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RT provides a safe and effective alternative to surgery in select cases and is particularly useful for the elderly or where surgery might have a negative impact on function or cosmesis.

The primary goal of treatment for NMSC is to cure the patient, and a secondary goal is to provide the best cosmetic and functional result with the minimum impact on quality of life. In deciding what modality of treatment to use, clinicians will need to take into account the site of the tumour, clinical stage, histological subtype and any high-risk features, patient comorbidities as well as patient preferences. RT provides a safe and effective alternative to surgery in select cases and is particularly useful for the elderly or where surgery might have a negative impact on function or cosmesis.

Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been traditionally guided by individual risk factors such hypertension and hypercholesterolaemia. An absolute risk-based approach is more effective.

The aim of this article is to outline the superiority of an absolute risk-based approach when compared with individual risk factor management for the primary prevention of CVD, and to elaborate on the derivation and use of the Australian absolute CVD risk calculator.

An absolute risk-based approach is superior to the traditional individual risk factor approach when identifying which patients would benefit most from the prescription of blood pressure-lowering and lipid-lowering medications.

An absolute risk-based approach is superior to the traditional individual risk factor approach when identifying which patients would benefit most from the prescription of blood pressure-lowering and lipid-lowering medications.

Although the National Vascular Disease Prevention Alliance (NVDPA) guidelines were published in 2012, many individuals at high risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) are not prescribed preventive medication or have CVD risk factors recorded. Better use of CVD risk prediction tools and targeting of medication could reduce CVD.

The aim of this article is to review recent developments in CVD risk prediction, including calculators developed in the USA, UK and New Zealand, and non-traditional tests for cardiovascular riskassessment.

The Framingham Risk Equation explainsmuch of the risk variance in thepopulation but overestimates risk foracontemporary Australian population. Newer risk calculators show improvement in calibration. Individuals vary greatly interms of whether they will find the potential benefits of taking medication worthwhile, and shared decision-making tools can help to clarify decision making.

The Framingham Risk Equation explains much of the risk variance in the population but overestimates risk for a contemporary Australian population. Newer risk calculators show improvement in calibration. Individuals vary greatly in terms of whether they will find the potential benefits of taking medication worthwhile, and shared decision-making tools can help to clarify decision making.Schwartz Jampel syndrome is a very rare genetically heterogenous disorder characterized by myotonia, typical facies, growth retardation and osteoarticular changes. Prevelance of this syndrome is less then 1 in 100000. 150 cases have been reported in medical literature so far. We hereby report this rare syndrome in neurology.Epidemiologically the burden of asthma in India is alarming with a median prevalence of 7%. As the symptoms of asthma ascend the severity ladder, the prediction of the cause of asthma is important from the treatment point of view. The GINA 2020 states that the management of asthma should be individualized as per the patient depending on patient phenotype. The goal of asthma treatment is to achieve good control of symptoms, to reduce exacerbations and to improve quality of life. Guidelines recommend adapting the level of treatment to the level of disease severity, and this approach has been demonstrated to be effective in the majority of asthma patients overall. However, it is known that a small but significant proportion of patients do not achieve adequate control despite optimized treatment, and these patients are frequently prescribed high doses of oral steroids in an attempt to achieve control. For patients with severe uncontrolled asthma, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against IgE or IL-5 are available as add-on treatments to inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) plus long-acting β2-agonist (LABA) therapy. With a plethora of available modalities, the fact still remains that there is a large treatment gap and the number of people living with asthma in India is predicted to be around 30 million. This article reviews the phenotypes/endotypes of asthma described in India and the current therapies for management.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID 2019) outbreak caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is observed to cause liver dysfunction. We aimed to observe abnormal liver function tests (LFTs) in COVID-19 patients admitted in our hospital.

It was a cross- sectional study involving 105 COVID-19 patients who were admitted in our Hospital from 03-04-2020 to 02-05-2020. The COVID-19 positivity was defined on basis of real-time PCR. Thorough clinical examination and laboratory investigations including Complete Blood Count, Renal function Tests, Liver Function Tests, Chest X-ray, ECG, etc. were done.

The total number of male and female patients were 64 and 41. Out of total 105 patients, 62 i.e. 59.04% had abnormal LFTs at time of admission. learn more Out of these 62 patients, 44(70.9%) were Male and 18(29.03%) were female. Only 5(4.76%) patients had abnormal LFTs on repeat testing. Median Age of patients was 33years. Average stay of patients with Abnormal LFTs was 15 days (10-16 days) as compared to 10 days (7-11days) for patients with normal LFTs.

The prevalence of Abnormal Liver function tests in patients of COVID-19 is 59.04%. Abnormal liver functions were more in males. The average stay in hospital for COVID-19 patients with abnormal LFTs was longer than those with normal LFTs.

The prevalence of Abnormal Liver function tests in patients of COVID-19 is 59.04%. Abnormal liver functions were more in males. The average stay in hospital for COVID-19 patients with abnormal LFTs was longer than those with normal LFTs.