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Hence, distention-induced activity of cholinergic nerves and/or a co-factor within nitrergic nerves such as ATP is also a requirement for the minute rhythm. Cluster formation was dependent on distention but was not evoked by a distention reflex. Pentylenetetrazol Block of gap junction conductance by carbenoxolone, dose dependently inhibited, and eventually abolished clusters and contraction waves, likely associated, not with inhibition of nitrergic innervation, but by abolishing ICC network synchronization. An intriguing feature of the clusters was the presence of bands of rhythmic inhibitions at 4-8 cycles/min; these inhibitory patches occurred in the presence of tetrodotoxin or lidocaine and hence were not dependent on nitrergic nerves. We propose that the minute rhythm is generated by nitric oxide-induced rhythmic depolarization of the musculature via ICC-DMP.Interoception, the ability to perceive inner body sensations, has been demonstrated to be different among genders, with a stronger female attention toward interoceptive information. No study correlated this capability with brain differences between males and females. This study aims to detect behavioral variances and structural neuroimaging interoception correlates in a sample of healthy volunteers matched for age. Seventy-three participants (37 females, mean age 43.5; 36 males, mean age 37.4) completed the Self-Awareness Questionnaire (SAQ) for interoceptive sensibility and underwent a structural MRI session. A t test corrected for Bonferroni multiple comparisons was performed to compare brain morphological parameters (cortical thickness and parcel volume) in both groups. A multivariate analysis of variance was performed to assess the effect of gender on scores obtained on the SAQ. A moderation model through multiple linear regression analysis was performed between gray matter volumes or parcels, cortical thf self.Shiftwork may adversely impact an individual's sleep-wake patterns and result in sleep loss ( less then 6 h. following night shift), due to the circadian misalignment and the design of rosters and shifts. Within a mining operation, this sleep loss may have significant consequences due to fatigue, including an increased risk of accidents and chronic health conditions. This study aims to (i) determine the efficacy of an intervention that comprises a sleep education program and biofeedback through a smartphone app on sleep quality, quantity, and alertness (ii) determine the prevalence of risk for a potential sleep disorder, and (iii) quantify and describe the sleep habits and behaviors of shift workers in a remote mining operation. This study consists of a randomized controlled trial whereby eighty-eight shift workers within a remote mining operation are randomized to a control group or one of three different treatment groups that are (i) a sleep education program, (ii) biofeedback on sleep through a smartphone ncluding oil and gas, aviation, rail, and healthcare.Epigenetic clocks are among the most promising biomarkers of aging. It is particularly important to establish biomarkers of brain aging to better understand neurodegenerative diseases. To advance application of epigenetic clocks-which were largely created with DNA methylation levels in blood samples-for use in brain, we need clearer evaluation of epigenetic clock behavior in brain, including direct comparisons of brain specimens with blood, a more accessible tissue for research. We leveraged data from the Religious Orders Study and Rush Memory and Aging Project to examine three established epigenetic clocks (Horvath, Hannum, PhenoAge clocks) and a newer clock, trained in cortical tissue. We calculated each clock in three different specimens (1) antemortem CD4+ cells derived from blood (n = 41); (2) postmortem dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC, n = 730); and (3) postmortem posterior cingulate cortex (PCC, n = 186), among older women and men, age 66-108 years at death. Across all clocks, epigenetic age calcementia, correlations of epigenetic to chronologic age remained consistently high across all groups. Future research in brain aging will benefit from epigenetic clocks constructed in brain specimens, including exploration of any advantages of focusing on CpG sites conserved across brain and other tissue types.Metoidioplasty is a gender-affirming surgery for transgender men, which creates a neophallus using vaginal mucosa and labia majora. One known complication of this procedure is urethral stricture. We report the novel case of a patient with urethral stricture 4 years after metoidioplasty found to have squamous cell carcinoma in situ likely originating from the vaginal mucosa grafted to the neourethra, and highlight the importance of sending such strictures for pathologic evaluation.

Scrotal ultrasound is not a routine investigation in the clinical approach to male infertility analysis. This study aims to identify the role of testicular Doppler ultrasound in male infertility assessment and its relation to semen parameters in non-azoospermic men.

Cross-sectional descriptive analysis of 558 men from infertile couples were examined at the Hue Center for Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Hue University Hospital from June 2016 to May 2018. Some cohort characteristics, semen analysis and testicular Doppler ultrasound were analyzed. Men with acute systemic diseases, acute urinary tract infection, hepatic dysfunction, malignant diseases, retrograde ejaculation, cryptorchidism or azoospermia were excluded.

The mean volumes of the right and left testicles were 8.87 and 8.77 ml, respectively. The total volume of the 2 sides was 17.63 ± 4.34 ml (95% confidence interval 17.27-18.00 ml). The mean right resistive index (RI) was 0.61 ± 0.23, and the mean left RI was 0.59 ± 0.01. The rate of normal semen quality was 23.2% in group with varicocele and 30.6% in group with non-varicocele. link2 The ultrasound results from the normal semen group were much different from those of the abnormal semen group regarding testicular volume mean right testis volume 9.67 ± 1.88 vs. 8.75 ± 2.34 ml, p = 0.0096; mean left testis volume 9.54 ± 1.78 vs. 8.51 ± 2.44 ml, p = 0.0047; mean total volume of 2 sides 19.21 ± 3.60 vs. 17.26 ± 4.59 ml, p = 0.005 (varicocele group); mean right testis volume 9.21 ± 2.21 vs. 8.63 ± 2.21 ml, p = 0.029 (non-varicocele group). The other indexes of color Doppler ultrasound (peak systolic velocity, end diastolic velocity, RI) were not found to correlate with semen quality.

Testicular volume which has a close relation to the semen parameters could be used as a clinical prediction factor for the quality of semen.

Testicular volume which has a close relation to the semen parameters could be used as a clinical prediction factor for the quality of semen.

Previous publications confirmed that after internal urethrotomy success rates in the short-term (less than 6 months) are varied (70-80%) and in the long-term results are generally low. In this study, the efficacy of triamcinolone instillation based on a newly introduced protocol on the rate of recurrence in patients with anterior urethral strictures was evaluated.

A total of 66 patients were divided into treatment group (n = 33), in which triamcinolone was instilled on urethra after removing of Foley catheter and control group (n = 33) that not received any intervention. Each 40 mg/1 ml of triamcinolone vial was dissolved in 9 ml of distilled water and then a 2 ml of diluted solution was used for each instillation and 8 ml was kept in 4°C. Triamcinolone was instilled based on daily in week 1, every other day for week 2 and then every Monday and Friday for 2 months. Penile clamp was used after instillation for 1 hour. Treatment failure was based on urine flow rate, rate of recurrence and time to appearancey of triamcinolone instillation.

Administration of triamcinolone instillation in urethra is associated with a decreased risk of stricture recurrence. Superior outcomes were seen in patients with a stricture length of more than 2 cm and this may in part reflect the increasing efficacy of the instillation method in the management of urethral strictures. These findings help identify patients with aggressive features of strictures in urethra who may benefit from intensified treatment efficacy of triamcinolone instillation.

Community-acquired urinary tract infection is one of the most common reasons for consultation in everyday practice; it represents a major source of antibiotic consumption.

(

) is the main pathogen incriminated.

The aim of this study was to evaluate antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of community-acquired uropathogenic

throughout a 7-year period.

All strains of

isolated from urine samples between January 1st 2012 and December 31st 2018 were included. Presence of ≥ 10

CFU/ml in urine culture media was considered as significant for urinary tract infection. The identification of

strains was realized using standard laboratory techniques. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using the disk diffusion method according to the CA-SFM/ EUCAST criteria.

A total of 1,335

strains were isolated. Overall susceptibility rates to antimicrobial agents were as follows ampicillin 39.1%, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid 64.9%, cefotaxime 94.9%, trimethoprim/sulfamethox-azole 67.6%, ciprofloxacin etation criteria and antibiotic prescription habits. Rigorous surveillance of resistance rate is necessary to determine appropriate empirical treatment and limit the spread of multiresistant strains.

To evaluate perioperative parameters, early functional outcomes, and the safety profile of holmium laser enucleation of the prostate learning curves with and without mentoring.

The learning curves of 2 surgeons of their first 100 consecutive patients treated with holmium laser enucleation of the prostate were retrospectively analyzed. link3 We analyzed demographic parameters, clinical outcomes, adverse events, and the progress during each learning experience.

The only statistically significant differences between the two learning curves were found for operation time (138.2 ± 60.7 vs. 98.2 ± 37.7 min; p < 0.001) in favor of the supervised approach, the total weight of resected prostatic tissue (81.5 ± 50.5 vs. 65.0 ± 6.7 g; p < 0.001) with more tissue removal by the surgeon without guidance, and the perioperative hemoglobin drop (1.9 ± 1.4 vs. 1.1 ± 1.0 g/dl; p < 0.001) in favor of the learning curve with a training programme. In multivariate logistic regression, the time factor was independently associated with a higher drop in hemoglobin levels (OR 1.015; 95% CI 1.000-1.023; p = 0.001). The improvements of clinical outcomes as determined by International Prostate Symptom Score, quality of life, peak urinary flow rate and postvoid residual volume were comparable. After the first 50 procedures the mean operation time significantly improved from 147 to 107.5 minutes for the learning curve without supervision (p < 0.001), whereas the surgical time was consistent throughout the 100 cases with a mentoring programme. The overall incidence of treatment-related adverse events was significantly higher without the training programme (16 vs. 5%; p = 0.008).

Our study clearly showed the benefits of a structured training programme to overcome the steep learning curve.

Our study clearly showed the benefits of a structured training programme to overcome the steep learning curve.

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