Huangtoft6828

026% capacity decay rate per cycle), and excellent rate performances. Notably, the Si p-NS@TNSs electrode-based LIB full cell delivers a high energy uptake of 405 Wh kg-1, many-times higher than that of the Si p-NSs full cell. This work offers a strategy to develop advanced Si-based anode materials with desirable properties for high-performance LIBs.Performance of 2D photodetectors is often predominated by charge traps that offer an effective photogating effect. The device features an ultrahigh gain and responsivity, but at the cost of a retarded temporal response due to the nature of long-lived trap states. In this work, we devise a gain mechanism that originates from massive charge puddles formed in the type-II 2D lateral heterostructures. This concept is demonstrated using graphene-contacted WS2 photodetectors embedded with WSe2 nanodots. Upon light illumination, photoexcited carriers are separated by the built-in field at the WSe2/WS2 heterojunctions (HJs), with holes trapped in the WSe2 nanodots. The resulting WSe2 hole puddles provide a photoconductive gain, as electrons are recirculating during the lifetime of holes that remain trapped in the puddles. The WSe2/WS2 HJ photodetectors exhibit a responsivity of 3 × 102 A/W with a gain of 7 × 102 electrons per photon. Meanwhile, the zero-gate response time is reduced by 5 orders of magnitude as compared to the prior reports for the graphene-contacted pristine WS2 monolayer and WS2/MoS2 heterobilayer photodetectors due to the ultrafast intralayer excitonic dynamics in the WSe2/WS2 HJs.Granular magnetic systems consisting of magnetic nanoparticles embedded in a nonmagnetic metallic matrix have emerged as an attractive building block for nanodevices. A key challenge for building interface-based nanodevice applications, such as magnetic memory devices, is to clearly know about the influences of interfacial roughness on the scattering of conduction electrons. Here, we demonstrate a granular magnetic system composed of Co and Cu nanoparticles and further link the atomic structure of the Co/Cu interface to the scattering mechanism of conduction electrons. The multiple scattering is caused by the dislocations at the rough interface, which lead to a reduction of conduction efficiency and an increase of energy consumption. These dislocations mostly originate from the lattice defects on the surface of nanoparticles, the lattice mismatch of two crystal structures, and the different surface energies. Based on the negative effects of a rough interface on electronic transport, we first develop a nanometal-fuse resistor, which could hopefully be used in the protection circuits of nanodevices. Our results may open up the possibility of implementing the low-dimensional granular magnetic materials in nanodevice applications.Metallic lithium (Li) anodes are crucial for the development of high specific energy batteries yet are plagued by their poor cycling efficiency. Electrode architecture engineering is vital for maintaining a stable anode volume and suppressing Li corrosion during cycling. In this paper, a reduced graphene oxide "host" framework for Li metal anodes is further optimized by embedding silicon (Si) nanoparticles between the graphene layers. FXR agonist They serve as Li nucleation seeds to promote Li deposition within the framework even without prestored Li. Meanwhile, the LixSi alloy particles serve as supporting "pillars" between the graphene layers, enabling a minimized thickness shrinkage after full stripping of metallic Li. Combined with a Li compatible electrolyte, a 99.4% Coulombic efficiency over ∼600 cycles is achieved, and stable cycling of a Li||NMC532 full cell for ∼380 cycles with negligible capacity decay is realized.Fossil fuel internal combustion engines generate and release a huge amount of nitrogen dioxide, leading to respiratory and allergic diseases such as asthma, pneumonia, and possibly tuberculosis. Here we develop an alveolus-inspired membrane sensor (AIMS) for self-powered wearable nitrogen dioxide detection and personal physiological assessment. The bionic AIMS exhibits an excellent sensitivity up to 452.44%, a good linearity of 0.976, and superior selectivity under a NO2 concentration of 50 ppm. Furthermore, the AIMS can also be employed to diagnose human breath behaviors for breath analysis. The fundamental sensing mechanism is established using a combination of thermodynamic analysis, finite-element analysis, and phase-field simulations. It is found that the depolarization field inside the sensitive materials plays a crucial role in the self-powered gas-sensing performance. This work not only provides an efficient, low-cost, portable, and environmentally friendly means for active environmental assessment and personal biomonitoring but also provides a deep understanding of the gas-sensing mechanisms.Mechanical displacement in commonly used piezoelectric materials is typically restricted to linear or biaxial in nature and to a few percent of the material dimensions. Here, we show that free-standing BaTiO3 membranes exhibit nonconventional electromechanical coupling. Under an external electric field, these superelastic membranes undergo controllable and reversible "sushi-rolling-like" 180° folding-unfolding cycles. This crease-free folding is mediated by charged ferroelectric domains, leading to giant >3.8 and 4.6 μm displacements for a 30 nm thick membrane at room temperature and 60 °C, respectively. Further increasing the electric field above the coercive value changes the fold curvature, hence augmenting the effective piezoresponse. Finally, it is found that the membranes fold with increasing temperature followed by complete immobility of the membrane above the Curie temperature, allowing us to model the ferroelectric domain origin of the effect.Solar steam generation as a promising solar energy conversion technology has attracted considerable interest in achieving seawater desalination and water purification. Although wood with fast water transportation and excellent heat localization has drawn particular interest in regard to its application for solar steam generation, challenges still remain in terms of its complicated processing techniques and relatively low efficiency. Here, we propose a facile, cost-efficient, and scalable brushing method to prepare an aluminophosphate-treated wood (Wood@AlP) solar steam generation device. The aluminophosphate compound deposited on the wood surface can not only be considered as the Lewis acid catalyst capable of accelerating the formation of the carbon layer but also provide an aluminophosphate layer with a hierarchical porous structure, which is beneficial for broad solar absorption and vapor escape. On the other hand, benefiting from the natural hydrophilicity, low thermal conductivity, and excellent water transportation of wood, the obtained Wood@AlP device can float on seawater and exhibit a high solar thermal efficiency of 90.