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4%) had neither. The median duration of anti-TNF treatment was 40.0 months. The deep healing group had the lowest median fecal calprotectin level (56.5 mg/kg) among the four groups (p less then 0.001). The fecal calprotectin cutoff level of 81.1 mg/kg showed a sensitivity of 0.623 and a specificity of 0.817 in predicting deep healing (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUROC], 0.767; 95% confidence interval, 0.702-0.832). Adding serum C-reactive protein and serum albumin to fecal calprotectin further increased the AUROC to 0.805 (95% confidence interval, 0.752-0.858). CONCLUSION Fecal calprotectin, when combined with serum C-reactive protein and albumin, showed acceptable performance in predicting deep healing in patients with Crohn's disease. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of European Crohn’s and Colitis Organisation. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email journals.permissions@oup.com.Burn wound healing is one of the most important problems in the field of medical science. Promising results have recently been reported by researchers who used bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) to treat burn wounds. In this study, we investigated the effects of BMSC therapy in combination with simvastatin (SMV) on angiogenesis as well as on the activity of the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway during burn wound healing in rats. After creating second-degree burn wounds, 40 adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four treatment groups the control, SMV, BMSCs, and the combination therapy group (BMSCs+SMV). Animals were sacrificed 14 days after treatment initiation and the wounds were removed for histological and molecular analyses. All in all, combination therapy produced better outcomes than individual therapy in terms of the wound closure area, epidermal regeneration level, collagen deposition intensity, and re-epithelialization rate. In addition, the elevations of expression levels of Akt and mTOR genes, at both mRNA and protein levels, were more pronounced in the BMSCs+SMV group (P less then 0.05, at least, for both qRT-PCR and western blot assessments). qRT-PCR findings also demonstrated that the wounds treated with the combination of BMSCs and Smv had the highest expression levels of CD31 and VEGF genes (P less then 0.01 for all comparisons). These data suggest that the combined administration of BMSCs transplantation and topical SMV has a great potential in burn wound healing. According to the findings, the beneficial effects of the combination therapy are caused, at least in part, through stimulating Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. © American Burn Association 2020. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail journals.permissions@oup.com.OBJECTIVES Primary cutaneous clear cell sarcoma (PCS) is a rare malignancy and difficult to differentiate from melanoma. We investigated factors influencing survival and recurrence. METHODS An institutional cancer registry and literature search were used for a retrospective study. Only clear cell sarcoma cases with a primary site of skin and subcutaneous tissue were included. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses were used to assess survival time and hazard ratios. RESULTS Three eligible cases were identified at our institution. In addition, the PubMed and Google Scholar reviews identified 1,878 items, with 23 patients with PCS. The median age was 25 years with 62% female. The tumors ranged in size from 0.4 to 4.5 cm. Cytogenetics showed t(12;22)(q13;q12) in all cases and a unique variant of t(2;22)(q32.3;q12) in one case. Surgery was the most common treatment, followed by chemotherapy/radiation. PCS recurred in 46% of patients with a median relapse-free survival time of 15 months. Only two known PCS-related mortalities were recorded, at 38 and 60 months following initial diagnosis. Smaller tumor size and negative sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) status were significantly associated with a better disease-free survival. CONCLUSIONS Tumor size and SLNB status influence PCS survival and recurrence. More research is needed due to the rarity of this disease. KEY POINTS 1. Primary cutaneous clear cell sarcoma (PCS) has features that overlap with primary melanoma mostly without an epidermal component, making it a diagnostic challenge; however, it has a better prognosis.2. Tumor size and sentinel lymph nodes biopsy status were the most influential factors for survival in patients with PCS.3. Nearly half of patients showed recurrence; therefore, clinical monitoring is recommended. © American Society for Clinical Pathology, 2020. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail journals.permissions@oup.com.Several studies have demonstrated that Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated not only with difficulty in remembering past events but also with a compromised ability to imagine future ones. Recent empirical research has also demonstrated that odor is an effective cue to alleviate difficulty in remembering past events in AD. We investigated whether odor exposure would help AD patients to imagine future events. To this end, we invited AD patients and control participants to evoke past and future events after odor exposure or without odor. Analysis showed that AD patients and control participants produced more specific and more emotional past and future events after odor exposure than without odor. However, odor exposure did not improve the retrieval time for future thinking in AD participants. This study is the first to demonstrate positive effects of odor exposure on the ability of AD patients to project themselves into the future. © Crown copyright 2020.AIMS Not all worsening renal function (WRF) during heart failure treatment is associated with a poor prognosis. However, a metric capable providing a prognosis of relevant WRF has not been developed. Our aim was to evaluate if a change in tricuspid regurgitation pressure gradient (TRPG) could discriminate prognostically relevant and not relevant WRF in patients with acute heart failure (AHF). Inflammation inhibitor METHODS AND RESULTS We examined 809 consecutive hospitalized patients with heart failure (78 ± 12 years, 54% male). WRF was defined as an increase in creatinine >0.3 mg and ≥25% from admission to discharge. TRPG was measured at admission and before discharge using echocardiography. The primary outcome was all-cause death within 1-year after discharge. Patients were classified as follows for analysis no WRF and no TRPG increase (n = 523); no WRF and TRPG increase (no WRF with iTRPG, n = 170); WRF and no TRPG increase (WRF without iTRPG, n = 90); and WRF and TRPG increase (WRF with iTRPG, n = 26). A change in TRPG weakly but significantly correlated to a change in haemoglobin and haematocrit, a percent decrease in brain natriuretic peptide, and body weight reduction during the index period of hospitalization.