Husseinriley4893

-care settings. Comprehensive and participatory interventions may be considered in future studies.

To critically appraise the evidence of the impact of exposure to salutogenic green environment on mortality, which is an important endpoint in epidemiological and clinical studies.

We searched for studies published and indexed in three databases (PubMed, AMED, and CINAHL Plus) from inception until 31 March 2020, complemented with a search of cited literature for articles describing the effects of greenness on mortality in Asia-Pacific region. Eligible articles were screened and data were extracted independently by two reviewers. A random-effects model was utilised to obtain pool hazard ratio (HR) and risk ratio of all-cause mortality outcome.

The search identified 3239 studies, of which 20 studies reporting 133,363 participants from longitudinal cohort studies and 202 million people from population-based prevalence studies were included in the review. The majority of the studies (60%) were conducted in high-income countries in Asia-Pacific. All participants of the longitudinal cohort studies were aged 6c health policy implications.

Some limited evidence suggests that populations exposed to the greener environment have a lower risk of mortality, implying the potential role of greenness in increasing longevity. Further studies with standardised design and outcome reporting should be conducted in low- and middle-income countries and in populations of low socioeconomic status to glean more generalisable and complete evidence for public health policy implications.

To assess whether stroke diagnoses in national health registers are sufficiently correct and complete to replace manual collection of endpoint data for the Tromsø Study, a population-based epidemiological study.

Using the Tromsø Study Cardiovascular Disease Register for 2013-2014 as the gold standard, we calculated correctness (defined as positive predictive value, PPV) and completeness (defined as sensitivity) of stroke cases in four different data subsets derived from the Norwegian Patient Register and the Norwegian Stroke Register. We calculated the sensitivity and PPV with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) assuming a normal approximation of the binomial distribution.

In the Norwegian Stroke Register we found a sensitivity of 79.8% (95% CI 74.2-85.4) and a PPV of 97.5% (95% CI 95.1-99.9). In the Norwegian Patient Register the sensitivity was 86.4% (95% CI 81.6-91.1) and the PPV was 84.2% (95% CI 79.2-89.2). The overall highest levels were found in a subset based on a linkage between the Norwegian Strokeed data quality.Language comprehension depends heavily upon prediction, but how predictions are generated remains poorly understood. Several recent theories propose that these predictions are in fact generated by the language production system. Here, we directly test this claim. Participants read sentence contexts that either were or were not highly predictive of a final word, and we measured how quickly participants recognised that final word (Experiment 1), named that final word (Experiment 2), or used that word to name a picture (Experiment 3). We manipulated engagement of the production system by asking participants to read the sentence contexts either aloud or silently. Across the experiments, participants responded more quickly following highly predictive contexts. Importantly, the effect of contextual predictability was greater when participants had read the sentence contexts aloud rather than silently, a finding that was significant in Experiment 3, marginally significant in Experiment 2, and again significant in combined analyses of Experiments 1-3. These results indicate that language production (as used in reading aloud) can be used to facilitate prediction. We consider whether prediction benefits from production only in particular contexts and discuss the theoretical implications of our evidence.In this study we investigated affective changes during Zumba fitness program exercise with varied intensity, as measured by a smartwatch. Almonertinib Sixteen college students (4 males and 12 females) participated in two single-session Zumba fitness programs at low and moderate intensities separated by a one-week interval. During exercise, participants' heart rate (HR) and theirresponses to the Felt Arousal Scale (FAS) and the Feeling Scale (FS) were measured seven times (pre-exercise, warm-up, merengue, reggaeton, salsa, cumbia, and cool-down) using tailor-made applications on a smartwatch. Additionally, pre- and post-exercise affect was measured by the PANAS-X, which showed enhanced positive affect and reduced negative affect following exercise. Feelings and arousal during exercise were activated, irrespective of exercise intensity, but positive effects were more prominent at the higher (moderate) exercise intensity level. By adopting wearable technology, we were able to measure real-time affect changes during exercise, and we demonstrated the particular affective benefits of a moderate intensity Zumba Fitness program.In this study we assessed the contribution of augmented probabilistic information on the motor behavior of novice defenders during 1 vs. 1 basketball play. More specifically, we aimed to investigate the influence of different probabilities of attacks to the basket (Level 1 High-probability of a single attack action; Level 2 Equal probability of two attack actions; Level 3 No-probability of an attack) on defensive reactions and their efficacy. Twenty-six novice participants volunteered and were assigned into three groups, based on their reaction time performance. Each participant performed 10 trials defending against typical basket attacks on a standard basketball court. Three experimental groups were primed regarding the probabilities of two forms of attack, either shooting at the basket or dribbling-past the defender (Group 1 80% vs 20%; Group 2 50% vs 50%; Group 3 No-probability of attack). Participants reacted earlier and with greater accuracy in the high-probability condition (80% vs 20%), than in the remaining conditions. We found that, in absence of kinematic information about their opponents, novice basketball players may have relied on the prior information we provided regarding an opponents' preferred actions during 1 vs. 1 basketball play. The provision of probabilistic information could be used as a training strategy to guide the defensive motor behaviors of novice basketball players when facing their counterparts in ball possession by favoring the use of anticipatory information to react earlier and successfully to the opponents' actions.