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hould be considered in the differential diagnosis for atypical epithelioid lesions of the tongue and oral cavity when patient demographics, gross lesion characteristics, or histopathology are not entirely consistent with more common lesions, such as squamous cell carcinoma.The current pandemic of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) has been a global concern since its outbreak, where the number of COVID-19 cases is also on a rapid surge in Bangladesh with the report of a total of 178,443 cases after the detection of the first three cases in this country on 8 March 2020. From the beginning, the Bangladesh government has taken different initiatives to contain the outbreak of COVID-19, though the government has reduced the restrictions from public life by lifting shut down and re-opening to keep sustained the economy of the country. In this short commentary, we describe the initiatives that the Bangladesh government has taken to respond to COVID-19, the current challenges to fight against COVID-19, and suggest the possible strategies to resist the growing trend of COVID-19 in a less restricted and non-shut down situation.
Clinical heterogeneity is a peculiarity of vestibular migraine, in contrast to other vestibular disorders that have a more stereotypical expression. learn more Migraine presents a range of variability in symptoms depending on the age of the patient. Supposing that migraine headache and vestibular migraine share the same pathogenetic mechanisms, a multiparametric analysis was performed to verify the hypotheses of an age-related influence on the clinical features of vestibular migraine at the onset.
In this retrospective study, we analysed the clinical records of 72 consecutive patients affected by vestibular migraine from June 2012 to November 2018 64 females and eight males; mean age 38.2 ± 9.6. We considered only patients that reported onset of vestibular symptoms within 12 months preceding inclusion into the study.
Statistical analysis shows a significant increase in the diagnosis of probable vestibular migraine with increasing age and a decrease in vestibular migraine diagnosis (
= 0.034). The incidence of spontaneous dizziness increases with age (
= 0.012); by contrast, external spontaneous vertigo, and visually induced vertigo decrease after 40 years of age (
= 0.018), clinically characterising the onset of juvenile forms. Spontaneous vertigo, head motion-induced vertigo/dizziness, and positional vertigo did not show significant variations with age.
Our data show that the type of vestibular symptoms in vestibular migraine varies according to the age of onset.
Our data show that the type of vestibular symptoms in vestibular migraine varies according to the age of onset.
Cerebral proliferative angiopathy is a vascular malformation associated with compromised blood-brain barrier and with migraine-like headache. Treating blood-brain barrier-compromised patients with erenumab, an anti-calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor monoclonal antibody, may be risky.
We describe a case of a 22-year-old chronic migraine patient with cerebral proliferative angiopathy who presented to our hospital in status epilepticus 2 d after his first dose of erenumab. Serial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies demonstrated progressive areas of diffusion restriction including the brain tissue adjacent to the cerebral proliferative angiopathy, bilateral white matter and hippocampi. His 6-month post-presentation magnetic resonance imaging was notable for white matter injury, encephalomalacia surrounding cerebral proliferative angiopathy and bilateral hippocampal sclerosis. He remains clinically affected with residual symptoms, including refractory epilepsy and cognitive deficits.
The evidence presented in this case supports further investigation into potential deleterious side effects of erenumab in patients with compromised blood-brain barrier, such as individuals with intracranial vascular malformations.
The evidence presented in this case supports further investigation into potential deleterious side effects of erenumab in patients with compromised blood-brain barrier, such as individuals with intracranial vascular malformations.The photophysical properties of a donor-acceptor compound based on triphenylamine-modified vinylbenzothiazole derivative (BTTM) are investigated by multispectral techniques. Based on the pump-probe and pump-dump/push-probe technique, it is found that the hybridized localized excited (LE) and charge transfer (CT) state (HLCT) participates in the relaxation process of excited BTTM. The excited state is the LE-dominated HLCT state in cyclohexane; then it evolves to the CT-dominated HLCT state in a high polarity solvent. Meanwhile, a new intermediate state named the HLCT' state also exists in a high polar solvent. When the temperature of BTTM film drops, the increasing photoluminescence (PL) lifetime and PL quantum yield are assigned to the nonradiative recombination inactivation. The pump-probe data show that exciton-exciton annihilation originating from exciton collision gradually increases owing to the weakening of phonon-exciton scattering at low temperature. Our results provide comprehensive insight into the optoelectronic properties of organic molecules.The two-dimensional (2D) periodic Au nanosphere array with silver coating was prepared by using a colloidal monolayer template to obtain a Au nanosphere array and subsequently depositing silver thin coating on it, which could be used as an optical sensor to effectively detect H2S. Such periodic Au nanosphere array with silver coating displayed a surface plasmonic resonance (SPR) peak and an optical diffraction peak. Compared with the SPR peak, the diffraction peak, originated from the periodic arrangements of the obtained array, demonstrated a more sensitive optical change to detect H2S with a significant redshift as the H2S concentration increased. It was attributed to the increase of the refractive index of the environment around the Au nanosphere arrays with silver coating due to the partial formation of Ag2S after detecting H2S. Furthermore, the H2S sensor based on the change of the optical diffraction peak, showed an excellent selectivity and it was very sensitive to detect H2S from 2 to 30 μM. This method was investigated by the analysis in H2S-spiked blood samples, which indicates that the method has the potential to detect H2S in blood samples.
