Iversenmead7164

Explore challenges associated with implementing a home-based strengthening exercise program for people with knee osteoarthritis and comorbid obesity.

Qualitative study embedded within a randomised controlled trial comparing two home-based strengthening programs (weight bearing functional exercise versus non-weight bearing quadriceps strengthening exercise) for people with knee osteoarthritis and comorbid obesity. Patients in both exercise programs attended five consultations with a physiotherapist and undertook a home-based exercise program for 12 weeks. Semi-structured individual telephone interviews were conducted with 22 patients after trial completion, and all seven physiotherapists who delivered trial interventions. Interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim, and thematically analysed using an inductive approach.

Three themes arose i) psychological challenges (false assumptions about exercise; fear of pain; disliking exercise; mental effort of weight bearing functional program; underestimating capability) ii) physical challenges (complexity of weight bearing functional program; cuff weights and straight leg raise problematic in non-weight bearing quadriceps program; other health conditions), and; iii) overcoming challenges (incentives to exercise; accountability; education and reassurance; tailoring the exercise program).

Patients and physiotherapists experienced numerous psychological and physical challenges to exercise, including a fear of pain, having false assumptions about exercise, difficulties with exercise performance, application of cuff weights, and adverse impacts of other health conditions.

Patients and physiotherapists experienced numerous psychological and physical challenges to exercise, including a fear of pain, having false assumptions about exercise, difficulties with exercise performance, application of cuff weights, and adverse impacts of other health conditions.

We performed this review systematically to assess the effect of cold application at the heparin subcutaneous injection site on incidence and size of bruising, hematoma, and pain intensity.

A systematic review and meta-analysis were utilized as the study design.

To retrieve the relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published up to July 2019, the databases of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, TRIP, and Elmnet.ir were searched.

Those RCTs were selected in which the participants had received any type of heparin via subcutaneous injections at least once a day, as were those comparing the effect of cold application (i.e., moist or dry ice packs or vapocoolant spray) on injection sites with no interventions or placebos. The types of outcomes measured included pain intensity, bruising, and hematoma at injection sites. Furthermore, odds ratios (ORs) and mean differences (MDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were employed to measure the pooled data.

A is medicine.

To determine 1) whether patients with inflammatory joint disease (IJD) meet current guidelines on physical activity; 2) which factors influence physical activity levels and sedentary behaviour in patients with IJD.

Cross-sectional study of 137 patients with medical diagnosis of an IJD prior to commencing a NHS-run inflammatory Arthritis Exercise Programme. Physical activity and sedentary behaviour (SB) were measured objectively using a thigh worn physical activity monitor for seven consecutive days. Activity levels were subdivided into low physical activity (LPA) and moderate-vigorous activity (MVPA). Firstly, activity levels were analysed against current guidelines of 150minutes of MVPA a week. Secondly time spent in SB, LPA and MVPA were analysed against possible determinants.

29% of patients with IJD met current physical activity guidelines. Patients on average spend 10 hours a day in SB. Poor physical fitness measured by 6-minute walk test was the only significant predictor (p=0.019) of high SB (R

= 4.7%). Attending an exercise facility in the community (p=0.034) and low role limitations due to physical health (p=0.008) predicted high LPA following a backward multiple regression (R

= 8.0%). Low role limitations due to emotional problems (p=0.031), higher physical fitness (p=0.002) and healthier exercise attitudes and beliefs (p=0.021) predicted meeting current physical activity guidelines following a backward conditional logistic regression explaining between 22.2% and 31.7% of variance.

Patients with IJD are inactive and spent a lot of time in SB. Good general health predicts high activity levels. No disease-specific factors were found to determine SB, LPA or MVPA.

Patients with IJD are inactive and spent a lot of time in SB. Good general health predicts high activity levels. No disease-specific factors were found to determine SB, LPA or MVPA.

Subthalamic deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) could be an effective alternative treatment for patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the mechanisms of deep brain stimulation (DBS) at different frequencies are still unclear. In this study, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was used to detect parameter changes in different regions of rat brains after DBS, and rat exercise capacity and brain tissue immunohistochemistry were evaluated.

The 6-hydroxydopamine-induced hemi-parkinsonian rat models were made and divided into four groups a control group, sham group, low-frequency group, and high-frequency group. Low-frequency (30 Hz) and high-frequency (130 Hz) DBS were given to the STN in rats. First, an open-field experiment was used to evaluate changes in exercise performance. Then, the DTI was used to measure parameter changes in the substantia nigra (SN). Citarinostat Finally, immunohistochemistry was used to analyze the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), NeuN, and α-synuclein (α-syn) in the SN in the rats.

T improvement of exercise performance of PD rats. Moreover, DTI can be used as an effective technique to assess the therapeutic effects and severity of PD.

STN-HFS (130 Hz) and sham operation for one week can significantly improve the exercise performance of PD rats. The exercise performance of PD rats in LFS group (30 Hz) is worse compared with HFS group (130 Hz). HFS plays a role in neuroprotection and improvement of exercise performance of PD rats. Moreover, DTI can be used as an effective technique to assess the therapeutic effects and severity of PD.