Higginsseverinsen7224

Both internal and external load measures are necessary to provide an accurate perception of the impact of training stimuli on players. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.The purpose of this study was to establish the relationships between 50 m sprint swimming performance and variables acquired from a swimming load-velocity profile established by semi-tethered butterfly swimming. Twelve male elite swimmers participated in the present study and performed 50 m sprint and semi-tethered butterfly swimming with different loads. The mean velocity among all upper-limb cycles was obtained from the 50 m swimming (race velocity), and maximum load and velocity were predicted from the load-velocity profile established by the semi-tethered swimming test. There was a very large correlation (r=0.885, p less then 0.01) and a high intra-class correlation (0.844, p less then 0.001) between the race velocity and the predicted maximum velocity. Significant correlations were also observed between the predicted maximum load and the 50 m time as well as the race velocity (r=- 0.624 and 0.556, respectively, both p less then 0.05), which imply that an ability to achieve a large tethered swimming force is associated with 50 m butterfly performance. These results indicate that the load-velocity profile is a useful tool for predicting and assessing sprint butterfly swimming performance. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.Off-road running continues to grow in popularity, with differing event categories existing, and terminologies are often used interchangeably and without precision. Trail running, mountain running, skyrunning, fell running, orienteering, obstacle course racing and cross-country running all take place predominantly in off-road terrain. Ultramarathon running refers to any running event over marathon distance conducted in any terrain and surface. Although some overlap may exist between these running events, mainly through the common denominator of off-road terrain, distinct features need to be recognised. As scientific interest in these activities grows, it becomes important to clarify these terms and develop a universal language for discussing these events. Similarly, off-road running athletes are generally not properly defined within the scientific literature, which makes intra- and inter-study comparisons difficult. The current position statement of the Ultra Sports Science Foundation highlights the different off-road running events and recommends clear reference to distance, surface, elevation change and altitude, type of event (continuous vs. staged), type of support, name and year of the event, governing body, and guidance on terminology. We further recommend to describe off-road running athletes by basic data, physiological determinants, training and competition characteristics in the scientific literature in order to facilitate and guide further research and practice. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.This study aimed to investigate the effect of the menstrual cycle on serum carnitine and the endurance performance of healthy women. Fifteen eumenorrheic women underwent cycle ergometer exercise at 60% maximal oxygen uptake (V̇ O2max) for 45 min, followed by exercise at an intensity that was increased to 80% V̇ O 2max until exhaustion, during two menstrual cycle phases, including the early follicular phase (FP) and the midluteal phase (LP). The blood levels of estradiol, progesterone, total carnitine, free carnitine, and acylcarnitine were assessed. Compared with the FP, the LP had significantly lower serum total carnitine (p less then 0.05) and free carnitine (p less then 0.01). Moreover, the group with decreased endurance performance in the LP than in the FP showed a significantly higher change in serum free carnitine compared with the group that showed improved endurance performance in the LP than in the FP (p less then 0.05). The results of this study suggested that the changes in serum free carnitine during the menstrual cycle might influence endurance performance. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.Vitamin D has been shown to benefit a diverse range of health functions including muscle function. The aim of the present study was to identify serum 25(OH)D3 levels in a sample of adolescent dancers and compare them to muscle function and injury incidence. We incorporated a cross-sectional design to study 49 pre-professional male and female dancers (17±4.44 yrs, 52.1±6.72 kg, 1.63±0.07 m) in full-time training in Bazil. Serum 25[OH]D3 was analyzed by Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay; quadriceps and hamstring peak torque and muscle fatigue were measured by isokinetic dynamometer at 60 and 300° s-1. Injury type and location in the previous 6-months were determined by self-report questionnaire. Participants were categorized into 2 groups normal or insufficient/deficient (>or less then 30 ng/ml 25[OH]D3). Results indicated the normal serum 25[OH]D3 group had significantly lower fatigue rates than the insufficient/deficient group (p less then 0.05) but not for the other muscle function parameters. Fifty-seven percent of participants reported at least 1 injury. The most common were sprains (33%) and tendinopathies (19%). Injured dancers had significantly lower peak torque at 60°/s. The link between serum 25[OH]D3 and reduced muscle fatigue resistance has not been shown before, though the underlying mechanisms aren't apparent and the link between muscular strength and injury has been previously evidenced. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.in German Feist M, Rieger A, Müller C et al. Frakturen der langen Röhrenknochen beim Rind Eine retrospektive Auswertung der Therapie und des Verlaufs bei 194 Tieren. Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd 2019; 161 (9) 509–521 FRAKTUREN AN DEN GLIEDMAßEN DES RINDES TRETEN HäUFIGER AUF UND BETREFFEN VOR ALLEM JUNGTIERE. SIE ENTSTEHEN OFT DURCH UNFäLLE, BEI UNBEOBACHTETEN GEBURTEN ODER INFOLGE EINES UNSACHGEMäßEN AUSZUGS. AUFGRUND IHRER GUTEN KNOCHENHEILUNG UND IHRES RUHIGEN WESENS KOMMT ES BEI RINDERN SELTEN ZU KOMPLIKATIONEN BEI DER HEILUNG. BEI DER BEHANDLUNG SPIELEN AUßER ART UND LOKALISATION DES BRUCHS DER ALLGEMEINE GESUNDHEITSZUSTAND DES TIERES, DIE VERFüGBAREN TECHNISCHEN MöGLICHKEITEN UND DIE KOSTEN EINE WICHTIGE ROLLE. NEBEN KONSERVATIVEN BEHANDLUNGSMETHODEN STEHEN OPERATIVE TECHNIKEN ZUR VERFüGUNG. Shield-1 clinical trial DIE STUDIE UNTERSUCHTE URSACHEN, LOKALISATION, BEHANDLUNGSVERFAHREN UND HEILUNGSVERLAUF VON FRAKTUREN DER LANGEN RöHRENKNOCHEN SOWIE PROGNOSTISCHE FAKTOREN FüR DIE HEILUNG.