Hollowayhaas2854

Persistent and mobile organic compounds (PMOCs) are often detected micropollutants in the water cycle, thereby challenging the conventional wastewater and drinking water treatment techniques. Carbon-based adsorbents are often less effective or even unable to remove this class of pollutants. selleckchem Understanding of PMOC adsorption mechanisms is urgently needed for advanced treatment of PMOC-contaminated water. Here, we investigated the effect of surface modifications of activated carbon felts (ACFs) on the adsorption of six selected PMOCs carrying polar or ionic groups. Among three ACFs, defunctionalized ACF bearing net positive surface charge at neutral pH provides the most versatile sorption efficiency for all studied PMOC types representing neutral, anionic and cationic compounds. Ion exchange capacity giving quantitative information of sorbent surface charges at specified pH is recognized as a frequently underestimated key property for evaluating adsorbents aiming at PMOC adsorption. A most recently developed prediction tool for Freundlich parameters in PMOC adsorption was applied and the prediction results are compared to the experimental data. The comparison demonstrates the so far underestimated importance of the sorbent surface chemistry for PMOC adsorption affinity and capacity. PMOC adsorption mechanisms were additionally investigated by adsorption experiments at various temperatures, pH values and electrolyte concentrations. Exothermic sorption was observed for all sorbate-sorbent pairs. Adsorption is improved for ionic PMOCs on AC carrying sites of the same charge (positive or negative) at increased electrolyte concentration, while not affected for neutral PMOCs unless strong electron donor-acceptor yet weak non-Coulombic interactions exist. Our findings will allow for better design and targeted application of activated carbon-based sorbents in water treatment facilities.Mid-20th century mining in Naabeehó Bináhásdzo (Navajo Nation) polluted soil and groundwater with uranium and arsenic. The Diné and other indigenous residents of this region use groundwater for drinking, livestock, and irrigation, creating a serious environmental health risk. Currently, many individuals and communities on the Navajo Nation must purchase and transport treated water from hours away. Sunflowers (Helianthus annuus) preferentially take up uranium and arsenic, potentially representing a tool to remove these contaminants through on-site, low-cost phytoremediation. This study reports the results of a collaboration among researchers, high school students, teachers, and tribal leaders to analyze water chemistry and perform a phytoremediation experiment. In 2018 and 2019, we compiled existing data from the Navajo Nation Environmental Protection Agency (NNEPA) and collected samples from surface and groundwater. We then used sunflower seedlings grown in local soil to assess whether phytoremediation could nities for Diné high school students, undergraduate researchers, and senior personnel.

Previous studies have reported chemotherapy-induced neutropenia (CIN) as a prognostic factor in stage IV colorectal cancer (CRC). However, only few reports analyzed the prognostic value of CIN in patients with stage III CRC who received adjuvant chemotherapy with oxaliplatin, 5-fluorouracil, and leucovorin (FOLFOX). We aimed to investigate the prognostic implications of CIN in patients with stage III CRC who received adjuvant chemotherapy with FOLFOX.

We retrospectively analyzed patients with stage III CRC who received adjuvant chemotherapy with FOLFOX at a tertiary hospital between January 2007 and December 2017. Severe CIN was defined as an absolute neutrophil count of less than 1000/mm

. Three-y disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed as primary endpoints.

Among the 199 patients included in this study, 110 patients (55.3%) experienced severe CIN. There were no significant differences in survival outcomes between the control and CIN groups (control group versus CIN group 3-y OS, 82.0 % versus 72.7 %; log rank, P=0.250 and 3-y DFS, 71.9 % versus 62.7; log rank, P=0.294). Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that CIN did not affect DFS and OS in patients with stage III CRC who received adjuvant FOLFOX chemotherapy.

Severe CIN occurring during adjuvant FOLFOX chemotherapy did not play a significant role in the prognosis of patients with stage III CRC.

Severe CIN occurring during adjuvant FOLFOX chemotherapy did not play a significant role in the prognosis of patients with stage III CRC.A convolutional neural network is used to align an orbital angular momentum sorter in a transmission electron microscope. The method is demonstrated using simulations and experiments. As a result of its accuracy and speed, it offers the possibility of real-time tuning of other electron optical devices and electron beam shaping configurations.

To provide prevalence data for future comparative analysis of the health status of rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) accumulated in the archaeological record.

Two contrasting assemblages were analysed for pathological and sub-pathological changes 1) an assemblage of domestic modern rabbit bones; and 2) a non-anthropogenic accumulation of archaeological rabbit remains.

The lesions observed macroscopically, under magnification, and radiographically in both assemblages are quantified and described.

In the first assemblage, pathological and sub-pathological changes mostly affected the lower limb bones and primarily took two forms diaphyseal periosteal proliferation and hypervascularised distal physes. Differential diagnosis of the periosteal proliferation suggests that pododermatitis is the most probable cause. In the second assemblage fractures were the most common lesions, but isolated examples of hypervascularised physes, periosteal proliferation, and musculo-skeletal stress markers were also identified. The pathological changes recorded is typical of a naturally-accumulated population of wild rabbits.

The prevalence of pathological and sub-pathological skeletal changes in the rabbits, and thus their health status, are closely related to living conditions. This study demonstrates the value of systematically recording pathologies in rabbit bones.

We contribute new data to help understand rabbit interactions with humans in the past and also the environment they inhabited.

Working with modern samples frequently means only incomplete skeletons are available for study. In these cases lesion prevalence always needs to be interpreted with caution.

Paleopathological studies of rabbit remains are remarkable for their absence. Further exhaustive research in this area is advised.

Paleopathological studies of rabbit remains are remarkable for their absence. Further exhaustive research in this area is advised.