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Idiopathic or genetic generalized epilepsies (IGE) constitute an electroclinically well-defined group that accounts for almost one third of all people with epilepsy. They consist of four well-established syndromes and some other rarer phenotypes. The main four IGEs are juvenile myoclonic epilepsy, childhood absence epilepsy, juvenile absence epilepsy and IGE with generalized tonic-clonic seizures alone. There are three main seizure types in IGE, namely generalized tonic-clonic seizures, typical absences and myoclonic seizures, occurring either alone or in any combination. Diagnosing IGEs requires a multidimensional approach. The diagnostic process begins with a thorough medical history with a specific focus on seizure types, age at onset, timing and triggers. Comorbidities and family history should be questioned comprehensively. The EEG can provide valuable information for the diagnosis, including specific IGE syndromes, and therefore contribute to their optimal pharmacological treatment and management.Starting with an overview of AR Luria's biography, we will present his works in general psychology which are key to his conception of neuropsychology (this will be developed in a forthcoming paper). We will focus on the construction of the historical and cultural theory of psychology developed with LS Vygotski, according to which, in man, the natural mental activities, related to the genetic evolution and shared by all humankind, are transformed into higher cortical functions (that is conscious and voluntary activities) through the mediation of language and the products of social activity, thus differ according to the development of societies. We review the Luria's studies devoted to support the theory in his expeditions in Central Asia, his studies in twins and intellectual disabled children, and the demonstration of the role of speech in the child development of the higher mental activities and regulation of behavior.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), can manifest as an inflammatory arthropathy in the ankle. As a result, this study sought to examine the role of RA with respect to complications in patients undergoing either total ankle arthroplasty or ankle arthrodesis by utilizing the National Inpatient Sample to assess for correlations.

Admissions for TAA and AA were extracted from the National Inpatient Sample using primary ICD-9-CM diagnosis codes. Patients aged 18-65 years with a duration of hospital stay of >3 days and isolated complications were included. Multivariable regression was then performed within matched groups to determine differences.

There was decreased risk of myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolism, surgical site infection, and urinary tract infection in patients with RA. Postoperative development of pneumonia was seen at a higher rate in patients with RA.

RA is not associated with a markedly increased complication burden in the appropriately chosen surgical candidate for ankle arthrodesis and ankle arthroplasty.

RA is not associated with a markedly increased complication burden in the appropriately chosen surgical candidate for ankle arthrodesis and ankle arthroplasty.

Resection margin status and lymph node (LN) involvement are known prognostic factors for patients who undergo pancreatoduodenectomy for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). This study aimed to compare overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) by resection margin status in patients with PDAC and LN involvement.

A retrospective international multicentric study was performed including four Western centers. Multivariable Cox analysis was performed to identify prognostic factors of OS and DFS. Median OS and DFS were calculated using Kaplan-Meier curves and compared using log-rank tests.

A cohort of 814 PDAC patients with pancreatoduodenectomy were analyzed. A total of 651 patients had LN involvement (80%). selleck chemical On multivariable analysis R1 resection was not an independent factor of worse OS and DFS in patients with LN involvement (HR 1.1, p=0.565; HR 1.2, p=0.174). Only tumor size, grade, and adjuvant chemotherapy were associated with OS and DFS. Median OS and DFS were similar between patients with R0 and R1 resections (23 vs. 20 months, p=0.196; 15 vs. 14 months, p=0.080).

Resection status was not identified as predictor of OS or DFS in PDAC patients with LN involvement. Extensive surgery to achieve R0 resection in such patients might not influence the disease course.

Resection status was not identified as predictor of OS or DFS in PDAC patients with LN involvement. Extensive surgery to achieve R0 resection in such patients might not influence the disease course.

Four-hour voiding observation with provocation test (VOP) using a scale, a damp detector and ultrasound for determination of residuals, is an easily performed non-invasive method for the evaluation of bladder function in newborns. Neonatal bladder function evaluated with VOP has been described for healthy newborns (HN) but not for children with spinal dysraphism (SD), for whom early bladder evaluation is essential for decisions regarding Clean Intermittent Catheterization and follow-up. The aim of the present study was to describe voiding observation with provocation test in newborns with spinal dysraphism and compare with corresponding data for healthy newborns.

At a tertiary hospital, a 4h voiding observation with provocation (VOP) was performed in 50 neonates (22 girls, 28 boys) with spinal dysraphism (37 open SD, 13 closed SD) consecutively evaluated for possible neurogenic bladder-sphincter dysfunction (1998-2019). All newborns with open SD and 4/13 with closed SD had been through postnatal neurosurgealthy newborns do not. Early determination of post-void residuals is mandatory in children with spinal dysraphism and non-invasive VOP gives this information in a standardized way, also adding information on frequency, voiding with a stream and leakage at provocation.

To identify the outcomes of stereotactic vacuum-assisted large bore biopsies performed on sonographically-occult non-calcified mammographic lesions (NCL).

In an IRB-approved retrospective study, we reviewed all NCL that underwent stereotactic biopsy from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2017 at our institution, comparing patient age, lesion type, size and location with pathology outcome (benign, high-risk or malignant) using Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney or Fisher's exact tests as appropriate. Multivariable logistic regression models were developed to decrease benign biopsies in our cohort with diagnostic performance assessed using receiver operating characteristic curve and area under the curve (AUC).

Of 222 biopsied lesions in 213 patients, 79.3% (176/222) were benign, 5.9% (13/222) malignant, and 14.9% (33/222) high-risk. NCL were less likely to be malignant compared to calcifications biopsied in the same period [5.9% vs 19.0% (243/1279), p < 0.001]. All 42 asymmetries and 33 architectural distortions were benign, while 8.