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Metastatic burden is a critical factor for therapy decision-making in metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer. The present study aimed to identify prognostic factors in men with high- or low-metastatic burden treated with primary androgen-deprivation therapy. read more The study included 2450 men with de novo metastatic prostate cancer who were treated with primary androgen-deprivation therapy at 30 institutions across Japan between 2008 and 2017. We investigated the prognostic value of various clinicopathological parameters for progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients stratified by low- or high-metastatic burden. Among the 2450 men, 841 (34.3%) and 1609 (65.7%) were classified as having low- and high-metastatic burden, respectively. Median PFS of the low- and high-burden groups were 44.5 and 16.1 months, respectively, and the median OS was 103.2 and 62.7 months, respectively. Percentage of biopsy-positive core, biopsy Gleason grade group, T-stage, and N-stage were identified to be differentially prognostic. M1a was associated with worse PFS than was M1b in the low-burden group, whereas lung metastasis was associated with better PFS and OS than was M1b in the high-burden group. Differential prognostic factors were identified for patients with low- and high-burden metastatic prostate cancer. These results may assist in decision-making to select the optimal therapeutic strategies for patients with different metastatic burdens.Conserving biogeographic regions with especially high biodiversity, known as biodiversity 'hotspots', is intuitive because finite resources can be focussed towards manageable units. Yet, biodiversity, environmental conditions and their relationship are more complex with multidimensional properties. Assessments which ignore this risk failing to detect change, identify its direction or gauge the scale of appropriate intervention. Conflicting concepts which assume assemblages as either sharply delineated communities or loosely collected species have also hampered progress in the way we assess and conserve biodiversity. We focus on the marine benthos where delineating manageable areas for conservation is an attractive prospect because it holds most marine species and constitutes the largest single ecosystem on earth by area. Using two large UK marine benthic faunal datasets, we present a spatially gridded data sampling design to account for survey effects which would otherwise be the principal drivers of diversiteed for future integrated monitoring to reveal the causal drivers of biodiversity change.

To evaluate the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection and risk factors and to serotype the strains in Wuwei, located in north-western China, which has a high incidence of gastric cancer.

Helicobacter pylori infection was analysed in 21291 adults by

C-urea breath test, and H.pylori antibody were detected in 9183 serum samples by latex immunoturbidimetric method. The correlation of H.pylori infection with demographic-economic, lifestyle factors and medical history among the participants was determined by questionnaire. The antibodies against H.pylori urease, VacA and CagA in serum were determined by dot immunobinding assay.

The infection rate of H.pylori was 53.0%, and 90.1% of strains were type I strains. The H.pylori infection rate was higher among farmers (OR=1.34, 95% CI 1.19-1.50) and individuals who had a junior high school or higher education level (OR=1.10, 95% CI 1.06-1.15), and was lower in older individuals (OR=0.86, 95% CI 0.83-0.90), individuals with high income (OR=0.93, 95% CI 0.90-0.95), individuals with a habit of eating quickly (OR=0.93, 95% CI 0.87-0.99) and individuals who consumed more fruit and vegetables (OR=0.90, 95% CI 0.85-0.95). Individuals with history of cholecystitis/cholecystolithiasis, hypertension and asthma were negatively correlated with H.pylori infection (P<0.05).

The prevalence of H.pylori infection is high in Wuwei. The major prevalent strain is type I strain. Age, education, occupation, household income, consumption of fruit and vegetables, and habit of eating quickly are independent risk factors for H.pylori infection, which is also associated with individuals with a history of extragastric diseases.

The prevalence of H. pylori infection is high in Wuwei. The major prevalent strain is type I strain. Age, education, occupation, household income, consumption of fruit and vegetables, and habit of eating quickly are independent risk factors for H. pylori infection, which is also associated with individuals with a history of extragastric diseases.

Understanding the intra-urban spatial dynamics of Aedes aegypti and dengue transmission is important to effectively guide vector control. Ovitraps are a sensitive, cost-effective vector surveillance tool, yet few longitudinal studies have evaluated ovitrap indices and dengue occurrence. We aimed to assess the spatial patterns of dengue incidence and Ae.aegypti ovitrap positivity index (OPI) over time and to examine the spatial relationship between these two variables.

This study used 12years (2007-2018) of dengue case records and biweekly Ae.aegypti ovitrap data in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. We aggregated data by year and health centre catchment area (n=152) and used both univariate and bivariate global Moran's I statistic and LISA to evaluate spatial clustering.

Annual dengue incidence ranged from 18 to 6262/100000 residents and displayed spatial autocorrelation in 10/12years, with shifting areas of high incidence. Annual OPI ranged from 35.7 to 47.6% and was clustered in all study years, but unlike dengu population immunity, circulating serotypes and urban factors to better predict and control outbreaks.

Spinocerebellar ataxia types 1, 2, 3 and Huntington disease are neurodegenerative disorders caused by expanded CAG repeats.

We performed an in-silico analysis of CAG repeats in ATXN1, ATXN2, ATXN3, and HTT using 30× whole-=genome sequencing data of 2504 samples from the 1000 Genomes Project.

Seven HTT-positive, 3 ATXN2-positive, 1 ATXN3-positive, and 6 possibly ATXN1-positive samples were identified. No correlation was found between the repeat sizes of the different genes. The distribution of CAG alleles varied by ethnicity.

Our results suggest that there may be asymptomatic small expanded repeats in almost 0.5% of these populations. © 2020 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.

Our results suggest that there may be asymptomatic small expanded repeats in almost 0.5% of these populations. © 2020 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.