Honoreskytte8018

To examine the differences in community participation and quality of life (QOL) among individuals who use wheelchairs full time with and without fear of falling (FOF).

Cross-sectional study design.

University research laboratory.

Individuals (N=85) who use a manual or power wheelchair full time who are living with various health conditions and have a history of at least 1 fall in the past 12 months (age, 45.4±15.8y; disability duration, 21.5±13.6y) were included. Forty-six (54%) were manual wheelchair users.

Not applicable.

To quantify FOF, participants responded (yes/no) to the question "Are you worried or concerned that you might fall?" Community participation and QOL were indexed by the Community Participation Indicator (CPI) and the World Health Organization Quality of Life-Brief version (WHOQOL-BREF), respectively. A multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was performed to examine the differences in CPI and WHOQOL-BREF scores among wheelchair users who reported FOF and no FOF.

A total ofed to better understand how FOF influences community participation and QOL among individuals who use wheelchairs full time. Findings would support the development of interventions, specifically for individuals who use wheelchairs full time, to reduce FOF and improve community participation and QOL.

To systematically review and synthesize the evidence on physical activity and sedentary behavior during and after hospitalization.

Electronic databases and reference lists of relevant articles were searched from 2000 to April2020.

Studies which continuously monitored physical activity and/or sedentary behavior in hospitalized adults across 2 settings (ie, without a break in measurement between settings). CHR2797 supplier Monitoring could occur from an acute to a subacute or rehabilitation hospital setting, an acute setting to home, or from a subacute or rehabilitation setting to home.

Data extraction and methodological quality assessments were independently performed by 2 reviewers using standardized checklists.

A total of 15 of the 5579 studies identified were included. The studies were composed of heterogenous patient populations. All studies monitored patients with either an accelerometer and/or pedometer and reported a variety of measures, including steps per day, sedentary time, and activity counts. The majorittion of home-hospitalization models may result in increased patient physical activity and reduced sedentary behavior. Further experimental studies are required investigating the effect of home-based models of care on physical activity and sedentary behavior.Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a multisystemic disorder that affects 30%-80% of patients who undergo allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation 10%-15% of GVHD patients develop sclerotic features affecting the skin or deeper tissues, leading to functional limitations and poor quality of life. There is limited literature regarding the indications and efficacy of specific rehabilitative interventions in sclerotic GVHD (sclGVHD). In this article, we summarize the current evidence supporting rehabilitation intervention in sclGVHD and offer our approach to the multidisciplinary management of this disease. In addition, we review techniques that have been employed in other sclerotic skin diseases (eg, iontophoresis, extracorporeal shock waves, botulinum toxin A, adipose derived stromal vascular fraction), but that require further validation in the sclGVHD setting. Ultimately, optimal care for this complex disease requires a multidisciplinary approach that includes a rehabilitation and adaptive program tailored to each patient's needs.

To identify and characterize subgroups of stroke patients with clinical signs of dysphagia, based on swallowing-related strength and skill impairments of the submental muscle group.

Prospective observational study.

Inpatient rehabilitation centers and community dwellings.

Individuals (N=114), including stroke patients with dysphagia (n=55) and 2 control groups including myopathic patients with dysphagia (n=19) and healthy volunteers (n=40) were included in this study.

Not applicable.

Novel clinical assessment of strength (force generation) and skill (spatial and temporal precision of muscle activation) of the submental muscle group during swallowing and nonswallowing behaviors, using surface electromyography and dynamometry.

Hierarchical cluster analysis revealed 4 clusters, which could be broadly characterized as cluster 1 intact strength and skill, cluster 2 poor strength and poor nonswallowing skill, cluster 3 poor strength, and cluster 4 poor strength and poor swallowing skill. Membership ing function. Future research should focus on the nature and rehabilitation needs of these subtypes. Assessment of skill in swallowing may be an important but overlooked aspect of rehabilitation.Cell division control protein 42 homolog (Cdc42) protein, a Ras superfamily GTPase, regulates cellular activities, including cancer progression. Using all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and essential dynamic analysis, we investigated the structure and dynamics of the catalytic domains of GDP-bound (inactive) and GTP-bound (active) Cdc42 in solution. We discovered substantial differences in the dynamics of the inactive and active forms, particularly in the "insert region" (residues 122-135), which plays a role in Cdc42 activation and binding to effectors. The insert region has larger conformational flexibility in the GDP-bound Cdc42 than in the GTP-bound Cdc42. The G2 loop and switch I at the effector lobe of the catalytic domain exhibit large conformational changes in both the GDP- and the GTP-bound systems, but in the GTP-bound Cdc42, the switch I interactions with GTP are retained. Oncogenic mutations were identified in the Ras superfamily. In Cdc42, the G12V and Q61L mutations decrease the GTPase activity. We simulated these mutations in both GDP- and GTP-bound Cdc42. Although the overall structural organization is quite similar between the wild type and the mutants, there are small differences in the conformational dynamics, especially in the two switch regions. Taken together, the G12V and Q61L mutations may play a role similar to their K-Ras counterparts in nucleotide binding and activation. The conformational differences, which are mainly in the insert region and, to a lesser extent, in the switch regions flanking the nucleotide binding site, can shed light on binding and activation. We propose that the differences are due to a network of hydrogen bonds that gets disrupted when Cdc42 is bound to GDP, a disruption that does not exist in other Rho GTPases. The differences in the dynamics between the two Cdc42 states suggest that the inactive conformation has reduced ability to bind to effectors.