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Obesity and weight gain have been associated with poor disease-specific and health-related outcomes in breast cancer survivors (BCS). But the benefits of weight loss in managing BCS have not been elucidated.

To evaluate the beneficial effects of weight loss programs in randomized controlled trials on BCS.

We searched English databases PubMed, the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Chinese databases China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Weipu Information Chinese Periodical Service Platform (VIP), China Biomedical Literature Service System (SinoMed), and Wanfang from the inception to January 2021 and collected randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of weight loss programs for BCS. Two reviewers independently screened the literature, extracted the data, and assessed the risk of bias in the included studies. The data synthesis was performed on RevMan (version 5.3), and the publication bias was calculated with STATA (version 15.1).

Ten RCTs were included in the meta-analyst loss programs for BCS. The results indicated that weight loss programs could significantly improve specific anthropometric outcomes but not affect biochemical indicators. Researchers should tailor weight loss interventions to the body fat status of BCS. Evidence to support the translation of effective weight loss intervention programs into wider-scale implementation is needed to be part of routine survivorship care.

This review summarizes the benefits of weight loss programs for BCS. The results indicated that weight loss programs could significantly improve specific anthropometric outcomes but not affect biochemical indicators. Researchers should tailor weight loss interventions to the body fat status of BCS. Evidence to support the translation of effective weight loss intervention programs into wider-scale implementation is needed to be part of routine survivorship care.

While an increasing number of women are surviving breast cancer, survivors remain at risk of developing late effects. Late effects are long-term side effects which may emerge months to years after completing active treatment. Survivors may experience chronic worry and concern about the unpredictable and debilitating nature of late effects. This qualitative study aimed to explore the content validity of items included in the first patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) to quantify survivors' concerns about late effects the Concerns about Late Effects in Oncology Questionnaire (CLEO).

Items included in the CLEO were informed by a literature review and consultation with expert stakeholders. Breast cancer survivors completed "think aloud" interviews to explore the perceived acceptability, relevance, clarity, and feasibility of the CLEO. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using framework analysis.

Twenty-eight participants were interviewed. Participants indicated the CLEO was acceptable, relehould assess the relevance of the CLEO items to other cancer populations. The psychometric properties of the CLEO will be evaluated in future stages of questionnaire development.

Reducing complications at the puncture site after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is important. ATN-161 cell line The diameter of a 6.5-French (Fr) sheathless guiding catheter (GC) is smaller by approximately 2-Fr compared to a 6-Fr conventional sheath. In the present study, we investigated the post-PCI puncture site complications of a transradial approach in each gender while using a 6.5-Fr sheathless GC.

Our study consisted of 332 patients who underwent transradial coronary intervention (TRI) between August 2017 and July 2019. We classified the patients into either the 6.5-Fr sheathless GC (Asahi, Intecc, Aichi, Japan) Group (Sheathless group n = 182 males, 58 females) or the 6-Fr sheathed GC Group (Sheathed group n = 150 males, 36 females). We determined the complications at the puncture site oozing, subcutaneous hemorrhage, formation of hematoma, pseudoaneurysms, and peripheral neuropathy. The body mass index of the patients was greater in the sheathless GC group compared to the sheathed GC group (24.5 ± 3.5kg/m

vs. 23.6 ± 3.7kg/m

, p = 0.02). In males, there was no significant difference in the complication rate at the puncture site between the sheathless GC and sheathed GC groups (19.3% vs. 18.6%, p = 0.88). However, the complication rate at the puncture site in females was higher in the sheathed GC group than in the sheathless GC group (36% vs. 15.5%, p = 0.02). A multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that the use of a 6.5-Fr sheathless GC independently reduced the complications in female patients (p = 0.006).

The use of the 6.5-Fr sheathless GC system in a transradial approach reduced the complications at the puncture site in female patients. The 6.5-Fr sheathless GC system may be a safe option for them compared to the conventional sheath system.

The use of the 6.5-Fr sheathless GC system in a transradial approach reduced the complications at the puncture site in female patients. The 6.5-Fr sheathless GC system may be a safe option for them compared to the conventional sheath system.

Trainee involvement in patient care has raised concerns about the potential risk of adverse outcomes and harming patients. We sought to analyze the impact and potential consequence of surgical trainee involvement in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) procedures in terms of surgical efficacy, patient safety, and functional outcomes.

We systematically reviewed Medline/PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane library, and Scopus databases in April 2021. Eligible studies reported on the impact of trainee participation in TKA procedures performed with and without such involvement.

Twenty-three publications met our eligibility criteria and were included in our study. These studies reported on 132,624 surgeries completed on 132,416 patients. Specifically, 23,988 and 108,636 TKAs were performed with and without trainee involvement, respectively. The mean operative times for procedures with (n = 19,573) and without (n = 94,581) trainee involvement were 99.77 and 85.05min, respectively. Both studies that reported data on cost of r level of evidence are still needed for a resolute conclusion.Climate change is a global challenge that is accelerated by contamination with hazardous substances like arsenic (As), posing threat to the agriculture, ecosystem and human health. Here, we explored the impact of various ameliorants on geochemical distribution of As in two soils with contrasting textures (sandy clay loam (Khudpur Village) and clay loam (Mattital Village)) under paddy soil conditions and their influence on the CO2-carbon efflux. The exchangeable As pool in clay loam soil increased as lignite (0.4%)  farmyard manure (21%) that was higher compared to the clay loam soil ( less then  6% for all the amendments). In addition to the highest As immobilization by biochar in sandy clay loam soil, it also led to the lowest CO2-carbon efflux (1470 CO2-C mg kg-1) among all the organic/inorganic amendments. Overall, the current study advances our understanding on the pivotal role of organic amendments, notably biochar, in immobilizing As under paddy soil conditions with low (CO2) carbon loss, albeit it is dependent on soil and ameliorant types.Although existing literature has explored the effect of the emission trading system (ETS) on economic growth and pollution emissions, little is known about the impact of the ETS on residents' heath, especially infant health. Based on a "big sample" data set from 1773 county-level administrative regions in China from 2001 to 2012 and a differences-in-differences (DID) strategy, for the first time, this paper investigates the effect of China's SO2 ETS pilot policy on infant health measured by infant mortality. In particular, from the perspectives of pollution emission reduction and green and high-quality economic growth, we empirically identify the mechanism through which the ETS influences infant mortality. The results show that the implementation of the ETS pilot policy significantly reduces infant mortality, and with the implementation of the pilot policy, such a health improvement effect is strengthened. This finding is consolidated through a series of robustness checks, including employing the method of the propensity score matching combined by the DID, using the thermal inversion strength as the instrumental variable, excluding the impacts of other environmental policies, and conducting a placebo test. In addition, the results of the mechanism analysis indicate that the ETS pilot policy significantly lowers SO2 emission density and PM2.5 concentration and raises energy efficiency and per capita GDP. Therefore, the ETS pilot policy can improve infant health by promoting pollution emission reduction and green and high-quality economic growth. This study provides some empirical evidence for the causal relationship between environmental regulation policies and infant health, as well as some reference for the formulation and improvement of related environmental regulation policies.Massive quantities of marine sedimentary rock are excavated from urban coastal areas. The excavated rock often releases arsenic with concurrent oxidation of framboidal pyrite, but the arsenic release is naturally suppressed with subsequent atmospheric exposure. The present study evaluated the re-release of arsenic from excavated rock in which arsenic release has been naturally suppressed by the atmospheric exposure in the presence of sulfate ions under various redox conditions using the biological reduction method. The atmospheric exposure and subsequent batch leaching test revealed that the amount of arsenic release that was naturally suppressed corresponded to 1.2% of the total arsenic content. The sequential extraction analysis also showed that the arsenic in the exposed rock was altered to insoluble phases. We observed a re-release of 6.0-18.2% of the total arsenic content under reductive conditions ( less then  + 70 mV of Eh), exceeding the amount of arsenic that was naturally suppressed, even in the presence of sulfate ions. The correlation in the amount of arsenic and iron re-released demonstrates that arsenic re-release under reductive conditions is mainly regulated by the iron dissolution up to 10 mg kg-1 even in the presence of sulfate ion. Further reduction and dissolution of iron did not cause further increase in the arsenic re-release. Therefore, excavated marine sedimentary rock should be reused under redox conditions in which iron is not reduced. Otherwise, treatments such as chemical immobilization should be performed.Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most toxic heavy metals for plant physiology and development. This review discusses Cd effects on auxin biosynthesis and homeostasis, and the strategies for restoring plant growth based on exogenous auxin application. First, the two well-characterized auxin biosynthesis pathways in plants are described, as well as the effect of exogenous auxin application on plant growth. Then, review describes the impacts of Cd on the content, biosynthesis, conjugation, and oxidation of endogenous auxins, which are related to a decrease in root development, photosynthesis, and biomass production. Finally, compelling evidence of the beneficial effects of auxin-producing rhizobacteria in plants exposed to Cd is showed, focusing on photosynthesis, oxidative stress, and production of antioxidant compounds and osmolytes that counteract Cd toxicity, favoring plant growth and improve phytoremediation efficiency. Expanding our understanding of the positive effects of exogenous auxins application and the interactions between bacteria and plants growing in Cd-polluted environments will allow us to propose phytoremediation strategies for restoring environments contaminated with this metal.