Jainblum2868

A recovery increase of 16% and 47% was obtained for Salmonella and STEC between 18-h and 36-h enrichment. The prevalence of Salmonella and STEC was affected by the size of the plant and the process stage by both methods. Larger plants showed higher detection rates for both pathogens. Significantly higher frequency of positives was obtained at stunning and dehiding areas compared to fabrication rooms and chillers. Salmonella detection was better by CDx than RT-PCR, whereas no differences were found in the detection of STEC by RT-PCR or CDx. These results highlight the importance of method adjustment when testing matrices other than foods. More research is needed to understand the dynamics of pathogens in aerosols and how this affects the effectiveness of current rapid methods.Pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) proteins involved in mitochondrial RNA cytidines (C) to uridines (U) editing mostly result in the stagnant embryo and endosperm development when losing function. However, less is known about PPR that involved in farinaceous endosperm formation and maize quality. Here, we cloned a maize DYW-type PPR Defective Kernel605 (Dek605). Mutation of Dek605 delayed seed and seedling development. Mitochondrial transcript analysis of dek605 revealed that loss of DEK605 impaired C-to-U editing at the nad1-608 site and fails to alter Ser203 to Phe203 in NAD1 (dehydrogenase complex I), disrupting complex I assembly and reducing NADH dehydrogenase activity. Meanwhile, complex III and IV in the cytochrome pathway, as well as AOX2 in the alternative respiratory pathway, are dramatically increased. Interestingly, the mutation resulted in opaque endosperm and increased levels of the free amino acids ALA, ASP and PHE in dek605. The down- and up-regulated genes were mainly involving in stress response-related and seed dormancy-related pathways, respectively, were observed after transcriptome analysis of dek605 at 12 day after pollination (DAP). Collectively, these results indicate that Dek605 specifically affects the single nad1-608 site and is required for normal seed development and resulted in nutritional quality relevant amino acid accumulation.

Drug immunomodulation modifies the response of the immune system and can be therapeutically exploited in pathologies such as cancer and autoimmune diseases.

DREIMT is a new hypothesis-generation web tool which performs drug prioritization analysis for immunomodulation. DREIMT provides significant immunomodulatory drugs targeting up to 70 immune cells subtypes through a curated database that integrates 4,960 drug profiles and ∼2,6K immune gene expression signatures. The tool also suggests potential immunomodulatory drugs targeting user-supplied gene expression signatures. Final output includes drug-signature association scores, FDRs and downloadable plots and results tables.

http//www.dreimt.org.

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.A fundamental aspect of mitochondria is that they possess DNA and protein translation machinery. Mitochondrial DNA encodes 22 tRNAs that translate mitochondrial mRNAs to 13 polypeptides of respiratory complexes. Various chemical modifications have been identified in mitochondrial tRNAs via complex enzymatic processes. A growing body of evidence has demonstrated that these modifications are essential for translation by regulating tRNA stability, structure and mRNA binding, and can be dynamically regulated by the metabolic environment. Importantly, the hypomodification of mitochondrial tRNA due to pathogenic mutations in mitochondrial tRNA genes or nuclear genes encoding modifying enzymes can result in life-threatening mitochondrial diseases in humans. Thus, the mitochondrial tRNA modification is a fundamental mechanism underlying the tight regulation of mitochondrial translation and is essential for life. In this review, we focus on recent findings on the physiological roles of 5-taurinomethyl modification (herein referred as taurine modification) in mitochondrial tRNAs. We summarize the findings in human patients and animal models with a deficiency of taurine modifications and provide pathogenic links to mitochondrial diseases. We anticipate that this review will help understand the complexity of mitochondrial biology and disease.

Analysis of biological data often involves the simultaneous testing of thousands of genes. This requires two key steps the ranking of genes and the selection of important genes based on a significance threshold. One such testing procedure, called the 'optimal discovery procedure' (ODP), leverages information across different tests to provide an optimal ranking of genes. This approach can lead to substantial improvements in statistical power compared to other methods. However, current applications of the ODP have only been established for simple study designs using microarray technology. Here we extend this work to the analysis of complex study designs and RNA sequencing studies.

We apply our extended framework to a static RNA sequencing study, a longitudinal and an independent sampling time-series study, and an independent sampling dose-response study. Our method shows improved performance compared to other testing procedures, finding more differentially expressed genes and increasing power for enrichment analysis. Thus the extended ODP enables a superior significance analysis of genomic studies.

The algorithm is implemented in our freely available R package called edge and can be downloaded at https//www.bioconductor.org/packages/release/bioc/html/edge.html.

Supplementary data and code are available at https//github.com/StoreyLab/odp_general_studies.

Supplementary data and code are available at https//github.com/StoreyLab/odp_general_studies.

Orbital compartment syndrome (OCS) is a rare but devastating complication of over-resuscitation in burn patients that may lead to permanent visual loss. The purpose of this study was to (1) present a series of burn patients with OCS, and (2) survey practice patterns of monitoring intra-ocular pressure (IOP) during burn resuscitation.

Cases of OCS at two American Burn Association (ABA)-verified burn centers were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were included if they (a) required lateral canthotomy/cantholysis for elevated IOPs, or (b) developed blindness during admission unrelated to any other ocular pathology. Data was collected on demographics, burn characteristics, fluid administration, ophthalmologic findings and complications. An eight-item electronic survey was distributed by email through the ABA to all physician members.

Twelve patients with OCS were identified, with a mean age of 47.8 ±12.4 years and TBSA of 63.7 ±18.6%. Mean fluid resuscitation at 24 hours was 4.9 ±1.6mL/kg/%TBSA, or 0.29 ±0.lication of over-resuscitation.Clostridium estertheticum and C. estertheticum -like spp. are obligate anaerobic psychrophiles causing "blown pack" spoilage of chilled vacuum-packed meat. The present study aimed at detecting and isolating these spoilage bacteria in fecal samples of cattle of different ages at the slaughterhouse level. selleck chemicals llc One-hundred-and-two swab fecal samples were obtained and enriched anaerobically in pre-reduced peptone-yeast-glucose-starch medium (PYGS) for three weeks at 4°C then screened for C. estertheticum and C. estertheticum -like spp. using a 16S rRNA gene-based real-time PCR assay (RT-PCR). The RT-PCR positive samples were further enriched for 3 weeks in PYGS then subjected to an ethanol (50% v/v) and lysozyme (4 mg/ml) treatment. Isolation was carried out anaerobically on Columbia Agar with 5% defibrinated sheep blood at 4°C for three weeks. Isolated strains were identified morphologically and by their 16S rRNA gene. Thirty-nine percent (n=40/102) of the samples were RT-PCR positive. The frequency of positive samples was 45% (n=9/20), 43% (n=23/54) and 29% (n=8/28) in calves, young cattle and cows/bulls aged ≤ 160, 161-1000 and >1000 days, respectively. Six strains were isolated from six out of the 40 RT-PCR positive samples. Out of these, five were from the calves (n=1) and young cattle (n=4). The six isolates were identified as C. estertheticum (n=1), C. frigoriphilum (n=1) and C. estertheticum -like spp. (n=4). The present findings confirm that feces of cattle are an important source of psychrophilic Clostridium spp. The fecal carriage among livestock animals at slaughter is strongly correlated with the risk of carcass contamination. Therefore, the maintenance of slaughter hygiene is of central importance.The role of ribosome biogenesis in erythroid development is supported by the recognition of erythroid defects in ribosomopathies in both Diamond-Blackfan anemia and 5q- syndrome. Whether ribosome biogenesis exerts a regulatory function on normal erythroid development is still unknown. In the present study, a detailed characterization of ribosome biogenesis dynamics during human and murine erythropoiesis shows that ribosome biogenesis is abruptly interrupted by the drop of rDNA transcription and the collapse of ribosomal protein neo-synthesis. Its premature arrest by RNA polI inhibitor, CX-5461 targets the proliferation of immature erythroblasts. We also show that p53 is activated spontaneously or in response to CX-5461 concomitantly to ribosome biogenesis arrest, and drives a transcriptional program in which genes involved in cell cycle arrest, negative regulation of apoptosis and DNA damage response were upregulated. RNA polI transcriptional stress results in nucleolar disruption and activation of ATR-CHK1-p53 pathway. Our results imply that the timing of ribosome biogenesis extinction and p53 activation are crucial for erythroid development. In ribosomopathies in which ribosome availability is altered by unbalanced production of ribosomal proteins, the threshold of ribosome biogenesis down-regulation could be prematurely reached and together with pathological p53 activation prevents a normal expansion of erythroid progenitors.

Meningiomas are the most common tumors occurring in the central nervous system, with variable recurrence rates depending on World Health Organization grading. Atypical (Grade II) meningioma has a higher rate of recurrence than benign (Grade I) meningioma. The efficacy of adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) to improve tumor control has been questioned.

To investigate clinical and histopathological predictors of tumor recurrence and radio-resistance in atypical meningiomas.

This cohort study retrospectively reviewed all patients in St. Michael's Hospital CNS tumor patient database who underwent surgical resection of a Grade II meningioma from 1995 to 2015. Cases with neurofibromatosis type II, multiple satellite tumors, spinal cord meningioma, radiation-induced meningioma, and perioperative death were excluded. Patient demographics, neuropathological diagnosis, tumor location, extent of resection, radiation therapy, and time to recurrence or progression were recorded. Cox univariate regression and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis were employed to identify risk factors for recurrence and radio-resistance.

Among 181 patients, the combination of necrosis and brain invasion was associated with an increased recurrence risk (hazard ratio [HR]=4.560, P=.001) and the lowest progression-free survival (PFS) relative to other pathological predictors. This trend was maintained after gross total resection (GTR, P=.001). RT was associated with decreased PFS (P=.001), even in patients who received GTR (P=.001).

The combination of necrosis and brain invasion is a strong predictor of tumor recurrence and radio-resistance in meningioma, regardless of EOR or adjuvant RT. Our findings question the sensibility of brain invasion as an absolute criterion for Grade II status.

The combination of necrosis and brain invasion is a strong predictor of tumor recurrence and radio-resistance in meningioma, regardless of EOR or adjuvant RT. Our findings question the sensibility of brain invasion as an absolute criterion for Grade II status.