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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a public health challenge that requires dedication to develop new treatment options due to its high recurrence rate and poor prognosis. Interferon-producing killer dendritic cell (IKDC) is a subset of INF-γ secreting immune cells that modulates acquired immunity and possesses cytolytic ability. We modified IKDC isolated from the murine spleen with T-bet lentiviral transduction to enhance its cytotoxicity against HCC, and acquired IKDC overexpressing T-bet (T-bet-IKDC) for the first time. T-bet-IKDC has increased INF-γ secretion and surface expression of NKG2D and TRAIL. In vitro study by MTS assay and flow cytometry showed enhanced anti-tumor effect against H22 cells via apoptosis induction in a dose- and time-dependent manner. In vivo study on H22-bearing mice confirmed increased INF-γ secretion, reduced tumor size, increased caspase 3 cleavage, and up-regulation of cytotoxic molecules after T-bet-IKDC administration. The study suggested prospective application of T-bet-IKDC in future immunotherapy for HCC treatment.

To evaluate the retinal vascular changes and foveal avascular zone area in patients with unilateral blunt ocular trauma using optical coherence tomography angiography.

This retrospective study consisted of 50 traumatized and 50 contralateral sound eyes of the patients with blunt ocular trauma. The foveal avascular zone area, choriocapillaris flow area, foveal, parafoveal, and perifoveal vessel densities in both superficial capillary plexus and deep capillary plexus and central macular thickness were evaluated.

There were no significant differences between traumatized and sound eyes in the foveal avascular zone area (p0.36), choriocapillaris flow area (p0.43), central macular thickness (p0.67), and in vessel densities of superficial capillary plexus over all regions (p > 0.05 for all). However, the vessel densities of deep capillary plexus were significantly lower in traumatized eyes (p < 0.05 for all).

Optical coherence tomography angiography demonstrated a significant decrease in retinal deep capillary plexus vessel density of the eyes effected by blunt ocular trauma, even with no evident findings on fundus examination or structural spectral domain-optical coherence tomography changes.

Optical coherence tomography angiography demonstrated a significant decrease in retinal deep capillary plexus vessel density of the eyes effected by blunt ocular trauma, even with no evident findings on fundus examination or structural spectral domain-optical coherence tomography changes.

Raman spectroscopy is a promising technique to analyze the body fluids for the purpose of non-invasive disease diagnosis.

To develop a surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) based method for qualitative and quantitative analysis of HCV from blood samples.

SERS was employed to characterize the Hepatitis C viral RNA extracted from different blood samples of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infected patients with predetermined viral loads in comparison with total RNA of healthy individuals. The SERS measurements were performed on 27 extracted RNA samples including low viral loads, medium viral loads, high viral loads and healthy/negative viral load samples. For this purpose, silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were used as SERS substrates. click here Furthermore, multivariate data analysis technique, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Partial Least Square Regression (PLSR) were also performed on SERS spectral data.

The SERS spectral features due to biochemical changes in the extracted RNA samples associated with the increasing viral loads were established which could be employed for HCV diagnostic purpose. PCA was found helpful for the differentiation between Raman spectral data of RNA extracted from hepatitis infected and healthy blood samples. PLSR model is established for the determination of viral loads in HCV positive RNA samples with 99 % accuracy.

SERS can be employed for qualitative and quantitative analysis of HCV from blood samples.

SERS can be employed for qualitative and quantitative analysis of HCV from blood samples.

Diagnosing peritoneal dissemination is essential for selecting the appropriate therapeutic strategy for patients with pancreatic cancer. Intraoperative laparoscopic diagnosis enables the selection of less invasive surgical strategies. Photodynamic diagnosis using 5-aminolevulinic acid may improve gastrointestinal cancer diagnostic accuracy, although weak fluorescence is not easily detected. Here we aimed to improve this sensitivity using laparoscopic spectrophotometry.

Photodynamic diagnosis was performed using serial dilutions of protoporphyrin IX, and its detectability using laparoscopic spectrophotometry was compared with that using naked-eye observation. Five-aminolevulinic acid-photodynamic diagnosis was performed for pancreatic cancer cell lines, and a murine peritoneal disseminated nodule model was established. We compared laparoscopic spectrophotometry and naked-eye observation results using white and fluorescent lights and compared them to routine histopathological examination results. Photodynamtry in the murine model and extraperitoneally photodynamic diagnoses using spectrophotometry in clinical practice are sensitive photodynamic diagnostic techniques.Green chemistry is a modern area of research which covers synthesis of nanomaterials through useful, environmentally, economically friendly techniques and their use in different fields. The synthesis involves the formation of bimetallic nanomaterials to enhance their synergistic relationship and achieve special modulated properties. That's why bimetallic nanomaterials are extremely important and gaining interest among researchers in the field of medicinal chemistry for the treatment of various diseases. In this particular study, bimetallic nanoparticles synthesis was done by reduction procedure using leaf extract of Olea cuspidata. The phytochemicals in leaf extract act as stabilizing and capping agent in reduction of precursor's salts. The characterization of green synthesized Ag@MgO nanocomposite was done through several analytical techniques such as ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning electron microscope (SEM), High resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) and Zeta potential.