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0001. Mortality risk was found to be significantly higher in COVID-19 patients with diabetes as compared to COVID-19 patients without diabetes with a pooled risk ratio of 1.61 (95% CI 1.16-2.25%), p=0.005. Likewise, risk of ICU admission rate was significantly higher in COVID-19 patients with diabetes as compared to COVID-19 patients without diabetes with a pooled risk ratio of 1.88 (1.20%-2.93%), p=0.006.

This meta-analysis found a high prevalence of diabetes and higher mortality and ICU admission risk in COVID-19 patients with diabetes.

This meta-analysis found a high prevalence of diabetes and higher mortality and ICU admission risk in COVID-19 patients with diabetes.

Glycemic variability is associated with risks for adverse events in patients with cancer. Several studies have evaluated the presence and impact of hyperglycemia and/or hypoglycemia in patients with cancer; however, few studies have evaluated glycemic variability. The purpose of this integrative review of studies in patients with gastrointestinal cancers was to investigate the presence and methods of reporting glycemic variability during and following treatments.

A comprehensive review of the literature was conducted. PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases were searched for publications between 1/1/1969 and 7/24/2019. Studies of patients with gastrointestinal cancer following surgery, during treatment, and <5 years following treatment were included and evaluated by cancer type and method of glucose and glycemic variability measurement.

Among 1526 patients with gastrointestinal cancer across 19 studies, gastric and pancreatic cancers were most prevalent. Timing of glucose testing and methods oations need to identify the presence and define the methods of measuring glycemic variability in patients with gastrointestinal cancer.A sufficiently fast and simple antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) is urgently required to guide effective antibiotic usages and to surveil the antimicrobial resistance rate. Here, we establish a rapid, quantitative, and high-throughput phenotypic AST by measuring electrons transferred from the interiors of microbial cells to external electrodes. Because the transferred electrons are based on microbial metabolic activities and are inversely proportional to the concentration of potential antibiotics, the changes in electrical outputs can be readily used as a transducing signal to efficiently monitor bacterial growth and antibiotic susceptibility. The sensing is performed by directly measuring the total energy, or all the accumulated microbial electricity, generated by microbial fuel cells (MFCs) arranged in a large-capacity disposable, paper-based testbed. A common Gram-negative pathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa wild-type PAO1 and first-line antibiotic gentamicin (GEN) are used in our experiments. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values generated from our technique are validated by the gold standard broth microdilution (BMD). Our new approach provides quantitative, actionable MIC results within just 5 h because it measures electricity produced by bacterial metabolism instead of the days needed for growth-observation methods. Moreover, as the equipment needed is simple, common, and inexpensive, our test has immense potential to be adopted in the field or resource-limited hospitals and labs to provide insightful assessments for research and clinical practices.A novel hollow ZnS-CdS nanocage-based molecularly imprinted photoelectrochemical (ZnS-CdS/rMIP PEC) sensor was designed for sensitive detection of oxytetracycline (OTC). O-phenylenediamine was electropolymerized onto hollow ZnS-CdS nanocages to form a polymer film, and then OTC molecules were imprinted on the polymer film through hydrogen bonding. When OTC was eluted, many specific recognition sites were formed on the polymer membrane for detecting OTC in samples. It is worth noting that the rhombohedral dodecahedral structure of hollow ZnS-CdS nanocage can provide large specific surface area, allowing more OTC molecules to be imprinted into the polymer film. Moreover, the unique hollow structure and the heterojunction formed by ZnS and CdS can significantly enhance the photocurrent response. Furthermore, molecular imprint polymer (MIP) technology greatly improves the selectivity and sensitivity of the constructed PEC sensor for detection of OTC. Under optimal conditions, the ZnS-CdS/rMIP PEC sensor has prominent linear relationship in the range of OTC concentration from 1 nmol L-1 to 3 μmol L-1, and the detection limit is 0.10 nmol L-1 (S/N = 3). It is gratifying that the fabricated ZnS-CdS/rMIP PEC sensor displays excellent selectivity for OTC detection when interferences with similar structure exist. It also exhibits superior reproducibility and stability as well as high recovery in the investigation of actual water samples. The combination of PEC and MIP technology will provide significant reference value for effective and rapid detection of other pollutants in the environment.Mitochondria are crucial for physiological activities, and alterations in mitochondrial function will lead to diverse human diseases. However, the tracking and long-term visualizing mitochondria are still deficient, which limits the research related to mitochondria. Inspired by the exceptional interfacial architecture of mitochondria, we proposed the interface-targeting model for designing fluorescent probes that could track and long-term visualize mitochondria with high selectivity in living cells, tissues, and zebrafish. And (E)-4-(2-(7-(diethylamino)-2-oxo-2H-chromen-3-yl)vinyl)-1-dodecylpyridin-1-ium iodide (CVP) with a cationic pyridinium unit and a C12-chain for targeting mitochondria was synthesized in this work. Thanks to the C12-chain, CVP has excellent permeability in tissues and zebrafish. In comparison to traditional mitochondrial probes, CVP stained mitochondria in short time and long-term track mitochondria without being affected by mitochondrial membrane potential because of the distal long alkyl chain, which enhanced the binding affinity of CVP to mitochondria. The phospholipid-biomimetic structure of CVP endowed it with high selectivity to mitochondria, which decreased the background noise. So CVP could stain mitochondria in tissues and zebrafish with high fidelity through no washing procedures. Particularly, four kinds of mitochondria were visualized by CVP in tissues. In addition, CVP can be applied to track the mitophagy behavior in situ and real-time. All of them demonstrated that the interface-targeting model is an effective strategy for designing mitochondrial probes with high selectivity.Point-of-care assays for optical detection of biomolecular markers attract growing attention, because of their capacity to provide rapid and inexpensive diagnostics of cancer and infectious diseases. Here, we designed a nanoprobe compatible with a smartphone RGB camera for detection of nucleic acids. It is based on light-harvesting polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) encapsulating green fluorescent donor dyes that undergo efficient Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) to red fluorescent acceptor hybridized at the particle surface. Green-emitting NPs are based on rhodamine 110 and 6G dyes paired with bulky hydrophobic counterions, which prevent dye self-quenching and ensure efficient energy transfer. Their surface is functionalized with a capture DNA sequence for cancer marker survivin, hybridized with a short oligonucleotide bearing FRET acceptor ATTO647N. Obtained 40-nm poly(methyl methacrylate)-based NP probe, encapsulating octadecyl rhodamine 6G dyes with tetrakis(perfluoro-tert-butoxy)aluminate counterions (~6000 dyes per NP), and bearing 65 acceptors, shows efficient FRET with >20% quantum yield and a signal amplification (antenna effect) of 25. It exhibits ratiometric response to the target DNA by FRET acceptor displacement and enables DNA detection in solution by fluorescence spectroscopy (limit of detection 3 pM) and on surfaces at the single-particle level using two-color fluorescence microscopy. Using a smartphone RGB camera, the nanoprobe response can be readily detected at 10 pM target in true color and in red-to-green ratio images. Thus, our FRET-based nanoparticle biosensor enables detection of nucleic acid targets using a smartphone coupled to an appropriate optical setup, opening the way to simple and inexpensive point-of-care assays.Cloth (or fabric) is an omnipresent material that has various applications in everyday life, and has become one of the things people are most familiar with. It has some attractive properties such as low cost, ability to transport fluid by capillary force, high tensile strength and durability, good wet strength, and great biocompatibility and biodegradability. Hence, cloth is an ideal material for the development of economical and user-friendly diagnostic devices for many applications including food detection, environmental monitoring, disease diagnosis and public health. Microfluidic cloth-based analytical devices (μCADs) (or microfluidic fabric-based analytical devices (μFADs)) first emerged in 2011 as a low-cost alternative to conventional laboratory testing, with the goal of improving point of care testing and disease screening in the developing world. In this review, we examine the advances in the development of μCADs from 2011 to 2020, especially highlighting emerging technologies and applications related to the μCADs. First, different fabrication methods for μCADs are introduced and compared. selleck chemicals llc Second, a series of cloth-based microfluidic functional components are discussed, including microvalves, fluid velocity control elements, micromixers, and microfilters. Then, electroanalytical μCADs are described, especially focusing on the use of cloth-based electrodes. Next, various detection methods for μCADs, together with their corresponding applications, are compared and categorized. In addition, the current development of wearable μCADs is also demonstrated. Finally, the future outlook and trends in this field are discussed.Herein we report the positron emission tomography (PET) imaging potential of a 124I-labeled radiopharmaceutical (PET-ONCO). In tumored mice, it shows high uptake in a variety of tumors brain (GL261, U87), Colon (Colon26), lung (Lewis lung), breast (4 T1), bladder (UMUC3), pancreas (PANC-1) implanted in mice. This agent also shows promise for imaging associated metastatic disease (breast to lung, to bone). Interestingly, the iodinated compound derived from chlorophyll-a, in combination with the corresponding 124I-analog, can serve as a dual imaging agent (PET/fluorescence, complimentary to each other), with an option of photodynamic therapy (PDT). In contrast to Fluorine-18 (half-life 110 min), the Iodine-124 radionuclide has a physical half-life of roughly 4 days. Thus, unlike 18F-FDG, PET-ONCO can be transported longer distances. While the time for optimal tumor-uptake was observed at 24 h, improved tumor contrasts of both primary and metastasis were obtained at 48 and 72 h post- injection (i. v.) of PET-ONCO. In both mice and rats at a single dose study, PET-ONCO did not show any organ toxicity.Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a common premalignant chronic inflammatory disorder. Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) provides a real-time, non-invasive, and in-situ optical signature using light of varying wavelengths to examine tissue. Aim of the present study was to assess the possible role of OCT as diagnostic tool for atrophic-erosive OLP by examining OCT scans of healthy buccal mucosa, and comparing their ultrastructural features with those of a buccal mucosa affected by atrophic-erosive OLP, using their histopathological counterparts as the gold standard. Through grayscale (enface scan) and an application in which the vascularization of the tissue is visible (dynamic scan), it was possible to distinguish the healthy from the lichenoid pattern from 20 controls (12 M; 8 F; mean age 41.32 years) and 20 patients with histologically confirmed atrophic-erosive OLP (7 M; 13 F; mean age 64.27 years). In detail, mean width of stratified squamous epithelium (EP) and lamina propria (LP) were evaluated. Among controls, EP and LP showed a mean width of 300 (±50) and of 600 (±50) μm respectively; among cases, disruption of membrane basement prevented from any measurement.