Hovgaardbernard5749

Aim The extent of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection in Nepalese children is largely unknown. Materials & methods Six hundred and seventy-two clinical samples collected from 232 patients between June and November 2016 were processed in a microbiology laboratory. Results Out of 300 culture-positive samples, 52 (17.3%) were S. aureus isolates. Among those 52, 39 (75.0%) were found to be MRSA. The infection rate of S. aureus was shown to be higher in inpatients (55.7%) compared with outpatients (44.3%) at p = 0.637, 95% CI. Thirteen types of antibiotics were used in the antibiotic susceptibility test. MRSA isolates showed 100 and 0% resistance to penicillin and vancomycin, respectively. The D-test showed inducible clindamycin-resistant phenotype in 15.4% of MRSA isolates. Conclusion This demonstrates the utmost need for routine testing for MRSA in Nepalese hospitals. © 2020 Raja Ram Gurung.Aim In this study, we investigated and compared the effect of different types of dissector (Maryland vs Hook) on changes in liver function tests (LFTs) after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Patients & methods The enrolled patients were divided into two groups. Group A patients underwent dissection by Maryland dissecting forceps, group B by Hook dissecting instrument. LFTs were measured preoperatively and at 1 day and 1 week, postoperatively. Results For both Maryland and Hook dissection, the 1-day postoperative values for total bilirubin, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase were significantly higher than the preoperative values. selleckchem Also, there were no statistical differences between Hook and Maryland. Conclusion The elevation of LFTs seems to be attributed to other factors. © 2020 Tagleb Mazahreh.Aim To evaluate the antibacterial activity of fosfomycin-meropenem and fosfomycin-colistin combinations against carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CR-Kp). Methods A total of 50 CR-Kp isolates recovered from blood cultures were included in this study. All the CR-Kp isolates were screened for the presence of carbapenem resistant genes bla IMP. bla VIM. bla NDM. bla OXA-48 like, bla KPC. bla GES.#x00A0;and bla SPM. Combination testing of fosfomycin-meropenem and fosfomycin-colistin were performed using time-kill assay. Results Fosfomycin-meropenem combination showed synergy in 20% of the tested CR-Kp isolates. While, fosfomycin-colistin exhibited synergy against 16% of the isolates. A total of 68% (n = 34) of CR-Kp isolates were characterised as OXA-48-like producers and 22% (n = 11) as NDM producers. Synergistic activity of these combinations was observed against OXA-48, NDM and NDM + OXA-48 co-producers. Conclusion Considerable synergistic antibacterial activity of fosfomycin-meropenem and fosfomycin-colistin was not observed against CR-Kp isolates. Therefore, these combinations may not be promising for infections associated with CR-Kp. © 2020 Balaji Veeraraghavan.Aim We performed a stress assessment of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) using the salivary biomarkers chromogranin A. Materials & methods Twenty healthy volunteers were subjected to NPPV for 30 min. We collected saliva samples before and after NPPV and evaluated chromogranin A. Results We collected saliva samples from 13 volunteers for enzyme measurement. Of the 13 volunteers, 11 showed elevated chromogranin A levels, which were significantly higher after NPPV than before NPPV (p less then 0.01). The chromogranin A increase group displayed significantly increased leak flow and reduced respiratory rate and absolute humidity compared with the chromogranin A reduction group. Conclusion The increase of leak volume might be a stress factor in patients receiving NPPV. © 2020 Yuri Fueda.Aim Left-sided colonic serrated adenomas (L-SAs) were evaluated for aneuploidy using automated imaging cytometry to quantify DNA content and compared with normal colonic tissues (NCT), tubular adenomas (TA), left-sided hyperplastic polyps (L-HP) and adenocarcinomas. Materials & methods We used standard paraffin-embedded Feulgen-stained tissue sections. Results The mean DNA index (DI) of NCT was 0.95, L-HP was 1.08, TA was 1.22, L-SA was 1.11 and adenocarcinomas was 1.46. DI of L-SA was statistically higher than that of NCT, but not statistically different from L-HP. Conclusion This study demonstrates that DIs correlate with the described neoplastic progression of L-SA, TA and L-SA compared with NCT and suggests that L-SA may be involved in a chromosome instability pathway of neoplastic progression. © 2020 Hiroshi Mashimo.Aim To demonstrate that myrrh oil preferentially kills nongrowing bacteria and causes no resistance development. Method Growth inhibition was determined on regular plates or plates without nutrients, which were later overlaid with soft agar containing nutrients to continue growth. Killing experiments were done in broth and in buffer without nutrients. Results Bacterial cells were inhibited preferentially in the absence of nutrients or when growth was halted by a bacteriostatic antibiotic. After five passages in myrrh oil, surviving colonies showed no resistance to the antibiotic. Conclusion Myrrh oil has the potential to be a commercially viable antibiotic that kills persister cells and causes no resistance development. This is a rare example of an antibiotic that can preferentially kill nongrowing bacteria. © 2020 Mrinal K Bhattacharjee.Aim In our previous report, we identified roles of CLDN7 in regulation of cell signaling. The goal of this study was to identify proteins interacting with CLDN7 in ovarian cancer. Methods The yeast two-hybrid system was used to identify proteins directly interacting with CLDN7 and cell survival was tested using colony formation assay. Results Amyloid precursor-like protein 2 (APLP2) was found directly associated with CLDN7 in ovarian cancer cell line OVCA420. In addition, APLP2 showed increased expression in ovarian cancer cell lines and tumor tissue samples compared with non-neoplastic ovarian tissues. Knockdown of CLDN7 led to increased expression of APLP2 at both the mRNA and protein levels. Knockdown of APLP2 was associated with decreased cell survival in ovarian cancer cells. Conclusion We show a direct interaction of CLDN7 with APLP2. These findings suggest novel regulatory role for APLP2 in ovarian cancer, a role that appears to be mediated by CLDN7. © 2020 NIH.