adsorption energy from 0.14 to 0.06 eV. Moreover, the charge-accumulated Fe sites strengthen the polarity of the O-H bond in CH3OH through transferring electrons to the O atoms, confirmed by the increased barrier from 0.30 to 2.63 eV for *CH3O formation, which inhibits the homolytic O-H bond cleavage and thus suppresses CH3OH overoxidation. Accordingly, the CH3OH selectivity over ZnO/Fe2O3 porous nanosheets reaches up to nearly 100% with an activity of 178.3 μmol-1 gcat-1, outperforming previously reported photocatalysts without adding any oxidants under room temperature and ambient pressure.Inspired by the catalytic potential of lanthanide coordination polymers of 3,3',5,5'-azobenzenetetracarboxylic acid (H4abtc), two new isostructural [Ln2III(Habtc)2(DMSO)4]·DMSO·H2O (LnIII = SmIII (I), EuIII = (II), DMSO = dimethyl sulfoxide) were synthesized and characterized. Their single-crystal structures were elucidated and described. Structural transformations of II in the solid state prompted by ligand substitution and thermal treatment were studied, from which genuine reversible transformation of II to [EuIII(Habtc)(H2O)4]·3H2O (II') and [EuIII(Habtc)(H2O)2]·2H2O (II″) was revealed. This illustrates the rare case of reversible transformation in lanthanide coordination polymers. The transformation between II' and II″ was also investigated. Structural transformations among these frameworks are discussed with regard to the coordination environment of EuIII, coordination modes of Habtc3-, and similarities and disparities in framework architecture and registration. In addition, the catalytic performance of II with and without the prior activation in CO2 cycloaddition reaction with epichlorohydrin was studied in comparison with II' and II″. The excellent performance of II disregarding the activation process has been demonstrated with the maximum turnover number and turnover frequency of 7682 and 1921 h-1, respectively, for the activated II and 7142 and 1786 h-1, respectively, for the nonactivated II. The maintenance of the catalytic efficiency over 10 cycles of the catalysis and the regeneration process is illustrated and discussed with respect to structural transformation.Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-based cancer treatments have attracted much attention in recent years. However, most patients respond poorly to the monotypic ROS during these treatments. In this work, a multiple ROS-based cancer immunotherapy synergistic strategy has been developed to enhance the therapeutic effect of cancer. We prepare a three-dimensional covalent organic framework (3D COF-TATB), and embed copper ions (Cu2+) into the skeleton to obtain multifunctional nanomaterial, 3D Cu@COF-TATB. In this system, porphyrins in 3D COF-TATB serve not only as the photosensitizer for photodynamic process to produce singlet oxygen(1O2), but also as the binding sites to complex with Cu2+. Cu2+ can be reduced by the GSH to generate Cu+ to produce hydroxyl radical (•OH) through the Fenton-like reaction. Moreover, the generated multiple types of ROS induce the immunogenic cell death (ICD) of cancer cells to improve the immunogenicity and further activate an immune response for attacking the tumor. Combining with the immunoblocking inhibitor (aPD-1), 3D Cu@COF-TATB can effectively inhibit the tumor growth.