Hjortbrink9427

net.BACKGROUND Ophthalmology applies many different ways of delivering effective drugs to eye tissue for the prevention and treatment of diseases of various etiologies. The vast majority of ophthalmologists use traditional instillation of drugs in the period of eye disease. However, this method has a number of drawbacks, in particular, when instillation of drip forms of drugs, up to 80% of the drug is lost due to withdrawal of its tear fluid and rapid absorption by the mucous membrane of the eyes, which necessitates their frequent instillation to maintain therapeutic concentration on the eyeball. OBJECTIVE The use in ophthalmic practice of polymeric forms of bio soluble antiviral eye medicinal films of prolonged form would allow introducing the active substance less often while maintaining its therapeutic concentration, reducing the dosage of the drug and the negative effect of frequent instillation. METHODS A method of obtaining polymeric forms of bio soluble nanostructured ophthalmic medicinal films based on a most promising in terms of the prolongation effect and the absence of an irritating effect and transparency are films, obtained from solutions of the polymer-polymer composition of NaCMC - a "CelAgrip" substance of a spherical shape with embedded nanoparticle of size of 14-52 nm and a pH value of 7.6. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.Hypoxic tumor cell sub-populations are highly resistant to radiotherapy and their presence frequently causes disease recurrence and death. Here we describe the physicochemical properties required to develop superior tumor targeted hypoxia-activated modular prodrugs that liberate extremely short-lived bis(sulfonyl)hydrazines (BSHs) as reactive cytotoxins, thereby precisely focusing cytotoxic stress on these radio-resistant hypoxic sub-populations. Utilizing the strategy described new agents will be possible that more precisely confine/focus cytotoxic stress on radiation resistant areas and will thus strongly synergize with radiotherapy. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.The therapeutic approach based on anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) molecules can be used to treat two important complications of retinal dystrophies choroidal neovascularization and macular edema. The macular involvement in retinal dystrophies can lead to further visual deterioration in patients in young age and already affected by functional limitations. The chapter reports the effect of anti-VEGF treatment in several subforms of retinal dystrophies, critically discussing advantages and limitations. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an immune-mediated chronic inflammatory disease. Although the uncertain etiology, there is marked dysbalanced of mucosal immune responses in part shaped with genetic susceptibility and intestinal microbial dysbiosis. To suppress inflammatory activity adequately and maintain it are the main goals for current therapies. However, corticosteroids are only suitable for therapy of active disease, and the effects of immunosuppressive agents are mainly limited to maintenance of remission. Biologics have become widely available, which provide therapeutic benefits to the IBD patients. But only part of patients benefit from them. Thus, there is an urge for the development of new substances in the therapy of IBD. Anlotinib Exosomes are nano-sized lipid vesicles identified recently. They be secreted from all living cells, and then distribute in various human body fluids. The components, such as microRNAs and functional proteins, secreted by exosomes in different cells have been reported to involve in pathogenesis of IBD. Therefore, exosomes have the potential to become the appealing particles in treating IBD as a cell-free therapeutic approach, and the biomarkers for diagnosis and monitoring disease status. Researches are further needed to investigate the practicability, safety and desirable effects of exosomes in clinical applications in IBD. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.This review focuses on 5 new anti-VEGF drugs in advanced stage of clinical development (i.e. phase 3) conbercept, brolucizumab, port delivery system with ranibizumab, abicipar pegol and faricimab. Results of clinical trials and advantages of each drug compared to the available molecules are discussed in detail. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is one of the most prevalent causes of visual loss in the Western World. Its pathogenesis is still not completely known. Chronic macular edema and ischemia compromise the functional and anatomical status of the retina. Antivascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) injections have demonstrated better results than other previous options including observation or laser therapy. This narrative review aims to analyze the current aspects related to these drugs. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.AIM AND OBJECTIVE The research focuses on recent progress in the production of light olefins. Hence, the common catalyst of the reaction (SAPO-34) deactivates quickly because of coke formation, we reorganized the mechanism combining SAPO-34 with a natural zeolite in order to delay the deactivation time. MATERIALS AND METHODS The synthesis of nanocomposite catalyst was conducted hydrothermally using experimental design. Firstly, Clinoptilolite was modified using nitric acid in order to achieve nano scaled material. Then, the initial gel of the SAPO-34 was prepared using DEA, aluminum isopropoxide, phosphoric acid and TEOS as the organic template, sources of Aluminum, Phosphor, and Silicate, respectively. Finally, the modified zeolite was combined with SAPO-34's gel. RESULTS 20 different catalysts due to D-Optimal design were synthesized and the nanocomposite with 50 weight percent of SAPO-34, 4 hours Crystallization and early Clinoptilolite precipitation showed the highest relative crystallinity, partly high BET surface area and hierarchical structure.