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Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the chronic inflammatory disorder that affects both in childhood and adulthood. Mounting evidence indicates that gut dysbiosis contributes to AD via the gut-skin axis. Constipation can result in alteration of the gut microflora. The clinical impact of constipation on AD has not been researched. Therefore, we aim to assess the risk of AD in constipated patients by the population-based cohort study.

We collected 85554 constipated people and 85554 people without constipation between 1999 and 2013 from the Taiwanese National Health Insurance Research Database. Propensity score analysis was administrated to match age, gender, comorbidities and medications at a ratio of 11. Multiple Cox regression analysis was utilised to evaluate the adjusted hazard ratio of AD. In addition, sensitivity tests and a stratified analysis were conducted.

The incidence of AD was 4.9 per 1000 person-years in the constipation group, which was higher than the rate of 2.1 per 1000 person-years observed in the non-constipation group. After adjustment for age, gender, comorbidities, corticosteroids, antihistamine and antibiotics, constipated people had a 2.31-fold greater risk of AD compared with those without constipation (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 2.31 (95% CI 2.17-2.46). Moreover, constipated people had a higher likelihood of AD, regardless of gender, comorbidities, as well as the usage of corticosteroids, antihistamines and antibiotics.

Constipation is associated with a significantly risk factor of AD. Clinicians should be careful of the possibility of AD in constipated people. Further study is warranted to investigate the possible pathological mechanisms of this relationship.

Constipation is associated with a significantly risk factor of AD. Clinicians should be careful of the possibility of AD in constipated people. Further study is warranted to investigate the possible pathological mechanisms of this relationship.Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia. Aβ plaques and tauopathy are two major concerns associated with AD. Moreover, excessive Aβ accumulation can lead to other nonspecific metabolic brain abnormalities. There are various genetic, environmental, and other risk factors associated with AD. Identification of risk factors and its mechanisms by which these factors impart role in AD pathology would be helpful for the prevention of AD progression. Altered cholesterol homeostasis could be considered as a risk factor for AD progression. Brain cholesterol dysmetabolism is recognized as one of the crucial attributes for AD that affect major hallmarks of AD including neurodegeneration. To fill the gap between altered cholesterol levels in the brain and AD, the researchers started focusing on statins as re-purposing drugs for AD treatment. The various other hypothesis has been suggested due to a lack of beneficial results of statins in clinical trials, such as reduced brain cholesterol could underlie poor cognition. Unfortunately, it is still unclear, whether an increase or decrease in brain cholesterol levels responsible for Alzheimer's disease or not. Presently, scientists believed that managing the level of cholesterol in the brain may help as an alternative treatment strategy for AD. In this review, we focused on the therapeutic strategies for AD by targeting brain cholesterol levels.

Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric cancer (EBVGC) has been reported to be associated with a low risk for lymph node metastasis (LNM). However, the curative criteria for endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for submucosal EBVGC (pT1b-EBVGC) remain unclear. Our study aimed to investigate the risk factors for LNM in pT1b-EBVGC.

This was a retrospective multicenter study at five institutes in Japan. We reviewed medical records and extracted all pT1b-EBVGC cases that met the following criteria (i) histologically proven submucosal gastric cancer; (ii) surgical or endoscopic resection between January 2000 and December 2016; and (iii) presence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in tumor cells verified by EBV-encoded small RNA in situ hybridization (EBER-ISH). The association between clinicopathological factors and LNM were assessed using multivariable logistic regression analysis.

A total of 185 pT1b-EBVGC cases were included in the analysis. LNM was found in nine cases (4.9%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis demonstrated that lymphatic invasion (OR 9.1; 95% CI 2.1-46.1) and submucosal invasion ≥4000μm (OR 9.2; 95% CI 1.3-110.3) were significant risk factors for LNM. When we focused on pT1b-EBVGC without lymphatic invasion and with submucosal invasion <2000μm, the rate of LNM was 0% (0/96, 95% CI 0-3.8%).

Our findings indicated that lymphatic invasion and submucosal invasion ≥4000μm were significant risk factors for LNM. ESD could be an appropriate option for pT1b-EBVGC without lymphatic invasion and with submucosal invasion <2000μm.

Our findings indicated that lymphatic invasion and submucosal invasion ≥4000 μm were significant risk factors for LNM. ESD could be an appropriate option for pT1b-EBVGC without lymphatic invasion and with submucosal invasion less then 2000 μm.

Although drug-coated balloon (DCB) angioplasty is a well-established drug-eluting stent (DES) in-stent restenosis (ISR) strategy, there are minimal data regarding the association of neointimal burden on optical coherence tomography (OCT) before and after DCB and adverse clinical events. This study aimed to investigate the clinical impact of neointimal burden measured with OCT in patients with DES ISR after DCB angioplasty.

From 2010 through 2013, a total of 122 patients with 122 ISR lesions were treated with DCB, which was preceded and followed by OCT examination. Major adverse cardiac events (MACE, a composite occurrence of cardiovascular cardiac death, nonfatal myocardial infarction [MI], or target lesion revascularization [TLR]) were evaluated.

MACE occurred in 27 patients (4 nonfatal MIs and 23 TLRs) during the follow-up (median 55.3 months, interquartile range 43.1-66.0). The mean lumen area was significantly smaller (3.21 ± 2.42 mm

vs. 4.80 ± 2.53 mm

, p = .005) and the mean percentage of neointimal volume derived by OCT was greater (49.3 ± 9.2% vs. 38.3 ± 17.5%, p = .006) in patients with MACE before DCB angioplasty. The pre-procedural mean percentage of neointimal volume (cut-off 50%, area under the receiver operating characteristic [ROC] curve = 0.644, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.531-0.758, p = .022) and post-procedural mean percentage of neointimal volume (cut-off 25%, area under ROC curve = 0.659, 95% CI = 0.546-0.773, p = .012) were identified as significant parameters to predict MACE.

The OCT-derived mean percentages of neointimal volume before and after DCB angioplasty can be important parameters for predicting future MACE in patients with DES ISR.

The OCT-derived mean percentages of neointimal volume before and after DCB angioplasty can be important parameters for predicting future MACE in patients with DES ISR.

Autologous platelet-derived preparations have been used in many surgical fields to improve healing outcomes, with benefits reported in several aesthetic indications.

This single-center, prospective, uncontrolled study evaluated the efficacy of injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) for facial skin rejuvenation using an objective skin analysis system and validated patient-reported outcome measures.

PRF

PROCESS system technology was used to prepare i-PRP. Eleven healthy female individuals were included in the study and over 3-months received monthly intradermal injections of i-PRF in 3 facial regions malar areas (1mL each side), nasolabial fold (0.5mL each side), and upper lip skin above the vermilion border (1mL). The efficacy of the procedures was assessed by objective skin analysis (VISIA

) and a subjective patient-reported outcome (FACE-Q) assessment at baseline and after 3months.

A significant improvement in skin surface spots (P=.01) and pores (P=.03) was seen at 3-months follow-up. Other variables, such as skin texture, wrinkles, ultraviolet spots, and porphyrins, showed a numerical improvement. FACE-Q scales that measure satisfaction with appearance all showed a significant improvement from baseline, including satisfaction with skin (P=.002), satisfaction with facial appearance (P=.025), satisfaction with cheeks (P=.001), satisfaction with lower face and jawline (P=.002), and satisfaction with lips (P=.04). No major adverse effects were reported.

A series of three i-PRF injections resulted in significant rejuvenation of the face skin at 3-month follow-up, as shown by improved skin analysis parameters and patient self-assessment scores.

A series of three i-PRF injections resulted in significant rejuvenation of the face skin at 3-month follow-up, as shown by improved skin analysis parameters and patient self-assessment scores.Affiliative tactile interactions buffer social mammals against neurobiological and behavioral effects of stress. The aim of this study was to investigate the cutaneous mechanisms underlying such beneficial consequences of touch by determining whether daily stroking, specifically targeted to activate a velocity/force tuned class of low-threshold c-fiber mechanoreceptor (CLTM), confers resilience against established markers of chronic unpredictable mild stress (CMS). Adult male Sprague Dawley rats were exposed to 2 weeks of CMS. Throughout the CMS protocol, some rats were stroked daily, either at CLTM optimal velocity (5 cm/s) or outside the CLTM optimal range (30 cm/s). A third CMS exposed group did not receive any tactile stimulation. The effect of CMS on serum corticosterone levels, anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors in these three groups was assessed in comparison to a control group of non-CMS exposed rats. While stroking did not mitigate the effects of CMS on body weight gain, CLTM optimal velocity stroking did significantly reduce CMS-induced elevations in corticosterone following an acute forced-swim. Rats receiving CLTM optimal stroking also showed significantly fewer anxiety-like behaviors (elevated plus-maze) than the other CMS exposed rats. In terms of depressive-like behavior, whereas the same velocity-specific resilience was observed in a forced-swim test and social interaction test both groups of stroked rats spent significantly less time interacting than control rats, though they also spent significantly less time in the corner than non-stroked CMS rats. Together, these findings support the theory CLTMs play a functional role in regulating the physiological condition of the body.Primary aldosteronism (PA) is associated with resistant hypertension and cardiovascular events. There are some limitations of current medical and surgical therapies for PA. To determine the efficacy and safety of catheter-based adrenal artery ablation for treatment of PA patients who refused both surgery and medical therapy, we performed this prospective cohort study. Thirty-six PA patients without apparent aldosteronoma were treated by adrenal artery ablation. Primary outcome was postoperative blood pressure and defined daily dose (DDD) of antihypertensive medications after adrenal ablation. learn more Secondary outcome was biochemical success. We assessed outcomes based on Primary Aldosteronism Surgical Outcome (PASO) criteria. Adrenal CT scan, biochemical evaluation, adrenal artery ablation and adrenal venous sampling (AVS) were underwent. After adrenal ablation, complete clinical success (normotension without antihypertensive medication) was achieved in 9/36 (25.0%) patients and partial clinical success (reduction in blood pressure or less antihypertensive medication) in 13/36 (36.

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